Comparative velocity structure of active Hawaiian volcanoes from 3-D onshore-offshore seismic tomography
J. Park, J.K. Morgan, C.A. Zelt, P. G. Okubo, L. Peters, N. Benesh
2007, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (259) 500-516
We present a 3-D P-wave velocity model of the combined subaerial and submarine portions of the southeastern part of the Island of Hawaii, based on first-arrival seismic tomography of marine airgun shots recorded by the onland seismic network. Our model shows that high-velocity materials (6.5-7.0??km/s) lie beneath Kilauea's summit, Koae...
Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment
H. Sawyer, R. M. Nielson, F.G. Lindzey, L. Keith, J.H. Powell, A.A. Abraham
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 868-874
Recent expansions by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) into nonforested habitats across the Intermountain West have required managers to reconsider the traditional paradigms of forage and cover as they relate to managing elk and their habitats. We examined seasonal habitat selection patterns of a hunted elk population in a nonforested...
Effects of mother lode-type gold mineralization on 187Os/188Os and platinum group element concentrations in peridotite: Alleghany District, California
R.J. Walker, J.K. Böhlke, W.F. McDonough, Ji Li
2007, Economic Geology (102) 1079-1089
Osmium isotope compositions and concentrations of Re, platinum group elements (PGE), and Au were determined for host peridotites (serpentinites and barzburgites) and hydrothermally altered ultramafic wall rocks associated with Mother Lode-type hydrothermal gold-quartz vein mineralization in the Alleghany district, California. The host peridotites have Os isotope compositions and Re, PGE,...
Incidence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in human and animal fecal sources
R.L. Whitman, K. Przybyla-Kelly, D.A. Shively, M.N. Byappanahalli
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 6090-6095
The occurrence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in the opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium is well-documented in clinical research. Recently, the esp gene has been proposed as a marker of human pollution in environmental waters; however, information on its relative incidence in various human and animal...
Airborne dust transport to the eastern Pacific Ocean off southern California: Evidence from San Clemente Island
D.R. Muhs, J. Budahn, M. Reheis, J. Beann, G. Skipp, E. Fisher
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (112)
Islands are natural dust traps, and San Clemente Island, California, is a good example. Soils on marine terraces cut into Miocene andesite on this island are clay-rich Vertisols or Alfisols with vertic properties. These soils are overlain by silt-rich mantles, 5-20 cm thick, that contrast sharply with the underlying clay-rich...
Structure and composition of a watershed-scale sediment information network
W. R. Osterkamp, J. R. Gray, J.B. Laronne, J.R. Martin
2007, International Journal of Sediment Research (22) 238-246
A 'Watershed-Scale Sediment Information Network' (WaSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO's International Sedimentation Initiative, was endorsed as an initial project by the World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research. WaSSIN is to address global fluvial-sediment information needs through a network approach based on consistent protocols for the collection, analysis, and storage...
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance microscopy of mineralization
I.E. Chesnick, T.I. Todorov, J.A. Centeno, D.E. Newbury, Justin R. Small, K. Potter
2007, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (25) 1095-1104
Paramagnetic manganese (II) can be employed as a calcium surrogate to sensitize magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) to the processing of calcium during bone formation. At high doses, osteoblasts can take up sufficient quantities of manganese, resulting in marked changes in water proton T1, T2 and magnetization transfer ratio values compared...
Dissolution of biogenic ooze over basement edifices in the equatorial Pacific with implications for hydrothermal ventilation of the oceanic crust
B.A. Bekins, A.J. Spivack, E.E. Davis, L. A. Mayer
2007, Geology (35) 679-682
Recent observations indicate that curious closed depressions in carbonate sediments overlying basement edifices are widespread in the equatorial Pacific. A possible mechanism for their creation is dissolution by fluids exiting basement vents from off-axis hydrothermal flow. Quantitative analysis based on the retrograde solubility...
