Monitoring the Earth's dynamic magnetic field
Jeffrey J. Love, David Applegate, John B. Townshend
2008, Fact Sheet 2007-3092
The mission of the U.S. Geological Survey's Geomagnetism Program is to monitor the Earth's magnetic field. Using ground-based observatories, the Program provides continuous records of magnetic field variations covering long timescales; disseminates magnetic data to various governmental, academic, and private institutions; and conducts research into the nature of geomagnetic variations...
Ground- and surface-water chemistry of Handcart Gulch, Park County, Colorado, 2003-2006
Philip L. Verplanck, Andrew H. Manning, Briant A. Kimball, R. Blaine McCleskey, Robert L. Runkel, Jonathan S. Caine, Monique Adams, Pamela A. Gemery-Hill, David L. Fey
2008, Open-File Report 2007-1020
As part of a multidisciplinary project to determine the processes that control ground-water chemistry and flow in mineralized alpine environments, ground- and surface-water samples from Handcart Gulch, Colorado were collected for analysis of inorganic solutes and water and dissolved sulfate stable isotopes in selected samples. The primary aim of this...
Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2007
John W. Beeman
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1022
A study to estimate the effects of Iron Gate Dam discharge on ESA-listed juvenile coho salmon during their seaward migration to the ocean was begun in 2005. Estimates of survival through various reaches of river downstream from the dam were completed in 2006 and 2007 as part of this process....
Facing Tomorrow's Challenges - An Overview
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2008, Fact Sheet 2008-3008
In 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a science strategy outlining the major natural-science issues facing the Nation in the next decade. The science strategy consists of six science directions of critical importance, focusing on areas where natural science can make a substantial contribution to the well-being of the...
Taming of a wild research well in Yellowstone National Park during November 1992
Robert O. Fournier, Michael M. Moore
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1014
Much of our current understanding of Yellowstone's geothermal areas comes from research drilling by the USGS during 1967 and 1968. Thirteen wells were drilled in thermal areas around the park. Scientists collected waters and rocks, measured temperatures and pressures and performed other tests to characterize the shallow subsurface at Yellowstone. Most...
Geology of the Northern Part of the Harcuvar Complex, West-Central Arizona
Bruce Bryant, J. L. Wooden
2008, Professional Paper 1752
In west-central Arizona near the northeast margin of the Basin and Range Province, the Rawhide detachment fault separates Tertiary and older rocks lacking significant effects of Tertiary metamorphism from Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic rocks in the Harcuvar metamorphic core complex below. Much of the northern part of the Harcuvar complex...
Database of the geology and thermal activity of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Kathryn Flynn, Brita Graham Wall, Donald E. White, Roderick A. Hutchinson, Terry E.C. Keith, Laura Clor, Joel E. Robinson
2008, Data Series 324
This dataset contains contacts, geologic units and map boundaries from Plate 1 of USGS Professional Paper 1456, 'The Geology and Remarkable Thermal Activity of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming.' The features are contained in the Annotation, basins_poly, contours, geology_arc, geology_poly, point_features, and stream_arc feature classes as well as...
Recovery of Ground-Water Levels From 1988 to 2003 and Analysis of Potential Water-Supply Management Options in Critical Area 1, East-Central New Jersey
Frederick J. Spitz, Martha K. Watt, Vincent T. dePaul
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5193
Water levels in four confined aquifers in the New Jersey Coastal Plain within Water Supply Critical Area 1 have recovered as a result of reductions in ground-water withdrawals initiated by the State in the late 1980s. The aquifers are the Wenonah-Mount Laurel, the Upper and Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy, and Englishtown aquifer...
Can we dismiss the effect of changes in land‐based water storage on sea‐level rise?
Thomas G. Huntington
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 717-723
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (SLR) during the 20th century is estimated to be 1.7 mm yr−1 ±0.3 yr−1 (Church and White, 2006). SLR during the 20th century was a result of thermal expansion of the oceans and the release of water from terrestrial storage reservoirs (Bindoff et al., 2007)....
Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Caetano caldera, north-central Nevada: A tilted, mid-Tertiary eruptive center and source of the Caetano Tuff
David A. John, Christopher D. Henry, Joseph P. Colgan
2008, Geosphere (4) 75-106
The Caetano Tuff is a late Eocene, rhyolite ash-flow tuff that crops out within an ∼90-km-long, east-west–trending belt in north-central Nevada, previously interpreted as an elongate graben or “volcano-tectonic trough.” New field, petrographic, geochemical, and geochronologic data show that: (1) the east half of the “trough” is actually the Caetano...
A prominent geophysical feature along the northern Nevada rift and its geologic implications, north-central Nevada
David A. Ponce, Jonathan M.G. Glen
2008, Geosphere (4) 207-217
We consider the origin and character of a prominent large-scale geophysical feature in north-central Nevada that is coincident with the western margin of the northern Nevada rift—a mid-Miocene rift that includes mafic dike swarms and associated volcanic rocks expressed by a NNW-striking magnetic anomaly. The geophysical feature also correlates with...
Principal hydrologic responses to climatic and geologic variability in the Sierra Nevada, California
David H. Peterson, Iris Stewart, Fred Murphy
2008, San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 1-21
Sierra Nevada snowpack is a critical water source for California’s growing population and agricultural industry. However, because mountain winters and springs are warming, on average, precipitation as snowfall relative to rain is decreasing, and snowmelt is earlier. The changes are stronger at mid-elevations than at higher elevations. The result is...
Introduction to planetary and space science special issue: Mars polar processes
Timothy N. Titus, Anthony Colaprete, Thomas H. Prettyman
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 147-149
No abstract available....
Large-magnitude Miocene extension of the Eocene Caetano caldera, Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges, Nevada
Joseph P. Colgan, David A. John, Christopher D. Henry, Robert J. Fleck
2008, Geosphere (4) 107-130
Because major mineral deposits in north-central Nevada predate significant Basin and Range extension, a detailed understanding of the timing and kinematics of extensional faulting is necessary to place these deposits in their original structural context. The complexity of pre-Cenozoic deformation in northern Nevada makes restoring Basin and Range faulting difficult...
Molecular epidemiology of eastern equine encephalitis Virus, New York
David S. Young, Laura D. Kramer, Joseph G. Maffei, Robert J. Dusek, P. Bryon Backenson, Christopher N. Mores, Kristen A. Bernard, Gregory D. Ebel
2008, Emerging Infectious Diseases (14) 454-460
Perpetuation, overwintering, and extinction of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) in northern foci are poorly understood. We therefore sought to describe the molecular epidemiology of EEEV in New York State during current and past epizootics. To determine whether EEEV overwinters, is periodically reintroduced, or both, we sequenced the E2 and...
2005 volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory
R. G. McGimsey, C.A. Neal, J. P. Dixon, Sergey Ushakov
2008, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5269
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptive activity or suspected volcanic activity at or near 16 volcanoes in Alaska during 2005, including the high profile precursory activity associated with the 2005–06 eruption of Augustine Volcano. AVO continues to participate in distributing information about eruptive activity on the Kamchatka Peninsula,...
Integrating modelling and remote sensing to identify ecosystem performance anomalies in the boreal forest, Yukon River Basin, Alaska
B.K. Wylie, L. Zhang, Norman B. Bliss, Lei Ji, Larry L. Tieszen, W. M. Jolly
2008, International Journal of Digital Earth (1) 196-220
High-latitude ecosystems are exposed to more pronounced warming effects than other parts of the globe. We develop a technique to monitor ecological changes in a way that distinguishes climate influences from disturbances. In this study, we account for climatic influences on Alaskan boreal forest performance with a data-driven model. We...
Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering 1989-2006 Data
Coggins Jr.
