Distinguishing wild vs. stocked lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Ontario: Evidence from carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of otoliths
T. Schaner, W.P. Patterson, B.F. Lantry, R. O'Gorman
2007, Journal of Great Lakes Research (33) 912-916
We investigated the potential for using carbon and oxygen isotope values of otolith carbonate as a method to distinguish naturally produced (wild) lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from hatchery-reared lake trout in Lake Ontario. We determined δ 13C(CaCO3) and δ 18O(CaCO3) values of otoliths from juvenile fish taken from two hatcheries, and of otoliths from...
Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems
Jacob A. Covault, William R. Normark, Brian W. Romans, Stephan A. Graham
2007, Geology (35) 783-786
Contrary to widely used sequence-stratigraphic models, lowstand fans are only part of the turbidite depositional record; our analysis reveals that a comparable volume of coarse-grained sediment has been deposited in California borderland deep-water basins regardless of sea level. Sedimentation rates and periods of...
Microearthquake streaks and seismicity triggered by slow earthquakes on the mobile south flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i
Cecily J. Wolfe, Benjamin A. Brooks, James H. Foster, Paul G. Okubo
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
We perform waveform cross correlation and high precision relocation of both background seismicity and seismicity triggered by periodic slow earthquakes at Kilauea Volcano's mobile south flank. We demonstrate that the triggered seismicity dominantly occurs on several preexisting fault zones at the Hilina region. Regardless of the velocity model employed, the...
Organic contaminants in onsite wastewater treatment systems
K.E. Conn, R.L. Siegrist, L. B. Barber, G.K. Brown
2007, Conference Paper, ASABE - Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems XI, Proceedings of the 11th National Symposium
Wastewater from thirty onsite wastewater treatment systems was sampled during a reconnaissance field study to quantify bulk parameters and the occurrence of organic wastewater contaminants including endocrine disrupting compounds in treatment systems representing a variety of wastewater sources and treatment processes and their receiving environments. Bulk parameters ranged in concentrations...
Effect of an offshore sinkhole perforation in a coastal confined aquifer on submarine groundwater discharge
S.E. Fratesi, V. Leonard, W. E. Sanford
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
In order to explore submarine groundwater discharge in the vicinity of karst features that penetrate the confining layer of an offshore, partially confined aquifer, we constructed a three-dimensional groundwater model using the SUTRA (Saturated-Unsaturated TRAnsport) variable-density groundwater flow model. We ran a parameter sensitivity analysis, testing the effects of recharge...
Forecasting probabilistic seismic shaking for greater Tokyo from 400 years of intensity observations
S.B. Bozkurt, R.S. Stein, S. Toda
2007, Earthquake Spectra (23) 525-546
The long recorded history of earthquakes in Japan affords an opportunity to forecast seismic shaking exclusively from past shaking. We calculate the time-averaged (Poisson) probability of severe shaking by using more than 10,000 intensity observations recorded since AD 1600 in a 350 km-wide box centered on Tokyo. Unlike other hazard-assessment...
Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers
Christian E. Zimmerman, Laura M. Zabkar
2007, Book chapter, Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations.
Weirs—which function as porous barriers built across stream—have long been used to capture migrating fish in flowing waters. For example, the Netsilik peoples of northern Canada used V-shaped weirs constructed of river rocks gathered onsite to capture migrating Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Balikci 1970). Similarly, fences constructed of stakes and...
Acid rain effects on aluminum mobilization clarified by inclusion of strong organic acids
G.B. Lawrence, J.W. Sutherland, C.W. Boylen, S. W. Nierzwicki-Bauer, B. Momen, Barry P. Baldigo, H. A. Simonin
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 93-98
Assessments of acidic deposition effects on aquatic ecosystems have often been hindered by complications from naturally occurring organic acidity. Measurements of pH and ANCG, the most commonly used indicators of chemical effects, can be substantially influenced by the presence of organic acids. Relationships between pH and inorganic Al, which is...
