Effect of horseshoe crab spawning density on nest disturbance and exhumation of eggs: A simulation study
D. R. Smith
2007, Estuaries and Coasts (30) 287-295
Because the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) population is managed to provide for dependent species, such as migratory shorebirds, there is a need to understand the process of egg exhumation and to predict eggs available to foraging shorebirds. A simple spatial model was used to simulate horseshoe crab spawning...
Year-class formation of upper St. Lawrence River northern pike
B.M. Smith, J.M. Farrell, H.B. Underwood, S.J. Smith
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 481-491
Variables associated with year-class formation in upper St. Lawrence River northern pike Esox lucius were examined to explore population trends. A partial least-squares (PLS) regression model (PLS 1) was used to relate a year-class strength index (YCSI; 1974-1997) to explanatory variables associated with spawning and nursery areas (seasonal water level...
Compositional zoning of the Bishop Tuff
W. Hildreth, C. J. N. Wilson
2007, Journal of Petrology (48) 951-999
Compositional data for >400 pumice clasts, organized according to eruptive sequence, crystal content, and texture, provide new perspectives on eruption and pre-eruptive evolution of the >600 km3 of zoned rhyolitic magma ejected as the Bishop Tuff during formation of Long Valley caldera. Proportions and compositions of different pumice types are given for...
Variation in winter diet of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears inferred from stable isotope analysis
T.W. Bentzen, Erich H. Follmann, Steven C. Amstrup, G.S. York, M. J. Wooller, T. M. O'Hara
2007, Canadian Journal of Zoology (85) 596-608
Ringed seals (Phoca hispida Schreber, 1775 = Pusa hispida (Schreber, 1775)) and bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus (Erxleben, 1777)) represent the majority of the polar bear (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) annual diet. However, remains of lower trophic level bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus L., 1758) are available in the southern Beaufort Sea and their dietary contribution to polar...
Ambiguous taxa: Effects on the characterization and interpretation of invertebrate assemblages
T. F. Cuffney, Michael D. Bilger, A.M. Haigler
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 286-307
Damaged and immature specimens often result in macroinvertebrate data that contain ambiguous parent-child pairs (i.e., abundances associated with multiple related levels of the taxonomic hierarchy such as Baetis pluto and the associated ambiguous parent Baetis sp.). The choice of method used to resolve ambiguous parent-child pairs may have a very...
Using a coupled eco-hydrodynamic model to predict habitat for target species following dam removal
C.A. Tomsic, T.C. Granata, R.P. Murphy, C.J. Livchak
2007, Ecological Engineering (30) 215-230
A habitat suitability index (HSI) model was developed for a water quality sensitive fish (Greater Redhorse) and macroinvertebrate (Plecoptera) species to determine the restoration success of the St. John Dam removal for the Sandusky River (Ohio). An ArcGIS?? model was created for pre- and post-dam removal scenarios. Inputs to the...
Occurrence of pesticides in water, sediment, and soil from the Yolo Bypass, California
Kelly L. Smalling, James L. Orlando, Kathryn Kuivila
2007, San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science (5)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential sources of pesticides to the Yolo Bypass, including those that could potentially impact critical life stages of resident fish. To assess direct inputs during inundation, pesticide concentrations were analyzed in water and suspended and bed sediment samples collected from source...
A new, large, late pleistocene demosponge from Southeastern Florida
J.K. Rigby, K.J. Cunningham
2007, Journal of Paleontology (81) 788-793
[No abstract available]...
A simple model for the spatially-variable coastal response to hurricanes
H.F. Stockdon, A. H. Sallenger Jr., R.A. Holman, P.A. Howd
2007, Marine Geology (238) 1-20
The vulnerability of a beach to extreme coastal change during a hurricane can be estimated by comparing the relative elevations of storm-induced water levels to those of the dune or berm. A simple model that defines the coastal response based on these elevations was used to hindcast the potential impact...