Evidence of lake whitefish spawning in the Detroit River: Implications for habitat and population recovery
E.F. Roseman, G.W. Kennedy, J. Boase, B.A. Manny, T. N. Todd, W. Stott
2007, Journal of Great Lakes Research (33) 397-406
Historic reports imply that the lower Detroit River was once a prolific spawning area for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) prior to the construction of the Livingstone shipping channel in 1911. Large numbers of lake whitefish migrated into the river in fall where they spawned on expansive limestone bedrock and gravel...
The Sonju Lake layered intrusion, northeast Minnesota: Internal structure and emplacement history inferred from magnetic fabrics
S.M. Maes, B. Tikoff, E.C. Ferre, P.E. Brown, J.D. Miller Jr.
2007, Precambrian Research (157) 269-288
The Sonju Lake intrusion (SLI), in northeastern Minnesota, is a layered mafic complex of Keweenawan age (1096.1 ?? 0.8 Ma) related to the Midcontinent rift. The cumulate paragenesis of the intrusion is recognized as broadly similar to the Skaergaard intrusion, a classic example of closed-system differentiation of a tholeiitic mafic...
Stability and uncertainty of finite-fault slip inversions: Application to the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake
S. Hartzell, P. Liu, C. Mendoza, C. Ji, K.M. Larson
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1911-1934
The 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake is used to investigate stability and uncertainty aspects of the finite-fault slip inversion problem with different a priori model assumptions. We utilize records from 54 strong ground motion stations and 13 continuous, 1-Hz sampled, geodetic instruments. Two inversion procedures are compared: a linear least-squares subfault-based...
Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish
H. Jiang, C. Brownie, J.E. Hightower, K. H. Pollock
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 773-781
Current methods for estimation of age- and year-specific instantaneous mortality rates based on multiyear, multiple-age tagging studies assume that it is feasible to tag fish in a wide range of ages. For some species, however, only the youngest one or two age-classes are readily available for tagging. Given the practical...
Methodological considerations regarding the use of inorganic 197Hg(II) radiotracer to assess mercury methylation potential rates in lake sediment
Catan S. Perez, S.R. Guevara, Mark C. Marvin-DiPasquale, C. Magnavacca, I.M. Cohen, M. Arribere
2007, Applied Radiation and Isotopes (65) 987-994
Methodological considerations on the determination of benthic methyl-mercury (CH3Hg) production potentials were investigated on lake sediment, using 197Hg radiotracer. Three methods to arrest bacterial activity were compared: flash freezing, thermal sterilization, and γ-irradiation. Flash freezing showed similar CH3Hg recoveries as thermal sterilization, which was...
Separation of copper, iron, and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for isotopic measurement
David M. Borrok, Richard B. Wanty, William I. Ridley, Ruth E. Wolf, Paul J. Lamothe, M. Adams
2007, Chemical Geology (242) 400-414
The measurement of Cu, Fe, and Zn isotopes in natural samples may provide valuable information about biogeochemical processes in the environment. However, the widespread application of stable Cu, Fe, and Zn isotope chemistry to natural water systems remains limited by our ability to efficiently separate these trace elements from...
Disruptions of stream sediment size and stability by lakes in mountain watersheds: Potential effects on periphyton biomass
A.K. Myers, A.M. Marcarelli, C.D. Arp, M. A. Baker, W.A. Wurtsbaugh
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 390-400
The location of a stream reach relative to other landforms in a watershed is an important attribute. We hypothesized that lakes disrupt the frequency of finer, more mobile sediments and thereby change sediment transport processes such that benthic substrates are more stable (i.e., less mobile) below lakes than above lakes....
Potential hazards of environmental contaminants to avifauna residing in the Chesapeake Bay estuary
Barnett A. Rattner, Peter C. McGowan
2007, Waterbirds (30) 63-81
A search of the Contaminant Exposure and Effects-Terrestrial Vertebrates (CEE-TV) database revealed that 70% of the 839 Chesapeake Bay records deal with avian species. Studies conducted on waterbirds in the past 15 years indicate that organochlorine contaminants have declined in eggs and tissues, although p,p'-DDE, total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and...
Incidence of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibian populations along the northwest coast of North America
M.J. Adams, S. Galvan, D. Reinitz, Rebecca A. Cole, Sanjay Pyare, M. Hahr, P. Govindarajulu
2007, Herpetological Review (38) 430-431
No abstract available....