Characterising reef fish populations and habitats within and outside the US Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument: A lesson in marine protected area design
Mark E. Monaco, A. M. Friedlander, Chris Caldow, J.D. Christensen, C. Rogers, J. Beets, J. Miller, Rafe Boulon
2007, Fisheries Management and Ecology (14) 33-40
Marine protected areas are an important tool for management of marine ecosystems. Despite their utility, ecological design criteria are often not considered or feasible to implement when establishing protected areas. In 2001, the Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument (VICRNM) in St John, US Virgin Islands was established by Executive...
Factors that influence the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal
J. Xue, Gaisheng Liu, Z. Niu, C. L. Chou, C. Qi, Lingyun Zheng, H. Zhang
2007, Energy and Fuels (21) 881-890
Coal samples and carbonaceous mudstone were collected from the Huaibei coalfield, China, and experiments investigating the factors influencing the extraction of the sixteen US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were carried out. Different extraction times, solvents, and methods were used. Major interest was focused on finding...
Relationships between reef fish communities and remotely sensed rugosity measurements in Biscayne National Park, Florida, USA
Ilsa B. Kuffner, John Brock, Rikki Grober-Dunsmore, Victor E. Bonito, T. Donald Hickey, C. Wayne Wright
2007, Environmental Biology of Fishes (78) 71-82
The realization that coral reef ecosystem management must occur across multiple spatial scales and habitat types has led scientists and resource managers to seek variables that are easily measured over large areas and correlate well with reef resources. Here we investigate the utility of new technology in airborne laser surveying...
Seasonal variation in nutrient retention during inundation of a short-hydroperiod floodplain
G.B. Noe, C.R. Hupp
2007, River Research and Applications (23) 1088-1101
Floodplains are generally considered to be important locations for nutrient retention or inorganic-to-organic nutrient conversions in riverine ecosystems. However, little is known about nutrient processing in short-hydroperiod floodplains or seasonal variation in floodplain nutrient retention. Therefore, we quantified the net uptake, release or transformation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and...
Sandhill crane abundance and nesting ecology at Grays Lake, Idaho
J. E. Austin, A.R. Henry, I.J. Ball
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 1067-1079
We examined population size and factors influencing nest survival of greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) at Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Idaho, USA, during 1997-2000. Average local population of cranes from late April to early May, 1998-2000, was 735 cranes, 34% higher than that reported for May 1970-1971. We...
Brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater, parasitism and abundance in the northern Great Plains
L.D. Igl, Douglas H. Johnson
2007, Canadian Field-Naturalist (121) 239-255
The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) reaches its highest abundance in the northern Great Plains, but much of our understanding of cowbird ecology and host-parasite interactions comes from areas outside of this region. We examine cowbird brood parasitism and densities during two studies of breeding birds in the northern Great Plains...
Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests
Rodney D. Boertje, Kalin A. Kellie, C. Tom Seaton, Mark A. Keech, Donald D. Young, Bruce W. Dale, Layne G. Adams, Andrew R. Aderman
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 1494-1506
We focused on describing low nutritional status in an increasing moose (Alces alces gigas) population with reduced predation in Game Management Unit (GMU) 20A near Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. A skeptical public disallowed liberal antlerless harvests of this moose population until we provided convincing data on low nutritional status. We ranked...
Anaerobic biodegradation and hydrogeochemical controls on natural attenuation of trichloroethene in an inland forested wetland
M.M. Lorah, L.J. Dyer, D.R. Burris
2007, Bioremediation Journal (11) 85-102
Anaerobic biodegradation was conducted in a forested wetland where a plume of trichloroethylene discharges from a sand aquifer through organic-rich wetland and stream-bottom sediments. The rapid response of the wetland hydrology to precipitation events altered groundwater flow and geochemistry during wet conditions in the spring compared to the drier conditions...
