Bedrock structural controls on the occurrence of sinkholes and springs in the Northern Great Valley Karst, Virginia and West Virginia
Daniel H. Doctor, David J. Weary, Randall C. Orndorff, George E. Harlow Jr., Mark D. Kozar, David L. Nelms
2008, Conference Paper, Sinkholes and the Engineering and Environmental Impacts of Karst
Recent geologic mapping at a scale of 1:24,000 has enabled a qualitative correlation of the occurrence of springs and sinkholes with bedrock structures and ground-water conditions in the northern Great Valley of Virginia and West Virginia. Sinkholes tend to be concentrated in zones of faulting, local minor folding, and clustered...
The dynamics of coastal models
Clifford J. Hearn
2008, Book
Coastal basins are defined as estuaries, lagoons, and embayments. This book deals with the science of coastal basins using simple models, many of which are presented in either analytical form or Microsoft Excel or MATLAB. The book introduces simple hydrodynamics and its applications, from the use of simple box and...
Observations and a model of undertow over the inner continental shelf
Steven J. Lentz, Melanie Fewings, Peter Howd, Janet Fredericks, Kent Hathaway
2008, Journal of Physical Oceanography (38) 2341-2357
Onshore volume transport (Stokes drift) due to surface gravity waves propagating toward the beach can result in a compensating Eulerian offshore flow in the surf zone referred to as undertow. Observed offshore flows indicate that wave-driven undertow extends well offshore of the surf zone, over the inner shelves of Martha’s...
Range expansion of the Mayan cichlid, cichlasoma urophthalmus (pisces, cichlidae), above 28°N in Florida
R. Paperno, R. Ruiz-Carus, J.M. Krebs, C.C. McIvor
2008, Florida Scientist (71) 293-304
Introduced exotic species are a well-recognized problem in Florida's subtropical ecosystems. The presence of the exotic Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) was first confirmed in Florida in 1983, when numerous individuals were found in the northeastern Florida Bay. Since then, this species has continued to expand its range northward. The capture,...
Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin
Holly A. Michaela, Clifford I. Voss
2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (105) 8531-8536
Tens of millions of people in the Bengal Basin region of Bangladesh and India drink groundwater containing unsafe concentrations of arsenic. This high-arsenic groundwater is produced from shallow (<100 m) depths by domestic and irrigation wells in the Bengal Basin aquifer system. The government of Bangladesh has begun to install...
Coral and crustose coralline algae disease on the reefs of American Samoa
G. Aeby, Thierry M. Work, D. Fenner, Eva DiDonato
2008, Conference Paper
Surveys for lesions in corals were conducted at seven sites around Tutuila in June 2004 and January 2005. The objectives of the study were to document the distribution and prevalence of disease in the major genera of corals and crustose coralline algae, systematically describe gross and microscopic morphology of lesions...
A coral disease handbook: Guidelines for assessment, monitoring, and management
L. Raymundo, Thierry M. Work, A.W. Bruckner, B. Willis
L. Raymundo, C. A. Couch, C. D. Harvell, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, A coral disease handbook: Guidelines for assessment, monitoring, and management
No abstract available....
Seeding hydrate formation in water-saturated sand with dissolved-phase methane obtained from hydrate dissolution: A progress report
William F. Waite, J.P. Osegovic, William J. Winters, M.D. Max, David H. Mason
2008, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008)
An isobaric flow loop added to the Gas Hydrate And Sediment Test Laboratory Instrument (GHASTLI) is being investigated as a means of rapidly forming methane hydrate in watersaturated sand from methane dissolved in water. Water circulates through a relatively warm source chamber, dissolving granular methane hydrate that was pre-made from...
A note on the effect of wind waves on vertical mixing in Franks Tract, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA
Janet K. Thompson, Nicole L. Jones, Stephen G. Monismith
2008, San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science (6) 1-11
A one-dimensional numerical model that simulates the effects of whitecapping waves was used to investigate the importance of whitecapping waves to vertical mixing at a 3-meter-deep site in Franks Tract in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta over an 11-day period. Locally-generated waves of mean period approximately 2 s were generated under...
Federal/State mapping program supports ocean management and research
B.D. Andrews, Seth D. Ackerman
2008, Federal GIS Connection 1-4
No abstract available....
Site selection for DOE/JIP gas hydrate drilling in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Deborah Hutchinson, Dianna Shelander, J. Dai, D. McConnell, William Shedd, Matthew Frye, Carolyn D. Ruppel, R. Boswell, Emrys Jones, Timothy S. Collett, Kelly K. Rose, Brandon Dugan, Warren T. Wood
2008, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008)
In the late spring of 2008, the Chevron-led Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project (JIP) expects to conduct an exploratory drilling and logging campaign to better understand gas hydrate-bearing sands in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. The JIP Site Selection team selected three areas to test alternative geological...
Submarine landslide as the source for the October 11, 1918 Mona Passage tsunami: Observations and modeling
A.M. López-Venegas, Uri S. ten Brink, Eric L. Geist
2008, Marine Geology (254) 35-46
The October 11, 1918 ML 7.5 earthquake in the Mona Passage between Hispaniola and Puerto Rico generated a local tsunami that claimed approximately 100 lives along the western coast of Puerto Rico. The area affected by this tsunami is now significantly more populated. Newly acquired high-resolution bathymetry and seismic reflection...
Reef geology and biology of Navassa Island
Margaret W. Miller, Robert B. Halley, Arthur C.R. Gleason
2008, Book chapter, Coral reefs of the USA
Navassa is a small oceanic island (5.2km2 in size) located ~30km west of the southwest tip of Haiti, 160km south of the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and in the heart of the Windward Passage. Navassa was claimed in 1856 by the United States. Navassa has also been...
