Relationships of cadmium, mercury, and selenium with nutrient reserves of female lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) during winter and spring migration
M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton, Christine M. Custer, T. W. Custer
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 515-520
Trace elements may have important effects on body condition of ducks during spring migration, because individuals are experiencing energetically costly events (e.g., migration, nutrient reserve accumulation, pair formation, feather molt, and ovarian follicle development). We examined relationships among hepatic cadmium, mercury, and selenium concentrations (microg/g dry wt) and nutrient reserves...
Late quaternary temperature record from buried soils of the North American Great Plains
L. Nordt, J. Von Fischer, L. Tieszen
2007, Geology (35) 159-162
We present the first comprehensive late Quaternary record of North American Great Plains temperature by assessing the behavior of the stable isotopic composition (δ13C) of buried soils. After examining the relationship between the δ13C of topsoil organic matter and July temperature from 61 native prairies within a latitudinal range of...
DIN retention-transport through four hydrologically connected zones in a headwater catchment of the Upper Mississippi River
F.J. Triska, J.H. Duff, R.W. Sheibley, A. P. Jackman, R.J. Avanzino
2007, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (43) 60-71
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) retention-transport through a headwater catchment was synthesized from studies encompassing four distinct hydrologic zones of the Shingobee River Headwaters near the origin of the Mississippi River. The hydrologic zones included: (1) hillslope ground water (ridge to bankside riparian); (2) alluvial...
Nutrient export from watersheds on Mt. Desert Island, maine, as a function of land use and fire history
M.G. Nielsen, J. S. Kahl
2007, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (126) 81-96
A study of 13 small (less than 7.5 km2) watersheds on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, was conducted from January 1999 to September 2000 to determine nutrient export delivery to coastal waters around the island, and to determine whether a series of wildfires in 1947 have affected nutrient export in burned...
Paleoecology of the Late Pennsylvanian-age Calhoun coal bed and implications for long-term dynamics of wetland ecosystems
Debra A. Willard, T.L. Phillips, Alicia D. Lesnikowska, William A. DiMichele
2007, International Journal of Coal Geology (69) 21-54
Quantitative plant assemblage data from coal balls, miospores, megaspores, and compression floras from the Calhoun coal bed (Missourian) of the Illinois Basin (USA) are used to interpret spatial and temporal changes in plant communities in the paleo-peat swamp. Coal-ball and miospore floras from the Calhoun coal bed are dominated strongly...
Mercury speciation in piscivorous fish from mining-impacted reservoirs
James S. Kuwabara, Yuji Arai, Brent R. Topping, I.J. Pickering, G.N. George
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 2745-2749
Guadalupe Reservoir (GUA), California, and Lahontan Reservoir (LAH), Nevada, U.S. are both affected either directly or indirectly by the legacy of gold and silver mining in the Sierra Nevada during the nineteenth century. Analysis of total mercury in fish from these lentic systems consistently indicate elevated concentrations (>1 μg·g-1 wet...
Calibrating a forest landscape model to simulate frequent fire in Mediterranean-type shrublands
A.D. Syphard, J. Yang, J. Franklin, H.S. He, Jon E. Keeley
2007, Environmental Modelling and Software (22) 1641-1653
In Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs), fire disturbance influences the distribution of most plant communities, and altered fire regimes may be more important than climate factors in shaping future MTE vegetation dynamics. Models that simulate the high-frequency fire and post-fire response strategies characteristic of these regions will be important tools for evaluating...
Trace analysis of trimethoprim and sulfonamide, macrolide, quinolone, and tetracycline antibiotics in chlorinated drinking water using liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry
Z. Ye, H.S. Weinberg, M. T. Meyer
2007, Analytical Chemistry (79) 1135-1144
A multirun analytical method has been developed and validated for trace determination of 24 antibiotics including 7 sulfonamides, 3 macrolides, 7 quinolones, 6 tetracyclines, and trimethoprim in chlorine-disinfected drinking water using a single solid-phase extraction method coupled to liquid chromatography with positive electrospray tandem mass spectrometry detection. The analytes were...
