Molecular and structural characterization of dissolved organic matter from the deep ocean by FTICR-MS, including hydrophilic nitrogenous organic molecules
T. Reemtsma, A. These, M. Linscheid, J. Leenheer, A. Spitzy
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 1430-1437
Dissolved organic matter isolated from the deep Atlantic Ocean and fractionated into a so-called hydrophobic (HPO) fraction and a very hydrophilic (HPI) fraction was analyzed for the first time by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) to resolve the molecular species, to determine their exact masses, and to...
Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy imaging using a high-resolution linear radon transform
Y. Luo, J. Xia, R. D. Miller, Y. Xu, J. Liu, Q. Liu
2008, Pure and Applied Geophysics (165) 903-922
Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) analysis is an efficient tool to obtain the vertical shear-wave profile. One of the key steps in the MASW method is to generate an image of dispersive energy in the frequency-velocity domain, so dispersion curves can be determined by picking peaks of dispersion energy....
Scaling hyporheic exchange and its influence on biogeochemical reactions in aquatic ecosystems
Ben L. O’Connor, Judson W. Harvey
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
Hyporheic exchange and biogeochemical reactions are difficult to quantify because of the range in fluid‐flow and sediment conditions inherent to streams, wetlands, and nearshore marine ecosystems. Field measurements of biogeochemical reactions in aquatic systems are impeded by the difficulty of measuring hyporheic flow simultaneously with chemical gradients in sediments. Simplified...
Hepatic heat shock protein 70 and plasma cortisol levels in rainbow trout after tagging with a passive integrated transponder
J.W. Feldhaus, S.A. Heppell, M.G. Mesa, H. Li
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 690-695
This study examined the potentially stressful effects of tagging juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags by measuring short-term (<120-h) changes in plasma concentrations of cortisol and hepatic heat shock protein 70 (hsp70). In a laboratory experiment, plasma cortisol levels were measured in fish before they...
Efficacy of oxytetracycline hydrochloride bath immersion to control external columnaris disease on walleye and channel catfish fingerlings
J.J. Rach, Aaron H. Johnson, J.B. Rudacille, S.M. Schleis
2008, North American Journal of Aquaculture (70) 459-465
The efficacy of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC-HCl) in controlling external columnaris disease caused by Flavobacterium columnare on fingerling walleyes Sander vitreus and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus was evaluated in two on-site hatchery trials. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings before treatment confirmed the presence of bacteria with characteristics indicative of F. columnare.in...
Strong-motion data from the two Pingtung, Taiwan, earthquakes of 26 December 2006
C.-F. Wu, W.H.K. Lee, D.M. Boore
2008, Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (19) 595-639
1016 strong-motion records at 527 free-field stations and 131 records at 42 strong-motion arrays at buildings and bridges were obtained for the Pingtung earthquake doublet from the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau's dense, digital strong-motion network. We carried out standard processing of these strong-motion records at free-field stations. A data set,...
Late-seasonal activity and diet of the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) in Nebraska
Keith Geluso, J.P. Damm, E.W. Valdez
2008, Western North American Naturalist (68) 21-24
In North America, Nebraska represents part of the northwestern edge of the distribution for the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis). To date, little information on this bat's natural history has been published from the state or from other parts of the Great Plains. Here we report on aspects of its natural...
Influence of habitat amount, arrangement, and use on population trend estimates of male Kirtland's warblers
D.M. Donner, J.R. Probst, C. A. Ribic
2008, Landscape Ecology (23) 467-480
Kirtland's warblers (Dendroica kirtlandii) persist in a naturally patchy environment of young, regenerating jack pine forests (i.e., 5-23 years old) created after wildfires and human logging activities. We examined how changing landscape structure from 26 years of forest management and wildfire disturbances influenced population size and spatial dispersion of male...
