Probable flood predictions in ungauged coastal basins of El Salvador
M.J. Friedel, M.E. Smith, A.M.E. Chica, D. Litke
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
A regionalization procedure is presented and used to predict probable flooding in four ungauged coastal river basins of El Salvador: Paz, Jiboa, Grande de San Miguel, and Goascoran. The flood-prediction problem is sequentially solved for two regions: upstream mountains and downstream alluvial plains. In the upstream mountains, a set of...
Simulation of fluid, heat transport to estimate desert stream infiltration
J.T. Kulongoski, J. A. Izbicki
2008, Ground Water (46) 462-474
In semiarid regions, the contribution of infiltration from intermittent streamflow to ground water recharge may be quantified by comparing simulations of fluid and heat transport beneath stream channels to observed ground temperatures. In addition to quantifying natural recharge, streamflow infiltration estimates provide a means to characterize the physical properties of...
Coastal typology: An integrative "neutral" technique for coastal zone characterization and analysis
R. W. Buddemeier, S. V. Smith, D.P. Swaney, C.J. Crossland, B.A. Maxwell
2008, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (77) 197-205
Typology, the 'study or systematic classification of types that have characteristics or traits in common', has become a commonly used term and technique in coastal zone studies over the past two decades. At least part of this is due to adoption by the first Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone...
Post-wildfire erosion response in two geologic terrains in the western USA
J. A. Moody, D.A. Martin, S.H. Cannon
2008, Geomorphology (95) 103-118
Volumes of eroded sediment after wildfires vary substantially throughout different geologic terrains across the western United States. These volumes are difficult to compare because they represent the response to rainstorms and runoff with different characteristics. However, by measuring the erosion response as the erodibility efficiency of water to detach and...
Innovations in individual feature history management - The significance of feature-based temporal model
J. Choi, J.C. Seong, B. Kim, E.L. Usery
2008, GeoInformatica (12) 1-20
A feature relies on three dimensions (space, theme, and time) for its representation. Even though spatiotemporal models have been proposed, they have principally focused on the spatial changes of a feature. In this paper, a feature-based temporal model is proposed to represent the changes of both space and theme independently....
Microsatellite DNA primers for the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and cross-species amplification in other darters (Percidae)
J.F. Switzer, S.A. Welsh, T.L. King
2008, Molecular Ecology Resources (8) 335-338
In order to investigate a potential hybrid zone between the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni, and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and examine population variation within E. osburni, a suite of primers for 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed. The average number of alleles per locus was 5.5 in E. osburni and...
Rethinking avian response to Tamarix on the lower Colorado River: A threshold hypothesis
Charles van Riper III, K.L. Paxton, C. O'brien, P.B. Shafroth, L.J. McGrath
2008, Restoration Ecology (16) 155-167
Many of the world's large river systems have been greatly altered in the past century due to river regulation, agriculture, and invasion of introduced Tamarix spp. (saltcedar, tamarisk). These riverine ecosystems are known to provide important habitat for avian communities, but information on responses of birds to differing levels of...
Interactive visualization to advance earthquake simulation
L.H. Kellogg, G.W. Bawden, T. Bernardin, M. Billen, E. Cowgill, B. Hamann, M. Jadamec, O. Kreylos, O. Staadt, D. Sumner
2008, Pure and Applied Geophysics (165) 621-633
The geological sciences are challenged to manage and interpret increasing volumes of data as observations and simulations increase in size and complexity. For example, simulations of earthquake-related processes typically generate complex, time-varying data sets in two or more dimensions. To facilitate interpretation and analysis of these data sets, evaluate the...
Ages and inferred causes of late Pleistocene glaciations on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i
J.S. Pigati, M. Zreda, C. Zweck, P.F. Almasi, D. Elmore, W.D. Sharp
2008, Journal of Quaternary Science (23) 683-702
Glacial landforms on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i, show that the summit area of the volcano was covered intermittently by ice caps during the Late Pleistocene. Cosmogen 36Cl dating of terminal moraines and other glacial landforms indicates that the last two ice caps, called Older Makanaka and Younger Makanaka, retreated from their...
