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On June 6–8, 1912, ∼ 15 km3 of magma erupted from the Novarupta caldera at the head of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS), producing ∼ 20 km3 of air-fall tephra and 11–15 km3 of ash-flow tuff within ∼ 60 hours. Three discrete periods of ash-fall at Kodiak correlate, respectively, with Plinian...

The “gasometer” is a device that measures differential dissolved-gas pressures (δP) in water relative to barometric pressure (as does the “Weiss saturometer”), but operates continuously without human attention. The gasometer can be plumbed into a water-supply system and requires 8 liters/minute of water or more at 60 kilopascals. The...

The water-quality reconnaissance of the San Rafael River basin, Utah, encompassed an area of about 2,300 square miles (5,960 square kilometers). Data were obtained by the U.S. Geological Survey one or more times at 116 sites from June 1977 to September 1978. At 19 other sites visited during the same...

Water resources data for the 1981 water year for Indiana consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels in wells. This report contains discharge records for 195 gaging stations, stage and contents for 12 lakes and reservoirs,...

The objectives of the cooperative program with the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department are described. Accomplishments within the program are summarized and reports are listed. The accomplishments include operation of a crest-stage station network, modeling of rainfall-runoff station data, publication of drainage-area reports for all major river basins in...

Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to account for the nature and distribution of tabular uranium and vanadium-uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau. In one of these hypotheses it is suggested that the deposits resulted from geochemical reactions at the interface between a relatively stagnant groundwater solution and a dynamic, ore-carrying...

Water-quality constituent loads at the Fall Line stations of the Susquehanna, Potomac, and James Rivers, the three major tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay, can be estimated with reasonable accuracy by regression techniques, especially for wet periods of 1 year or more. Net transport of all nutrient species and most other...

Water resources data for the 1982 water year for Pennsylvania consist of records of discharge and water quality of streams; elevation and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and elevation of tides; and water levels of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 66 gaging stations; elevation and...

Gaging-station data are presented on variations in annual runoff over the conterminous United States and nearby Canada during the period 1911-79 in tabular and graphic (map) form. These data bring up-to-date and extend backward in time previous reports on streamflow stations by Harbeck and Langbein in 1949 which covered the...

Hydrologic investigations of urban watersheds in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. Studies are now in progress in Austin, Houston, and San Antonio.The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Houston, began studies in the Houston metropolitan area in 1964. The program was expanded...

Water-resources data for the 1981 water year for California consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents in lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality in wells. Volume 4 contains discharge records for 167 gaging stations; stage and contents for 26 lakes...

Water resources data for the 1981 water year for New York consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 105 gaging stations; stage only...

Volume 2 of water resources data for the 1981 water year for other Pacific areas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage of a reservoir; and water levels in wells and springs. This report contains discharge records for 41 gaging stations; stage only record for...

Assessment of surface-mining and reclamation activities generally requires extensive hydrologic data. Adequate streamflow data from instrumented gaging stations rarely are available, and estimates of surface- water discharge based on rainfall-runoff models, drainage area, and basin characteristics sometimes have proven unreliable. Channel-geometry measurements offer an alternative method of quickly and inexpensively...

The Bill Williams area includes about 3,200 mi2 in Mohave, Yavapai, and Yuma Counties in west-central Arizona. The west half of the area is in the Basin and Range lowlands water province, and the east half is in the Central high-lands water province (see index map). The Basin and Range...

The Prairie Dog Creek drainage basin in southeastern Montana was investigated during 1978-79 to assess the surface-water and ground-water resources and the quality of water in an area having coal-mining potential. The area, a 24.2-square-mile basin, is located 30 miles southwest of Ash-land, Montana. The principal mineable coal is the...

This map shows estimated erosion and sediment yields of an area designated for extensive surface mining, in San Juan County, New Mexico. The results of this study are important for the planning of future mining operations and will aid in developing suitable reclamation procedures. In addition, these data will serve...

Water resources data for the 1981 water year for Georgia consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records of 109 gaging stations; stage for 10 gaging stations; stage and contents for 17...

Aqueous chemical and radioactive wastes discharged to shallow ponds and to shallow or deep wells on the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) since 1952 have affected the quality of the ground water in the underlying Snake River Plain aquifer. The aqueous wastes have created large and laterally dispersed concentration plumes...

Assessing the hydrology of potential Federal coal-lease tracts, because of their dissemination and limited data, requires some predictive capability. Four tracts assessed were located in the outcrop of three coal groups and of other relatively impermeable rocks in the Pottsville Formation. Physical settings of the tracts and most other areas...

Hydrologic data for four small basins and for numerous other sites in the Warrior coal field are used to define the potential impact of surface mining on water resources. Bear and Blue Creek basins are underlain predominantly by relatively impermeable consolidated rocks in the Pottsville Formation. Turkey and Yellow Creek...

As part of the National Waste Terminal Storage Program, the U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a regional study of the geohydrology of the northern Louisiana salt-dome basin and developing a regional multi-layered ground-water flow model to determine regional flow paths. In the salt-dome basin the Tokio Formation and Brownstown Marl...

Prior to development on Long Island, about 95 percent of total streamflow originated as groundwater seepage from the upper glacial aquifer; the remaining 5 percent consisted of direct storm runoff. Thus, the streams on Long Island function as groundwater drains. Their flow in dry weather is directly controlled by groundwater...

Six exploratory wells were drilled into the cap rock underlying Salt Valley, Utah, for geologic, geophysical, and hydrologic data to augment information obtained from three previous test wells. Drilling of three other test holes was abandoned due to caving and loss of drilling tools, Before reaching the zone of saturation;...

The heat-flow profile across the Arabian Shield from Ar Riyad to Ad Darb and across the Red Sea is examined for compatibility with the lithospheric structure of the area as deduced from geologic and other geophysical data. Broad continental uplift associated with Red Sea rifting is symmetric about the Red...