Crustal structure of Wrangellia and adjacent terranes inferred from geophysical studies along a transect through the northern Talkeetna Mountains
J.M.G. Glen, J. Schmidt, L. Pellerin, D.K. McPhee, J.M. O’Neill
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 21-41
Recent investigations of the Talkeetna Mountains in south-central Alaska were undertaken to study the region's framework geophysics and to reinterpret structures and crustal composition. Potential field (gravity and magnetic) and magnetotelluric (MT) data were collected along northwest-trending profiles as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Talkeetna Mountains transect project. The...
Fatty acid signatures of stomach oil and adipose tissue of northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) in Alaska: Implications for diet analysis of Procellariiform birds
S.W. Wang, S.J. Iverson, A.M. Springer, Scott A. Hatch
2007, Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology (177) 893-903
Procellariiforms are unique among seabirds in storing dietary lipids in both adipose tissue and stomach oil. Thus, both lipid sources are potentially useful for trophic studies using fatty acid (FA) signatures. However, little is known about the relationship between FA signatures in stomach oil and adipose tissue of individuals or...
A critical assessment of the Burning Index in Los Angeles County, California
F.P. Schoenberg, H.-C. Chang, Jon E. Keeley, J. Pompa, J. Woods, H. Xu
2007, International Journal of Wildland Fire (16) 473-483
The Burning Index (BI) is commonly used as a predictor of wildfire activity. An examination of data on the BI and wildfires in Los Angeles County, California, from January 1976 to December 2000 reveals that although the BI is positively associated with wildfire occurrence, its predictive value is quite limited....
Habitat use of Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) in Elk River, West Virginia
E.A. Osier, S.A. Welsh
2007, Northeastern Naturalist (14) 447-460
Etheostoma maculatum (Spotted Darter) has a disjunct distribution within the Ohio River drainage. Researchers have generalized Spotted Darter habitat as large rocks in swift riffles. In West Virginia, Spotted Darters are known to occur only in the middle section of the Elk River system. Information on habitat use is lacking....
Effects of depth and crayfish size on predation risk and foraging profitability of a lotic crayfish
C.A. Flinders, D.D. Magoulick
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 767-778
We conducted field surveys and experiments to determine whether observed distributions of crayfish among habitats were influenced by differential resource availability, foraging profitability, and predation rates and whether these factors differed with crayfish size and habitat depth. We sampled available food resources (detritus and invertebrates) and shelter as rock substrate...
Downhole measurements in the AND-1B borehole, ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica
R. Morin, T. Williams, S. Henrys, T. Crosby, D. Hansaraj
2007, Terra Antarctica (14) 167-174
A comprehensive set of downhole measurements was collected in the AND-1B drillhole as part of the on-ice scientific programme defined for the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) Project. Geophysical logs were recorded over two operation phases and consisted of calliper, temperature, fluid conductivity, induction resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, natural gamma activity, acoustic...
Comparison of fate and transport of isoxaflutole to atrazine and metolachlor in 10 Iowa rivers
Michael T. Meyer, Elisabeth A. Scribner, Stephen J. Kalkhoff
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 6933-6939
Isoxaflutole (IXF), a newer low application rate herbicide, was introduced for weed control in corn (Zea mays) to use as an alternative to widely applied herbicides such as atrazine. The transport of IXF in streamwater has not been well-studied. The fate and transport of IXF and two of its degradation...
Incidence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in human and animal fecal sources
R.L. Whitman, K. Przybyla-Kelly, D.A. Shively, M.N. Byappanahalli
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 6090-6095
The occurrence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in the opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium is well-documented in clinical research. Recently, the esp gene has been proposed as a marker of human pollution in environmental waters; however, information on its relative incidence in various human and animal...
Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment
H. Sawyer, R. M. Nielson, F.G. Lindzey, L. Keith, J.H. Powell, A.A. Abraham
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 868-874
Recent expansions by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) into nonforested habitats across the Intermountain West have required managers to reconsider the traditional paradigms of forage and cover as they relate to managing elk and their habitats. We examined seasonal habitat selection patterns of a hunted elk population in a nonforested...
Larval feeding behavior and ant association in frosted elfin, Callophrys irus (Lycaenidae)
G. Albanese, M.W. Nelson, P.D. Vickery, P.R. Sievert
2007, Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society (61) 61-66
Callophrys irus is a rare and declining lycaenid found in the eastern U.S., inhabiting xeric and open habitats maintained by disturbance. Populations are localized and monophagous. We document a previously undescribed larval feeding behavior in both field and lab reared larvae in which late instar larvae girdled the main stem...
Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States
Z. Wang
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 363-374
Although the causes of large intraplate earthquakes are still not fully understood, they pose certain hazard and risk to societies. Estimating hazard and risk in these regions is difficult because of lack of earthquake records. The New Madrid seismic zone is one such region where large and rare intraplate earthquakes...
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
K.C. Pause, C. Nourisson, A. Clark, M.E. Kellogg, R. K. Bonde, P.M. McGuire
2007, Molecular Ecology Notes (7) 1073-1076
Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) are marine mammals that inhabit the coastal waters and rivers of the southeastern USA, primarily Florida. Previous studies have shown that Florida manatees have low mitochondrial DNA variability, suggesting that nuclear DNA loci are necessary for discriminatory analyses. Here we report 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci...