Trends of brominated diphenyl ethers in fresh and archived Great Lakes fish (1979-2005)
Stuart Batterman, Sergei Chernyak, Erica Gwynn, David Cantonwine, Chunrong Jia, Linda J. Begnoche, James P. Hickey
2007, Chemosphere (69) 444-457
While few environmental measurements of brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) were completed prior to the mid-1990s, analysis of appropriately archived samples might enable the determination of contaminant trends back to the introduction of these chemicals. In this paper, we first investigate the stability of BDEs in archived frozen and extracted fish...
Arsenic speciation in arsenic-rich Brazilian soils from gold mining sites under anaerobic incubation
J. W. V. De Mello, J.L. Talbott, J. Scott, William R. Roy, J.W. Stucki
2007, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (14) 388-396
Background. Arsenic speciation in environmental samples is essential for studying toxicity, mobility and bio-transformation of As in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Although the inorganic species As(III) and As(V) have been considered dominant in soils and sediments, organisms are able to metabolize inorganic forms of arsenic into organo-arsenic compounds. Arsenosugars and...
Alaskan birds at risk: Widespread beak deformities in resident species
Caroline R. Van Hemert
2007, Birding (39) 48-55
The team creeps silently across a well-tended lawn, eyes drawn to a small wooden box perched several meters up a lone birch tree. The first biologist is armed with a broom in one hand and a bug net in the other. Her partner wields a lunchbox-sized plastic case and a...
Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories
B. Freeman, L.G. Nico, M. Osentoski, H.L. Jelks, T.M. Collins
2007, Zootaxa 1-38
Piranhas and their relatives have proven to be a challenging group from a systematic perspective, with difficulties in identification of species, linking of juveniles to adults, diagnosis of genera, and recognition of higher-level clades. In this study we add new molecular data consisting of three mitochondrial regions for museum vouchered...
Biparental incubation in the chestnut-vented tit-babbler Parisoma subcaeruleum: Mates devote equal time, but males keep eggs warmer
S.K. Auer, R.D. Bassar, T. E. Martin
2007, Journal of Avian Biology (38) 278-283
Biparental care in birds is less common during incubation than in other nesting stages. Males share in incubating eggs in a minority of bird species, and male effort is generally thought to be lower than females when sharing does occur. However, male assistance and incubation efficacy is poorly studied in...
Coupling contaminants with demography: Effects of lead and selenium in Pacific common eiders
H.M. Wilson, Paul L. Flint, A.N. Powell
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1410-1417
We coupled intensive population monitoring with collection of blood samples from 383 nesting Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollisima v-nigrum) at two locations in Alaska (USA) from 2002 to 2004. We investigated annual, geographic, and within-season variation in blood concentrations of lead and selenium; compared exposure patterns with sympatrically nesting spectacled...
Large-scale causes of variation in the serpentine vegetation of California
J.B. Grace, H.D. Safford, S. Harrison
2007, Conference Paper, Plant and Soil
Serpentine vegetation in California ranges from forest to shrubland and grassland, harbors many rare and endemic species, and is only moderately altered by invasive exotic species at the present time. To better understand the factors regulating the distribution of common/representative species, endemic/rare species, and the threat of exotics in this...
Effect of tidal fluctuations on contaminant transfer to the ocean
I.L. Licata, C.D. Langevin, A.M. Dausman
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Variable-density groundwater flow was simulated to examine the effects that tide has on the coastward migration of a contaminant through a freshwater/saltwater interface and toward a coastal ocean boundary. Simulated ocean tides did not significantly affect the total contaminant mass input to the ocean; however, the difference in tidal and...
Response of the St. Joseph River to lake level changes during the last 12,000 years in the Lake Michigan basin
K.A. Kincare
2007, Journal of Paleolimnology (37) 383-394
The water level of the Lake Michigan basin is currently 177 m above sea level. Around 9,800 14C years B.P., the lake level in the Lake Michigan basin had dropped to its lowest level in prehistory, about 70 m above sea level. This low level (Lake Chippewa) had profound effects...
