Oil and gas geochemistry and petroleum systems of the Fort Worth Basin
R.J. Hill, D.M. Jarvie, J. Zumberge, M. Henry, R. M. Pollastro
2007, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (91) 445-473
Detailed biomarker and light hydrocarbon geochemistry confirm that the marine Mississippian Barnett Shale is the primary source rock for petroleum in the Fort Worth Basin, north-central Texas, although contributions from other sources are possible. Biomarker data indicate that the main oil-generating Barnett Shale facies is marine and was deposited under...
Cleats and their relation to geologic lineaments and coalbed methane potential in Pennsylvanian coals in Indiana
W. Solano-Acosta, Maria Mastalerz, A. Schimmelmann
2007, International Journal of Coal Geology (72) 187-208
Cleats and fractures in Pennsylvanian coals in southwestern Indiana were described, statistically analyzed, and subsequently interpreted in terms of their origin, relation to geologic lineaments, and significance for coal permeability and coalbed gas generation and storage. These cleats can be interpreted as the result of superimposed endogenic and exogenic processes....
Crossing disciplines and scales to understand the critical zone
S.L. Brantley, M. B. Goldhaber, Ragnarsdottir K. Vala
2007, Elements (3) 307-314
The Critical Zone (CZ) is the system of coupled chemical, biological, physical, and geological processes operating together to support life at the Earth's surface. While our understanding of this zone has increased over the last hundred years, further advance requires scientists to cross disciplines and scales to integrate understanding of...
Physical and chemical controls on the critical zone
S.P. Anderson, F. Von Blanckenburg, A. F. White
2007, Elements (3) 315-319
Geochemists have long recognized a correlation between rates of physical denudation and chemical weathering. What underlies this correlation? The Critical Zone can be considered as a feed-through reactor. Downward advance of the weathering front brings unweathered rock into the reactor. Fluids are supplied through precipitation. The reactor is stirred at...
Local annual survival and seasonal residency rates of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) in Puerto Rico
S.M. Rice, J.A. Collazo, M.W. Alldredge, B. A. Harrington, A.R. Lewis
2007, The Auk (124) 1397-1406
We report seasonal residency and local annual survival rates of migratory Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) at the Cabo Rojo salt flats, Puerto Rico. Residency rate (daily probability of remaining on the flats) was 0.991 ± 0.001 (x̄ ± SE), yielding a mean length of stay of 110 days. This finding...
Evaluation of sulfate reduction at experimentally induced mixing interfaces using small-scale push-pull tests in an aquifer-wetland system
T.A. Kneeshaw, Jennifer T. McGuire, Erik W. Smith, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 2618-2629
This paper presents small-scale push–pull tests designed to evaluate the kinetic controls on SO42-">SO42- reduction in situ at mixing interfaces between a wetland and aquifer impacted by landfill leachate at the Norman Landfill research site, Norman, OK. Quantifying the...
Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests
Rodney D. Boertje, Kalin A. Kellie, C. Tom Seaton, Mark A. Keech, Donald D. Young, Bruce W. Dale, Layne G. Adams, Andrew R. Aderman
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 1494-1506
We focused on describing low nutritional status in an increasing moose (Alces alces gigas) population with reduced predation in Game Management Unit (GMU) 20A near Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. A skeptical public disallowed liberal antlerless harvests of this moose population until we provided convincing data on low nutritional status. We ranked...
Geochemistry of natural components in the near-field environment, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
Z. E. Peterman, T.A. Oliver
2007, Conference Paper, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings
The natural near-field environment in and around the emplacement drifts of the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, includes the host rock, dust, seepage, and pore water. The chemical compositions of these components have been determined for assessing possible chemical and mineralogical reactions that may occur after nuclear...
High rates of energy expenditure and water flux in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea
D.E. Crocker, N. Kofahl, G.D. Fellers, N.B. Gates, D.S. Houser
2007, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (80) 635-642
We measured water flux and energy expenditure in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea by using the doubly labeled water method. Previous laboratory investigations have suggested weak urinary concentrating ability, high rates of water flux, and low basal metabolic rates in this species. However, free-ranging measurements from hygric...
Waterfowl distribution and abundance during spring migration in Southern Oregon and Northeastern California
J. P. Fleskes, J.L. Yee
2007, Western North American Naturalist (67) 409-428
We used aerial surveys to study abundance and distribution of waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, and coots) during spring in southern Oregon and northeastern California (SONEC). Total waterfowl-use days in SONEC during the 119-day, 5 January-3 May, spring period was similar during 2002 (127,977,700) and 2003 (128,076,200) and averaged 1,075,900 birds...
Assessment of gaseous CO2 and AQUI-S as anesthetics when surgically implanting radio transmitters into cutthroat trout
T.B. Sanderson, W.A. Hubert
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 1053-1057
Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and CO2 are anesthetics that can be legally used in fisheries work in the United States, but they are limited in their field applications. A mandatory 21-d withdrawal period is required for fish exposed to MS-222. Carbon dioxide is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug...
Fluid chemistry and evolution of hydrothermal fluids in an Archaean transcrustal fault zone network: The case of the Cadillac Tectonic Zone, Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada
P. Neumayr, S.G. Hagemann, D.A. Banks, B.W.D. Yardley, J.-F. Couture, G. P. Landis, R. Rye
2007, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (44) 745-773
Detailed fluid geochemistry studies on hydrothermal quartz veins from the Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d'Or areas along the transcrustal Cadillac Tectonic Zone (CTZ) indicate that unmineralized (with respect to gold) sections of the CTZ contained a distinct CO2-dominated, H2S-poor hydrothermal fluid. In contrast, both gold mineralized sections of the CTZ (e.g., at...