Ecological linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems: Transport of organic matter, invertebrates, and wood down headwater channels
M.S. Wipfli, J.S. Richardson, R.J. Naiman
2007, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (43) 72-85
Headwater streams make up a large proportion of the total length and watershed area of fluvial networks, and are partially characterized by the large volume of organic matter (large wood, detritus, and dissolved organic matter) and invertebrate inputs from the riparian forest, relative to stream size. Much of those inputs...
Marine mammal populations
Alan M. Springer, Sara J. Iverson, James L. Bodkin
Robert B. Spies, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Long-term ecological change in the northern Gulf of Alaska
No abstract available....
Strategies for survival: Marine mammals
Sara J. Iverson, Alan M. Springer, James L. Bodkin
Robert B. Spies, editor(s)
2007, Book chapter, Long-term ecological change in the northern Gulf of Alaska
No abstract available....
Interactions between slimy sculpin and trout: Slimy sculpin growth and diet in relation to native and nonnative trout
J. K. H. Zimmerman, B. Vondracek
2007, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (136) 1791-1800
To investigate whether introductions of nonnative trout affect growth and diet of nongame fish in small streams, we designed a field experiment to examine interactions between slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus and native brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis or nonnative brown trout Salmo trutta. We hypothesized that brown trout would compete with...
Evaluation of the status of anurans on a refuge in suburban Maryland
S.M. Brander, J. Andrew Royle, M. Eames
2007, Journal of Herpetology (41) 52-60
Because many anurans have well-defined breeding seasons and male anurans produce loud advertisement calls, surveys of these breeding choruses are believed to provide a dependable means of monitoring population trends. The Patuxent Research Refuge initiated such a calling survey in the spring of 1997, which uses volunteers to collect anuran...
Nesting and foraging behavior of red-winged blackbirds in stormwater wetlands
D. W. Sparling, J. Eisemann, W. Kuenzel
2007, Urban Ecosystems (10) 1-15
Stormwater wetlands are a common part of urban and suburban landscapes. These constructed wetlands provide first-order treatment of effluent from roads, parking lots, lawns and other surfaces. They also provide habitat for wetland-associated birds. Thus, there is a concern that birds may be attracted to potentially toxic habitats. This study...
Cascading events in linked ecological and socioeconomic systems
Debra P. C. Peters, O.E. Sala, Craig D. Allen, A. Covich, M. Brunson
2007, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (5) 221-224
Cascading events that start at small spatial scales and propagate non-linearly through time to influence larger areas often have major impacts on ecosystem goods and services. Events such as wildfires and hurricanes are increasing in frequency and magnitude as systems become more connected through globalization processes. We need to improve...
Tag return models allowing for harvest and catch and release: Evidence of environmental and management impacts on striped bass fishing and natural mortality rates
H. Jiang, K. H. Pollock, C. Brownie, J.M. Hoenig, R.J. Latour, B.K. Wells, J.E. Hightower
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 387-396
Catch-and-release fisheries have become very important in the management of overexploited recreational fish stocks. Tag return studies, where the tag is removed regardless of fish disposition, have been used to assess the effectiveness of restoration efforts for these fisheries. We extend the instantaneous rate formulation of tag return models to...
Influences of wildfire and channel reorganization on spatial and temporal variation in stream temperature and the distribution of fish and amphibians
J. B. Dunham, A.E. Rosenberger, C.H. Luce, B.E. Rieman
2007, Ecosystems (10) 335-346
Wildfire can influence a variety of stream ecosystem properties. We studied stream temperatures in relation to wildfire in small streams in the Boise River Basin, located in central Idaho, USA. To examine the spatio-temporal aspects of temperature in relation to wildfire, we employed three approaches: a pre-post fire comparison of...