Corals as bioindicators of climate change
Eugene A. Shinn
2008, Environmental Bioindicators (3) 149-152
Potential effects of climate change and ocean acidification have energized much discussion among coral scientists, especially biologists. Will corals go extinct, lose their skeletons, or migrate pole-ward to cooler waters? No one knows, but some simple experiments, recent observations, and recent studies may shed some light on these questions. Above...
Could mangroves be Tampa Bay's next cash crop?
Matthew Cimitile
2008, Bay Soundings
Obviously, no one is recommending cutting down mangroves to sell, but environmental managers are working toward putting a price tag on the benefits they provide to help ensure that they are protected. Though the process is just beginning here, estimates from studies in other locations indicate that the 15,000 acres...
A new towed platform for the unobtrusive surveying of benthic habitats and organisms
David G. Zawada, P.R. Thompson, J. Butcher
2008, Revista de Biología Tropical: International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation (56) 51-63
Maps of coral ecosystems are needed to support many conservation and management objectives, as well as research activities. Examples include ground-truthing aerial and satellite imagery, characterizing essential habitat, assessing changes, and monitoring the progress of restoration efforts. To address some of these needs, the U.S. Geological Survey developed the Along-Track...
Scientific objectives of the Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate JIP leg II drilling
Emrys Jones, T. Latham, Daniel R. McConnell, Matthew Frye, J.H. Hunt, William Shedd, Dianna Shelander, Ray Boswell, Kelly K. Rose, Carolyn D. Ruppel, Deborah R. Hutchinson, Timothy S. Collett, Brandon Dugan, Warren T. Wood
2008, Conference Paper, Offshore Technology Conference
The Gulf of Mexico Methane Hydrate Joint Industry Project (JIP) has been performing research on marine gas hydrates since 2001 and is sponsored by both the JIP members and the U.S. Department of Energy. In 2005, the JIP drilled the Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon exploration blocks in the Gulf...
Recent declines in western U.S. snowpack in the context of twentieth-century climate variability
Gregory J. McCabe, David M. Wolock
2008, American Meteorological Society, Journal of Hydrometeorology (13)
A monthly snow accumulation and melt model was used with monthly Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) temperature and precipitation data to generate time series of 1 April snow water equivalent (SWE) for 1900 through 2008 in the western United States. Averaged across the western United States, SWE generally...
Total mercury and methylmercury in Indiana streams, August 2004-September 2006
Amanda L. Ulberg, Martin R. Risch
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5176
Total mercury and methylmercury were determined by use of low (subnanogram per liter) level analytical methods in 225 representative water samples collected following ultraclean protocols at 25 Indiana monitoring stations in a statewide network, on a seasonal schedule, August 2004-September 2006. The highest unfiltered total mercury concentrations were at six...
Linking soil organic matter dynamics and erosion-induced terrestrial carbon sequestration at different landform positions
Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Jennifer W. Harden, Margaret S. Torn, John Harte
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences (113)
Recently, the potential for terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration by soil erosion and deposition has received increased interest. Erosion and deposition constitute a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide relative to a preerosional state or a noneroding scenario, if the posterosion watershed C balance is increased due to (1) partial replacement of...
Electrical Resistivity and Seismic Surveys at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada, April 2007
Seth S. Haines, Bethany L. Burton, Donald S. Sweetkind, Theodore H. Asch
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1368
In April 2007, the USGS collected direct-current (DC) electrical resistivity data and shear- (S) and compressional- (P) wave seismic data to provide new detail of previously mapped, overlapping fault splays at two administrative areas in the Nevada Test Site (NTS). In NTS Area 7, we collected two-dimensional DC resistivity data...
Temporal Geochemistry Data from Five Springs in the Cement Creek Watershed, San Juan County, Colorado
Raymond H. Johnson, Laurie Wirt, Kenneth J. Leib
2008, Open-File Report 2007-1249
Temporal data from five springs in the Cement Creek watershed, San Juan County, Colorado provide seasonal geochemical data for further research in the formation of ferricretes. In addition, these data can be used to help understand the ground-water flow system. The resulting data demonstrate the difficulty in gathering reliable seasonal...
Comparison of Atmospheric Deposition Among Three Sites In and Near the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado, 2003-2005
George P. Ingersoll, Donald H. Campbell, M. Alisa Mast
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5229
Atmospheric deposition was monitored for ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations and precipitation amounts in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area of northwestern Colorado at Ned Wilson Lake beginning in 1984 to detect changes that might result from future emissions associated with development of oil-shale resources in northwestern Colorado. Renewed monitoring, by...
Estimated use of water in South Dakota, 2005
Janet M. Carter, Kathleen M. Neitzert
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5216
During 2005, withdrawals from ground-water and surface-water sources in South Dakota for the eight categories of offstream use totaled about 500 million gallons per day (Mgal/d). Of total withdrawals, about 271 Mgal/d was withdrawn from ground water and about 230 Mgal/d was withdrawn from surface water. The largest use of...
Mapping vulnerability to disasters in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1900–2007
Miriam C. Maynard-Ford, Emily C. Phillips, Peter G. Chirico
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1294
The vulnerability of a population and its infrastructure to disastrous events is a factor of both the probability of a hazardous event occurring and the community's ability to cope with the resulting impacts. Therefore, the ability to accurately identify vulnerable populations and places in order to prepare for future hazards...