Methane-producing microbial community in a coal bed of the Illinois Basin
D. Strapoc, F.W. Picardal, C. Turich, I. Schaperdoth, J. L. Macalady, J.S. Lipp, Y.-S. Lin, T.F. Ertefai, F. Schubotz, K.-U. Hinrichs, Maria Mastalerz, A. Schimmelmann
2008, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (74) 2424-2432
A series of molecular and geochemical studies were performed to study microbial, coal bed methane formation in the eastern Illinois Basin. Results suggest that organic matter is biodegraded to simple molecules, such as H 2 and CO2, which fuel methanogenesis and the generation of large coal bed methane reserves. Small-subunit...
Abyssal ostracods from the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Biological and paleoceanographic implications
Moriaki Yasuhara, T. M. Cronin, Arbizu P. Martinez
2008, Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers (55) 490-497
We report the distribution of ostracods from ???5000 m depth from the Southeast and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean recovered from the uppermost 10 cm of minimally disturbed sediments taken by multiple-corer during the R/V Meteor DIVA2 expedition M63.2. Five cores yielded the following major deep-sea genera: Krithe, Henryhowella, Poseidonamicus, Legitimocythere, Pseudobosquetina,...
Talc friction in the temperature range 25°–400 °C: relevance for fault-zone weakening
Diane E. Moore, David A. Lockner
2008, Tectonophysics (449) 120-132
Talc is one of the weakest minerals that is associated with fault zones. Triaxial friction experiments conducted on water-saturated talc gouge at room temperature yield values of the coefficient of friction, μ(shear stress, τ/effective normal stress, σ′N) in the range 0.16–0.23, and μ increases with increasing σ′N. Talc gouge heated to temperatures of 100°–400 °C is...
Structures controlling geothermal circulation identified through gravity and magnetic transects, Surprise Valley, California, northwestern Great Basin
Jonathan M.G. Glen, Anne E. Egger, David A. Ponce
2008, GRC Transactions (32) 279-283
No abstract available....
Fort Collins Science Center: Fiscal Year 2007 Accomplishments
J.T. Wilson
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1092
In Fiscal Year 2007 (FY07), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Fort Collins Science Center (FORT) continued research vital to U.S. Department of the Interior science and management needs and associated USGS programmatic goals. FORT work also supported the science needs of other government agencies as well as private cooperators. Specifically,...
The desperate dozen: Fishes on the brink
Stuart A. Welsh
2008, Report
IT IS NO SECRET THAT OUR NATIVE AQUATIC ANIMALS ARE IN DECLINE. There are currently 582 species of animals on the Federal list of endangered and threatened species, 268 of these (46%) are found in freshwater habitats. Of the amazing assemblage of 675 fishes found in southeastern waters, more than...
Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran
K. Rangzan, A. Charchi, E. Abshirini, J. Dinger
2008, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (14) 315-326
The Pabdeh-Lali Anticline of northern Khuzestan province is located in southwestern Iran and occupies 790 km2. This structure is situated in the Zagros folded belt. As a result of well-developed karst systems in the anticlinal axis, the water supply potential is high and is drained by many peripheral springs. However,...
Mercury correlations among six tissues for four waterbird species breeding in San Francisco Bay, California, USA
Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Joshua T. Ackerman, T.L. Adelsbach, John Y. Takekawa, A.K. Miles, R.A. Keister
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 2136-2153
Despite a large body of research concerning mercury (Hg) in birds, no single tissue has been used consistently to assess Hg exposure, and this has hampered comparisons across studies. We evaluated the relationships of Hg concentrations among tissues in four species of waterbirds (American avocets [Recurvirostra americana], black-necked stilts [Himantopus...
Fe-Ni metal in primitive chondrites: Indicators of classification and metamorphic conditions for ordinary and CO chondrites
M. Kimura, J. N. Grossman, M.K. Weisberg
2008, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (43) 1161-1177
We report the results of our petrological and mineralogical study of Fe-Ni metal in type 3 ordinary and CO chondrites, and the ungrouped carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094. Fe-Ni metal in ordinary and CO chondrites occurs in chondrule interiors, on chondrule surfaces, and as isolated grains in the matrix. Isolated Ni-rich...