Enhancement of the national strong-motion network in Turkey
Polat Gulkan, U. Ceken, Z. Colakoglu, T. Ugras, T. Kuru, A. Apak, J.G. Anderson, H. Sucuoglu, M. Çelebi, D.S. Akkar, U. Yazgan, A.Z. Denizlioglu
2007, Seismological Research Letters (78) 429-438
Two arrays comprising 20 strong-motion sensors were established in western Turkey. The 14 stations of BYTNet follow a N-S trending line about 65 km in length, normal to strands of the North Anatolian fault that runs between the cities of Bursa and Yalova. Here the dominant character of the potential...
The PRISM palaeoclimate reconstruction and Pliocene sea-surface temperature
H.J. Dowsett
Williams M.Haywood A.M.Gregory F.J.Schmidt D.N., editor(s)
2007, Geological Society Special Publication 459-480
In this paper, I present a summary of the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, with emphasis on its historical development and range of boundary condition datasets. Sea-surface temperature (SST), sea level, sea ice, land cover (vegetation and ice) and topography are discussed as well as many...
Effect of in ovo exposure to an organochlorine mixture extracted from double crested cormorant eggs (Phalacrocorax auritus) and PCB 126 on immune function of juvenile chickens
E.T. Lavoie, F. Wiley, K.A. Grasman, D. E. Tillitt, J.G. Sikarskie, W.W. Bowerman
2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (53) 655-661
Organochlorine (OC) contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) have been associated with immune modulation in wild fish-eating birds from the Great Lakes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immune function of juvenile chickens after in ovo exposure to PCB 126 or an environmentally relevant...
Economic decision making and the application of nonparametric prediction models
Emil D. Attanasi, Timothy C. Coburn, Philip A. Freeman
2007, Conference Paper, SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium
Sustained increases in energy prices have focused attention on gas resources in low permeability shale or in coals that were previously considered economically marginal. Daily well deliverability is often relatively small, although the estimates of the total volumes of recoverable resources in these settings are large. Planning and development decisions...
Growth and energy requirements of captive-reared Common Loon (Gavia immer) chicks
F. Fournier, W. H. Karasov, K.P. Kenow, M.W. Meyer
2007, The Auk (124) 1158-1167
We measured the energy requirements during postnatal development of six hand-reared Common Loon (Gavia immer) chicks using continuous feeding trials and doubly labeled water. At fledging, the mean (± SE) body mass of chicks was 3,246 ± 51 g. They reached asymptotic body mass in ≈66 days and had a...
Kinematic GPS solutions for aircraft trajectories: Identifying and minimizing systematic height errors associated with atmospheric propagation delays
S. Shan, M. Bevis, E. Kendrick, G.L. Mader, D. Raleigh, K. Hudnut, M. Sartori, D. Phillips
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
When kinematic GPS processing software is used to estimate the trajectory of an aircraft, unless the delays imposed on the GPS signals by the atmosphere are either estimated or calibrated via external observations, then vertical height errors of decimeters can occur. This problem is clearly manifested when the aircraft is...
Differentiating pedogenesis from diagenesis in early terrestrial paleoweathering surfaces formed on granitic composition parent materials
S.G. Driese, L.G. Medaris Jr., M. Ren, Anthony C. Runkel, R.P. Langford
2007, Journal of Geology (115) 387-406
Unconformable surfaces separating Precambrian crystalline basement and overlying Proterozoic to Cambrian sedimentary rocks provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the role of primitive soil ecosystems in weathering and resultant formation of saprolite (weathered rock retaining rock structure) and regolith (weathered rock without rock structure), but many appear to have been...
Variation in northern bobwhite demography along two temporal scales
T.H. Folk, Randall R. Holmes, J. Barry Grand
2007, Population Ecology (49) 211-219
Quantification and understanding of demographic variation across intra- and inter-annual temporal scales can benefit from the development of theoretical models of evolution and applied conservation of species. We used long-term survey data for northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) collected at the northern and southern extent of its geographic range to develop...