Great-earthquake paleogeodesy and tsunamis of the past 2000 years at Alsea Bay, central Oregon coast, USA
A.R. Nelson, Y. Sawai, A. E. Jennings, L. A. Bradley, L. Gerson, B.L. Sherrod, J. Sabean, B. P. Horton
2008, Quaternary Science Reviews (27) 747-768
The width of plate-boundary fault rupture at the Cascadia subduction zone, a dimension related to earthquake magnitude, remains uncertain because of the lack of quantitative information about land-level movements during past great-earthquake deformation cycles. Beneath a marsh at Alsea Bay, on the central Oregon coast, four sheets of tsunami-deposited sand...
Predictions for an invaded world: A strategy to predict the distribution of native and non-indigenous species at multiple scales
D.A. Reusser, H. Lee II
2008, Conference Paper, ICES Journal of Marine Science
Habitat models can be used to predict the distributions of marine and estuarine non-indigenous species (NIS) over several spatial scales. At an estuary scale, our goal is to predict the estuaries most likely to be invaded, but at a habitat scale, the goal is to predict the specific locations within...
A new species of Henneguya (myxozoa) in the big-eyed scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) from Hawaii
Thierry M. Work, Geraldine Takata, Christopher M. Whipps, Michael L. Kent
2008, Journal of Parasitology (94) 524-529
We describe a new myxozoan, Henneguya akule n. sp., infecting the carangid fish Selar crumenophthalmus in Hawaii. Spores were found only in the aortic bulb, characterized by elliptical capsule with 2 tails, and pyriform polar capsules that angled toward the anterior end of the spore. Polar filaments had 3–4 coils. Parasites were present in...
Space and habitat use by black bears in the Elwha valley prior to dam removal
K.A. Sager-Fradkin, K.J. Jenkins, P.J. Happe, J.J. Beecham, R.G. Wright, R.A. Hoffman
2008, Northwest Science (82) 164-178
Dam removal and subsequent restoration of salmon to the Elwha River is expected to cause a shift in nutrient dynamics within the watershed. To document how this influx of nutrients and energy may affect black bear (Ursus americanus) ecology, we used radio-telemetry to record movements of 11 male and two...
Redox processes and water quality of selected principal aquifer systems
P.B. McMahon, F. H. Chapelle
2008, Ground Water (46) 259-271
Reduction/oxidation (redox) conditions in 15 principal aquifer (PA) systems of the United States, and their impact on several water quality issues, were assessed from a large data base collected by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the USGS. The logic of these assessments was based on the observed ecological succession...
Effect of well disinfection on arsenic in ground water
M. Gotkowitz, K. Ellickson, A. Clary, G. Bowman, J. Standridge, W. Sonzogni
2008, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (28) 60-67
Domestic water wells are routinely subjected to in situ chemical disinfection treatments to control nuisance or pathogenic bacteria. Most treatments are chlorine based and presumably cause strongly oxidizing conditions in the wellbore. Water resource managers in Wisconsin were concerned that such treatments might facilitate release of arsenic from sulfide minerals...
Mercury concentrations in salmonids from western U.S. National Parks and relationships with age and macrophage aggregates
A.R. Schwindt, J.W. Fournie, D.H. Landers, C.B. Schreck, M.L. Kent
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 1365-1370
Mercury accumulation in aquatic foodwebs and its effects on aquatic biota are of growing concern both for the health of the fish and the piscivores that prey upon them. This is of particular concern for western U.S. National Parks because it is known that mountainous and Arctic areas are sinks...
Fall diets of alewife, rainbow smelt, and slimy sculpin in the profundal zone of southern Lake Ontario during 1994-2005 with an emphasis on occurrence of Mysis relicta
M. G. Walsh, R. O'Gorman, T. Strang, W.H. Edwards, L. G. Rudstam
2008, Conference Paper, Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management
In Lake Ontario, factors including the collapse of the burrowing amphipod, Diporeia spp., changes in the distribution and composition of the prey fish community, and occurrence of exotic cladocerans Bythotrephes longimanus and Cercopagis pengoi have led to changes in predation pressure on the remaining native profundal macroinvertebrate, Mysis relicta. We...