Strategies for survival: Stellar sea lions, harbor seals and sea otters Chapter 4.9
Alan M. Springer, Sara J. Iverson, James L. Bodkin
Robert B. Spies, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Long-Term Ecological Change in the Northern Gulf of Alaska
Human enteric viruses in groundwater from a confined bedrock aquifer
M. A. Borchardt, K. R. Bradbury, M.B. Gotkowitz, J. A. Cherry, B.L. Parker
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 6606-6612
Confined aquifers are overlain by low-permeability aquitards that are commonly assumed to protect underlying aquifers from microbial contaminants. However, empirical data on microbial contamination beneath aquitards is limited. This study determined the occurrence of human pathogenic viruses in well water from a deep sandstone aquifer confined by a regionally extensive...
THEMIS observes possible cave skylights on Mars
Glen Cushing, Timothy N. Titus, J. Judson Wynne, P. R. Christensen
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Seven possible skylight entrances into Martian caves were observed on and around the flanks of Arsia Mons by the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS). Distinct from impact craters, collapse pits or any other surface feature on Mars, these candidates appear to be deep dark holes at visible wavelengths...
Talc-bearing serpentinite and the creeping section of the San Andreas fault
Diane E. Moore, M. J. Rymer
2007, Nature (448) 795-797
The section of the San Andreas fault located between Cholame Valley and San Juan Bautista in central California creeps at a rate as high as 28 mm yr-1 (ref. <a id="ref-link-section-d91208880e316" title="Titus, S. J., DeMets, C. & Tikoff, B. Thirty-five-year creep rates for the creeping segment of the San Andreas...
Effects of imposed salinity gradients on dissimilatory arsenate reduction, sulfate reduction, and other microbial processes in sediments from two California soda lakes
T.R. Kulp, S. Han, C.W. Saltikov, B.D. Lanoil, K. Zargar, Ron Oremland
2007, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (73) 5130-5137
Salinity effects on microbial community structure and on potential rates of arsenate reduction, arsenite oxidation, sulfate reduction, denitrification, and methanogenesis were examined in sediment slurries from two California soda lakes. We conducted experiments with Mono Lake and Searles Lake sediments over a wide range of salt concentrations...
Joint inversion of high-frequency surface waves with fundamental and higher modes
Y. Luo, J. Xia, J. Liu, Q. Liu, S. Xu
2007, Journal of Applied Geophysics (62) 375-384
Joint inversion of multimode surface waves for estimating the shear (S)-wave velocity has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we first analyze sensitivity of phase velocities of multimodes of surface waves for a six-layer earth model, and then we invert surface-wave dispersion curves of the theoretical model...
Characteristics of vesicomyid clams and their environment at the Blake Ridge cold seep, South Carolina, USA
Taylor P. Heyl, William P. Gilhooly III, Randolph M. Chambers, George W. Gilchrist, Stephen A. Macko, Carolyn D. Ruppel, Cindy L. Van Dover
2007, Marine Ecology Progress Series (339) 169-184
Spatial distributions and patchiness of dominant megafaunal invertebrates in deep-sea seep environments may indicate heterogeneities in the flux of reduced chemical compounds. At the Blake Ridge seep off South Carolina, USA, the invertebrate assemblage includes dense populations of live vesicomyid clams (an undescribed species) as well as extensive clam shell...
High arsenic concentrations and enriched sulfur and oxygen isotopes in a fractured-bedrock ground-water system
G. Lipfert, W.C. Sidle, A.S. Reeve, R. A. Ayuso, A.J. Boyce
2007, Chemical Geology (242) 385-399
Ground water with high arsenic concentrations (up to 26.6????mol L- 1) has sulfate enriched in 34S and 18O in the fractured-bedrock, ground-water system of the Kelly's Cove watershed, Northport, Maine, USA. The ranges of sulfur and oxygen isotope values in aqueous sulfate, ??34S[SO4] and ??18O[SO4], at the Kelly's Cove watershed...
Data access and dissemination for emergency response and long-term recovery efforts related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Scott Wilson, Chris Cretini
2007, Circular 1306-4B
The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) responded to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita by providing geospatial support to Federal, State, and local partners. The NWRC used its data and information management systems to deliver aerial photography and maps to emergency responders in a time of critical need....
Current and Future Science Plans for Restoring a Resilient Coast
2007, Circular 1306-8A
The overarching goal of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gulf Coast science in the aftermath of the 2005 hurricane season will be to provide the scientific information, knowledge, and tools required to ensure that decisions about coastal land resource use, management practices, and future development in the coastal zone and adjacent...
Dynamic in-lake spawning migrations by female sockeye salmon
Daniel B. Young, C.A. Woody
2007, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (16) 155-164
Precise homing by salmon to natal habitats is considered the primary mechanism in the evolution of population-specific traits, yet few studies have focused on this final phase of their spawning migration. We radio tagged 157 female sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) as they entered Lake Clark, Alaska, and tracked them every...
Return to the wild: Translocation as a tool in conservation of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)
K.J. Field, C.R. Tracy, P.A. Medica, R.W. Marlow, P.S. Corn
2007, Biological Conservation (136) 232-245
Translocation could be used as a tool in conservation of the threatened Mojave Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) by moving individuals from harm's way and into areas where they could contribute to conservation of the species. Numerous factors may affect the success of translocations, including the conditions experienced by tortoises in...
Biological uptake of polychlorinated biphenyls by Macoma balthica from sediment amended with activated carbon
Pamela B. McLeod, Martine J. van den Heuvel-Greve, S. N. Luoma, R.G. Luthy
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 980-987
This work characterizes the efficacy of activated carbon amendment in reducing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) bioavailability to clams (Macoma balthica) from field-contaminated sediment (Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Bay, CA, USA). Test methods were developed for the use of clams to investigate the effects of...