The investigation of chemical structure of coal macerals via transmitted-light FT-IR microscopy by X. Sun
J.C. Hower, I. Suarez-Ruiz, Maria Mastalerz, A.C. Cook
2007, Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy (67) 1433-1437
A recent paper by Sun [X. Sun, Spectrochim. Acta A 62 (1-3) (2005) 557] attempts to characterize a variety of liptinite, termed "barkinite", from Chinese Permian coals. The component identified does not appear to fundamentally differ from previously-described liptinite macerals included in the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology's...
Regression models for estimating coseismic landslide displacement
R.W. Jibson
2007, Engineering Geology (91) 209-218
Newmark's sliding-block model is widely used to estimate coseismic slope performance. Early efforts to develop simple regression models to estimate Newmark displacement were based on analysis of the small number of strong-motion records then available. The current availability of a much larger set of strong-motion records dictates that these regression...
Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA
L.E. Miranda, D.R. Lowery
2007, Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management (12) 87-96
Successful reproduction and development of strong year classes of fish in storage reservoirs are commonly associated with reproductive seasons of high water level and extensive flooding. Responses to flooding are likely to be less pronounced or altogether different in mainstem navigation reservoirs that experience limited water level fluctuation. In these...
Thioarsenates in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, preservation, and geochemical importance
B. Planer-Friedrich, J. London, R. Blaine McCleskey, D. Kirk Nordstrom, D. Wallschlager
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 5245-5251
Mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrathioarsenate, as well as methylated arsenic oxy- and thioanions, were determined besides arsenite and arsenate in geothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park using anion-exchange chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Retention time match with synthetic standards, measured S:As ratios, and molecular electrospray mass spectra support the...
Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan
W.-C. Liu, W.-B. Chen, R. T. Cheng, M.-H. Hsu, A.Y. Kuo
2007, Continental Shelf Research (27) 900-921
A 3-D, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and the adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei...
Roadless space of the conterminous United States
R.D. Watts, R.W. Compton, J.H. McCammon, C.L. Rich, S.M. Wright, T. Owens, D.S. Ouren
2007, Science (316) 736-738
Roads encroaching into undeveloped areas generally degrade ecological and watershed conditions and simultaneously provide access to natural resources, land parcels for development, and recreation. A metric of roadless space is needed for monitoring the balance between these ecological costs and societal benefits. We introduce a metric, roadless volume (RV), which...
Simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) using reversed-phased ion-pairing liquid chromatography with dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
R.E. Wolf, J.M. Morrison, M. B. Goldhaber
2007, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (22) 1051-1060
A method for the simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) species in waters, soil leachates and synthetic bio-fluids is described. The method uses reversed-phase ion-pairing liquid chromatography to separate the chromium species and a dynamic reaction cell (DRC??) equipped ICP-MS for detection of chromium. Separation of the chromium species is...
CO2 transport over complex terrain
Jielun Sun, Sean P. Burns, A.C. Delany, S.P. Oncley, A.A. Turnipseed, B.B. Stephens, D.H. Lenschow, M.A. LeMone, Russell K. Monson, D.E. Anderson
2007, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (145) 1-21
CO2 transport processes relevant for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) at the Niwot Ridge AmeriFlux site in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA, were investigated during a pilot experiment. We found that cold, moist, and CO2-rich air was transported downslope at night and upslope in the early...
Measurement of atmospheric mercury species with manual sampling and analysis methods in a case study in Indiana
M.R. Risch, E.M. Prestbo, L. Hawkins
2007, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (184) 285-297
Ground-level concentrations of three atmospheric mercury species were measured using manual sampling and analysis to provide data for estimates of mercury dry deposition. Three monitoring stations were operated simultaneously during winter, spring, and summer 2004, adjacent to three mercury wet-deposition monitoring stations in northern, central, and southern Indiana. The monitoring...
Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies
W.C. Funk, T.D. Mullins, S. M. Haig
2007, Conservation Genetics (8) 1287-1309
We examined the genetic structure of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in North America, the Caribbean, and the west coast of South America to quantify variation within and among breeding areas and to test the validity of three previously recognized subspecies. Sequences (676 bp) from domains I and II of the...
Identifying biotic integrity and water chemistry relations in nonwadeable rivers of Wisconsin: Toward the development of nutrient criteria
B.M. Weigel, Dale M. Robertson
2007, Environmental Management (40) 691-708
We sampled 41 sites on 34 nonwadeable rivers that represent the types of rivers in Wisconsin, and the kinds and intensities of nutrient and other anthropogenic stressors upon each river type. Sites covered much of United States Environmental Protection Agency national nutrient ecoregions VII-Mostly Glaciated Dairy Region, and VIII-Nutrient Poor,...
Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an individual-based model
R. T. Busing, A.M. Solomon, R.B. McKane, C.A. Burdick
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 1967-1981
The FORCLIM model of forest dynamics was tested against field survey data for its ability to simulate basal area and composition of old forests across broad climatic gradients in western Oregon, USA. The model was also tested for its ability to capture successional trends in ecoregions of the west Cascade...
Investigation of magnesium isotope fractionation during basalt differentiation: Implications for a chondritic composition of the terrestrial mantle
F.-Z. Teng, M. Wadhwa, Rosalind T. Helz
2007, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (261) 84-92
To investigate whether magnesium isotopes are fractionated during basalt differentiation, we have performed high-precision Mg isotopic analyses by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) on a set of well-characterized samples from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, USA. Samples from the Kilauea Iki...