2008, Open-File Report 2007-1402
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 1967, the humpback chub (Gila cypha) (HBC) was added to the federal list of endangered species and is today protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Only six populations of humpback chub are currently known to exist, five in the Colorado River Basin above Lees Ferry, Arizona,...
Ground-water quality data in the Southern Sacramento Valley, California, 2005 — Results from the California GAMA Program
Barbara J. Milby Dawson, George L. V Bennett V, Kenneth Belitz
2008, Data Series 285
Ground-water quality in the approximately 2,100 square-mile Southern Sacramento Valley study unit (SSACV) was investigated from March to June 2005 as part of the Statewide Basin Assessment Project of Ground-Water Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. This study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of raw ground-water...
Food security under climate change
Molly E. Brown, Christopher C. Funk
2008, Science (319) 580-581
Food insecurity is likely to increase under climate change, unless early warning systems and development programs are used more effectively....
Modeling landscape evapotranspiration by integrating land surface phenology and a water balance algorithm
Gabriel B. Senay
2008, Algorithms (1) 52-68
The main objective of this study is to present an improved modeling technique called Vegetation ET (VegET) that integrates commonly used water balance algorithms with remotely sensed Land Surface Phenology (LSP) parameter to conduct operational vegetation water balance modeling of rainfed systems at the LSP’s spatial scale using readily available...
Persistent near-bottom aggregations of mesopelagic animals along the North Carolina and Virginia continental slopes
John V. Gartner Jr., Kenneth J. Sulak, Steve W. Ross, Ann Marie Necaise
2008, Marine Biology (153) 825-841
Submersible observations during four missions over the North Carolina and Virginia continental slopes (184–900 m) documented the occurrence of large aggregations of mesopelagic fishes and macronektonic invertebrates near or on the bottom. Aggregated mesopelagics formed a layer up to tens of meters deep positioned from a few centimeters to 20 m, usually...
Maximum spectral demands in the near-fault region
Yin-Nan Huang, Andrew S. Whittaker, Nicolas Luco
2008, Earthquake Spectra (24) 319-341
The Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes in the western United States predict a rotated geometric mean of horizontal spectral demand, termed GMRotI50, and not maximum spectral demand. Differences between strike-normal, strike-parallel, geometric-mean, and maximum spectral demands in the near-fault region are...
Megadeltas and climate change
Virginia Burkett
2008, Basins and Coasts (2) 16-19
No abstract available...
Palaeoclimate
Eystein Jansen, Jonathan Overpeck, Keith R. Briffa, Jean-Claude Duplessy, Fortunat Joos, Valerie Masson-Delmotte, Daniel Olago, Bette Otto-Bliesner, W. Richard Peltier, Stefan Rahmstorf, Rengaswamy Ramesh, Dominique Raynaud, David Rind, Olga Solomina, Ricardo Villalba, De’er Zhang, Jean-Marc Barnola, Eva M. Bauer, Esther Brady, Mark Chandler, Julia E. Cole, Edward R. Cook, Esla Cortijo, Trond Dokken, Dominik Fleitmann, Masa Kageyama, Myriam Khodri, Laurent Labeyrie, Alexander Laine, Anders Levermann, E. Mosley-Thompson, Daniel R. Muhs, Raimund Muscheler, Tim Osborn, Oyvind Paasche, Frederic Parrenin, Gian-Kasper Plattner, Henry Pollack, Renato Spahni, Lowell D. Stott, Lonnie Thompson, Claire Waelbroeck, Gregory Wiles, James Zachos, Zhangteng Guo
Susan Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor, H. L. Miller, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, Climate change 2007: The physical science basis
This chapter assesses palaeoclimatic data and knowledge of how the climate system changes over interannual to millennial time scales, and how well these variations can be simulated with climate models. Additional palaeoclimatic perspectives are included in other chapters. Palaeoclimate science has made significant advances since the 1970s, when a primary...