Vapor transfer prior to the October 2004 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
A.J.R. Kent, J. Blundy, K. V. Cashman, K.M. Copper, C. Donnelly, John S. Pallister, M. Reagan, M.C. Rowe, Carl Thornber
2007, Geology (35) 231-234
Dome lavas from the 2004 eruption of Mount St. Helens show elevated Li contents in plagioclase phenocrysts at the onset of dome growth in October 2004. These cannot be explained by variations in plagioclase-melt partitioning, but require elevated Li contents in coexisting melt, a fact confirmed by measurements of Li...
Distribution and accumulation of mercury in tissues of captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks
K.P. Kenow, M.W. Meyer, R. K. Hines, W. H. Karasov
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1047-1055
We determined the distribution and accumulation of Hg in tissues of common loon (Gavia immer) chicks maintained for up to 15 weeks on either a control diet with no added methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) or one containing either 0.4 or 1.2 ??g Hg (as MeHgCl)/g wet-weight food. Total Hg and MeHg...
Role of hydrous iron oxide formation in attenuation and diel cycling of dissolved trace metals in a stream affected by acid rock drainage
Stephen R. Parker, Christopher H. Gammons, Clain A. Jones, David A. Nimick
2007, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (181) 247-263
Mining-impacted streams have been shown to undergo diel (24-h) fluctuations in concentrations of major and trace elements. Fisher Creek in south-central Montana, USA receives acid rock drainage (ARD) from natural and mining-related sources. A previous diel field study found substantial changes in dissolved metal concentrations at three sites with differing...
Effects of antenna length and material on output power and detection of miniature radio transmitters
J.W. Beeman, N. Bower, S. Juhnke, L. Dingmon, Tillaart M. Van Den M., T. Thomas
2007, Conference Paper, Hydrobiologia
The optimal antenna of transmitters used in small aquatic animals is often a compromise between efficient radio wave propagation and effects on animal behavior. Radio transmission efficiency generally increases with diameter and length of the conductor, but increased antenna length or weight can adversely affect animal behavior. We evaluated the...
Invasion by nonnative brook trout in Panther Creek, Idaho: Roles of local habitat quality, biotic resistance, and connectivity to source habitats
Joseph R. Benjamin, Jason B. Dunham, M.R. Dare
2007, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (136) 875-888
Theoretical models and empirical evidence suggest that the invasion of nonnative species in freshwaters is facilitated through the interaction of three factors: habitat quality, biotic resistance, and connectivity. We measured variables that represented each factor to determine which were associated with the occurrence of nonnative brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis in Panther Creek,...
Spatial analysis of land use and shallow groundwater vulnerability in the watershed adjacent to Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland and Virginia, USA
A.E. LaMotte, E.A. Greene
2007, Environmental Geology (52) 1413-1421
Spatial relations between land use and groundwater quality in the watershed adjacent to Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland and Virginia, USA were analyzed by the use of two spatial models. One model used a logit analysis and the other was based on geostatistics. The models were developed and compared on...
Increased groundwater to stream discharge from permafrost thawing in the Yukon River basin: Potential impacts on lateral export of carbon and nitrogen
Michelle Ann Walvoord, Robert G. Striegl
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Arctic and subarctic watersheds are undergoing climate warming, permafrost thawing, and thermokarst formation resulting in quantitative shifts in surface water - groundwater interaction at the basin scale. Groundwater currently comprises almost one fourth of Yukon River water discharged to the Bering Sea and contributes 5-10% of the dissolved organic carbon...
Geoelectrical evidence of bicontinuum transport in groundwater
K. Singha, Frederick D. Day-Lewis, John W. Lane Jr.
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Bicontinuum models and rate-limited mass transfer (RLMT) explain complex transport behavior (e.g., long tailing and rebound) in heterogeneous geologic media, but experimental verification is problematic because geochemical samples represent the mobile component of the pore space. Here, we present geophysical evidence of RLMT at the field scale during an aquifer-storage...