Improved tests reveal that the accelarating moment release hypothesis is statistically insignificant
J.L. Hardebeck, K.R. Felzer, A.J. Michael
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (113)
We test the hypothesis that accelerating moment release (AMR) is a precursor to large earthquakes, using data from California, Nevada, and Sumatra. Spurious cases of AMR can arise from data fitting because the time period, area, and sometimes magnitude range analyzed before each main shock are often optimized to produce...
Miocene extension in the East Range, Nevada: A two-stage history of normal faulting in the northern basin and range
J.C. Fosdick, J.P. Colgan
2008, Geological Society of America Bulletin (120) 1198-1213
The East Range in northwestern Nevada is a large, east-tilted crustal block bounded by west-dipping normal faults. Detailed mapping of Tertiary stratigraphic units demonstrates a two-phase history of faulting and extension. The oldest sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the area record cumulative tilting of -30??-45??E, whereas younger olivine basalt flows...
A modeling tool to evaluate regional coral reef responses to changes in climate and ocean chemistry
R. W. Buddemeier, P. L. Jokiel, K.M. Zimmerman, D.R. Lane, J.M. Carey, Geoffrey C. Bohling, J.A. Martinich
2008, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (6) 395-411
We developed a spreadsheet-based model for the use of managers, conservationists, and biologists for projecting the effects of climate change on coral reefs at local-to-regional scales. The COMBO (Coral Mortality and Bleaching Output) model calculates the impacts to coral reefs from changes in average SST and CO2 concentrations, and from...
Chronic wasting disease in a Wisconsin white-tailed deer farm
D.P. Keane, D.J. Barr, P.N. Bochsler, S.M. Hall, T. Gidlewski, K. I. O’Rourke, T.R. Spraker, M.D. Samuel
2008, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (20) 698-703
In September 2002, chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disorder of captive and wild cervids, was diagnosed in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from a captive farm in Wisconsin. The facility was subsequently quarantined, and in January 2006 the remaining 76 deer were depopulated. Sixty animals (79%) were found to...
Plant-herbivore interactions mediated by plant toxicity
Z. Feng, R. Liu, D.L. DeAngelis
2008, Theoretical Population Biology (73) 449-459
We explore the impact of plant toxicity on the dynamics of a plant-herbivore interaction, such as that of a mammalian browser and its plant forage species, by studying a mathematical model that includes a toxin-determined functional response. In this functional response, the traditional Holling Type 2 response is modified to...
Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inorganic constituents in ambient surface soils, Chicago, Illinois: 2001-2002
R.T. Kay, T.L. Arnold, W.F. Cannon, D. Graham
2008, Soil and Sediment Contamination (17) 221-236
Samples of ambient surface soils were collected from 56 locations in Chicago, Illinois, using stratified random sampling techniques and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds and inorganic constituents. PAHs appear to be derived primarily from combustion of fossil fuels and may be affected by proximity to industrial operations, but...
Buruli ulcer disease prevalence in Benin, West Africa: Associations with land use/cover and the identification of disease clusters
T. Wagner, M.E. Benbow, T.O. Brenden, J. Qi, R. C. Johnson
2008, International Journal of Health Geographics (7)
Background: Buruli ulcer (BU) disease, caused by infection with the environmental mycobacterium M. ulcerans, is an emerging infectious disease in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. Although vectors and modes of transmission remain unknown, it is hypothesized that the transmission of BU disease is associated with human activities in or around...
Evidence for crustal degassing of CF4 and SF6 in Mojave Desert groundwaters
D.A. Deeds, M.K. Vollmer, J.T. Kulongoski, B.R. Miller, J. Muhle, C.M. Harth, J. A. Izbicki, David R. Hilton, R.F. Weiss
2008, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (72) 999-1013
Dissolved tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) concentrations were measured in groundwater samples from the Eastern Morongo Basin (EMB) and Mojave River Basin (MRB) located in the southern Mojave Desert, California. Both CF4 and SF6 are supersaturated with respect to equilibrium with the preindustrial atmosphere at the recharge temperatures and...