Dust deposition on the Mars Exploration Rover Panoramic Camera (Pancam) calibration targets
K.M. Kinch, J. Sohl-Dickstein, J.F. Bell III, J. R. Johnson, W. Goetz, G. A. Landis
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (112)
The Panoramic Camera (Pancam) on the Mars Exploration Rover mission has acquired in excess of 20,000 images of the Pancam calibration targets on the rovers. Analysis of this data set allows estimates of the rate of deposition and removal of aeolian dust on both rovers. During the first 150-170 sols...
Formation of tellurium nanocrystals during anaerobic growth of bacteria that use Te oxyanions as respiratory electron acceptors
Shaun M. Baesman, Thomas D. Bullen, J. Dewald, Donghui Zhang, S. Curran, F.S. Islam, T.J. Beveridge, Ronald S. Oremland
2007, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (73) 2135-2143
Certain toxic elements support the metabolism of diverse prokaryotes by serving as respiratory electron acceptors for growth. Here, we demonstrate that two anaerobes previously shown to be capable of respiring oxyanions of selenium also achieve growth by reduction of either tellurate [Te(VI)] or tellurite [Te(IV)] to elemental...
Influence of the diversion of Bear River into Bear Lake (Utah and Idaho) on the environment of deposition of carbonate minerals
W.E. Dean, R. M. Forester, Jordon Bright, R.Y. Anderson
2007, Limnology and Oceanography (52) 1094-1111
Bear River, the largest river in the Great Basin, had some of its flow diverted into Bear Lake through a series of canals constructed between 1911 and 1918, turning Bear Lake into a reservoir. The prediversion lake had an unusually high Mg2+ : Ca2+ ratio (38 by weight), which resulted...
Eutrophication study at the Panjiakou-Daheiting Reservoir system, northern Hebei Province, People's Republic of China: Chlorophyll-a model and sources of phosphorus and nitrogen
Joseph L. Domagalski, Chao Lin, Yang Luo, Jie Kang, Shaoming Wang, Larry R. Brown, Mark D. Munn
2007, Agricultural Water Management (94) 43-53
Concentrations, loads, and sources of nitrate and total phosphorus were investigated at the Panjiakou and Daheiting Reservoir system in northern Hebei Province, People's Republic of China. The Luan He River is the primary source of water to these reservoirs, and the upstream watershed has a mix of land uses including...
Occurrence and nest survival of four thrush species on a managed central Appalachian forest
R.L. Dellinger, P.B. Wood, P.D. Keyser
2007, Forest Ecology and Management (243) 248-258
The wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina Gmelin) is a species of concern in the central Appalachians, and is sympatric there with three related species, the American robin (Turdus migratorius Linnaeus), hermit thrush (Catharus guttatus Pallas), and veery (Catharus fuscescens Stephens). Our objectives were to quantify use of mature forests and areas...
Current-use pesticides and organochlorine compounds in precipitation and lake sediment from two high-elevation national parks in the Western United States
M.A. Mast, W.T. Foreman, S.V. Skaates
2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (52) 294-305
Current-use pesticides (CUPs) and banned organochlorine compounds (OCCs) were measured in precipitation (snowpack and rain) and lake sediments from two national parks in the Western United States to determine their occurrence and distribution in high-elevation environments. CUPs frequently detected in snow were endosulfan, dacthal, and chlorothalonil in concentrations ranging from...
Law of the sea, the continental shelf, and marine research
Deborah R. Hutchinson, Robert W. Rowland
2007, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (88) 237-240
The question of the amount of seabed to which a coastal nation is entitled is addressed in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This treaty, ratified by 153 nations and in force since 1994, specifies national obligations, rights, and jurisdiction in the oceans, and it...