Responses of California Brown Pelicans to disturbances at a large Oregon roost
Sadie K. Wright, D.D. Roby, R.G. Anthony
2007, Waterbirds (30) 479-487
Numbers of California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) along the coast of Oregon and Washington have increased sharply in recent years. We identified East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary as the site of the largest pelican roost within this region. Numbers of pelicans roosting on East Sand Island...
Fluid chemistry and evolution of hydrothermal fluids in an Archaean transcrustal fault zone network: The case of the Cadillac Tectonic Zone, Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada
P. Neumayr, S.G. Hagemann, D.A. Banks, B.W.D. Yardley, J.-F. Couture, G. P. Landis, R. Rye
2007, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (44) 745-773
Detailed fluid geochemistry studies on hydrothermal quartz veins from the Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d'Or areas along the transcrustal Cadillac Tectonic Zone (CTZ) indicate that unmineralized (with respect to gold) sections of the CTZ contained a distinct CO2-dominated, H2S-poor hydrothermal fluid. In contrast, both gold mineralized sections of the CTZ (e.g., at...
Regression models for estimating coseismic landslide displacement
R.W. Jibson
2007, Engineering Geology (91) 209-218
Newmark's sliding-block model is widely used to estimate coseismic slope performance. Early efforts to develop simple regression models to estimate Newmark displacement were based on analysis of the small number of strong-motion records then available. The current availability of a much larger set of strong-motion records dictates that these regression...
Juvenile blue crab abundances in natural and man-made tidal channels in mangrove habitat, Tampa Bay, Florida (USA)
L.A. Yeager, J.M. Krebs, C.C. McIvor, A.B. Brame
2007, Conference Paper, Bulletin of Marine Science
[No abstract available]...
Costimulatory receptors in jawed vertebrates: Conserved CD28, odd CTLA4 and multiple BTLAs
D. Bernard, J.D. Hansen, Pasquier L. Du, M.-P. Lefranc, A. Benmansour, P. Boudinot
2007, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (31) 255-271
CD28 family of costimulatory receptors is comprised of molecules with a single V-type extracellular Ig domain, a transmembrane and an intracytoplasmic region with signaling motifs. CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) homologs have been recently identified in rainbow trout. Other sequences similar to mammalian CD28 family members have now...
Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved
C.S. Hamblen, D.T. Soong, X. Cai
2007, Conference Paper, Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006
Mapping floodplain boundaries using geographical information system (GIS) and digital elevation models (DEMs) was completed in a recent study. However convenient this method may appear at first, the resulting maps potentially can have unaccounted errors. Mapping the floodplain using GIS is faster than mapping manually, and digital mapping is expected...
Changes in a northwestern Florida gulf coast herpetofaunal community over a 28-y period
C.K. Dodd Jr., W.J. Barichivich, S. A. Johnson, J.S. Staiger
2007, American Midland Naturalist (158) 29-48
Population declines of amphibians and reptiles throughout the world have led to the initiation of projects to monitor their status and trends. Historical collections give an indication of which species occurred in an area at one time, although the ambiguity surrounding locations and environmental conditions associated with collection decreases the...
Geologic framework of the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Barnett-Paleozoic total petroleum system, Bend arch-Fort Worth Basin, Texas
R. M. Pollastro, D.M. Jarvie, R.J. Hill, C.W. Adams
2007, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (91) 405-436
This article describes the primary geologic characteristics and criteria of the Barnett Shale and Barnett-Paleozoic total petroleum system (TPS) of the Fort Worth Basin used to define two geographic areas of the Barnett Shale for petroleum resource assessment. From these two areas, referred to as "assessment units," the U.S. Geological...
Nature, diversity of deposit types and metallogenic relations of South China
K. Zaw, S. G. Peters, P. Cromie, C. Burrett, Z. Hou
2007, Ore Geology Reviews (31) 3-47
The South China Region is rich in mineral resources and has a wide diversity of deposit types. The region has undergone multiple tectonic and magmatic events and related metallogenic processes throughout the earth history. These tectonic and metallogenic processes were responsible for the formation of the diverse styles of base...