Occurrence, distribution and transport of pesticides into the Salton Sea Basin, California, 2001-2002
L.A. LeBlanc, K.M. Kuivila
2008, Hydrobiologia (604) 151-172
The Salton Sea is a hypersaline lake located in southeastern California. Concerns over the ecological impacts of sediment quality and potential human exposure to dust emissions from exposed lakebed sediments resulting from anticipated shrinking of shoreline led to a study of pesticide distribution and transport within the Salton Sea Basin,...
Analytical validation of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for Pan-American lineage H7 subtype Avian influenza viruses
Erica Spackman, Hon S. Ip, D.L. Suarez, R.D. Slemons, D.E. Stallknecht
2008, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (20) 612-616
A real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for the identification of the H7 subtype in North American Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) was first reported in 2002; however, recent AIV surveillance efforts in wild birds and H7 outbreaks in poultry demonstrated that the 2002 test did not detect all H7...
Phytolacca americana from contaminated and noncontaminated soils of South Korea: Effects of elevated temperature, CO2 and simulated acid rain on plant growth response
Y.-O. Kim, R. J. Rodriguez, E.J. Lee, R. S. Redman
2008, Journal of Chemical Ecology (34) 1501-1509
Chemical analyses performed on the invasive weed Phytolacca americana (pokeweed) growing in industrially contaminated (Ulsan) and noncontaminated (Suwon) sites in South Korea indicated that the levels of phenolic compounds and various elements that include some heavy metals (Al, As, B, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were...
Optically stimulated luminescence age controls on late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal lithosomes, North Carolina, USA
D. Mallinson, K. Burdette, S. Mahan, G. Brook
2008, Quaternary Research (69) 97-109
Luminescence ages from a variety of coastal features on the North Carolina Coastal Plain provide age control for shoreline formation and relative sea-level position during the late Pleistocene. A series of paleoshoreline ridges, dating to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5a and MIS 3 have been defined. The Kitty Hawk beach...
Temporal evolution of continental lithospheric strength in actively deforming regions
W. Thatcher, F. F. Pollitz
2008, GSA Today (18) 4-11
It has been agreed for nearly a century that a strong, load-bearing outer layer of earth is required to support mountain ranges, transmit stresses to deform active regions and store elastic strain to generate earthquakes. However the dept and extent of this strong layer remain controversial. Here we use a...
Change in the forested and developed landscape of the Lake Tahoe basin, California and Nevada, USA, 1940-2002
C.G. Raumann, Mary E. Cablk
2008, Forest Ecology and Management (255) 3424-3439
The current ecological state of the Lake Tahoe basin has been shaped by significant landscape-altering human activity and management practices since the mid-1850s; first through widespread timber harvesting from the 1850s to 1920s followed by urban development from the 1950s to the present. Consequences of landscape change, both from development...
Desert bird associations with broad-scale boundary length: Applications in avian conservation
K.J. Gutzwiller, W.C. Barrow Jr.
2008, Journal of Applied Ecology (45) 873-882
1. Current understanding regarding the effects of boundaries on bird communities has originated largely from studies of forest-non-forest boundaries in mesic systems. To assess whether broad-scale boundary length can affect bird community structure in deserts, and to identify patterns and predictors of species' associations useful in avian conservation, we studied...
Challenges of DNA-based mark-recapture studies of American black bears
K.E. Settlage, F.T. Van Manen, J. D. Clark, T.L. King
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 1035-1042
We explored whether genetic sampling would be feasible to provide a region-wide population estimate for American black bears (Ursus americanus) in the southern Appalachians, USA. Specifically, we determined whether adequate capture probabilities (p >0.20) and population estimates with a low coefficient of variation (CV <20%) could be achieved given typical agency...
