Habitat selection of Rocky Mountain elk in a nonforested environment
H. Sawyer, R. M. Nielson, F.G. Lindzey, L. Keith, J.H. Powell, A.A. Abraham
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 868-874
Recent expansions by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) into nonforested habitats across the Intermountain West have required managers to reconsider the traditional paradigms of forage and cover as they relate to managing elk and their habitats. We examined seasonal habitat selection patterns of a hunted elk population in a nonforested...
On the choice of statistical models for estimating occurrence and extinction from animal surveys
R.M. Dorazio
2007, Ecology (88) 2773-2782
In surveys of natural animal populations the number of animals that are present and available to be detected at a sample location is often low, resulting in few or no detections. Low detection frequencies are especially common in surveys of imperiled species; however, the choice of sampling method and protocol...
Incidence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in human and animal fecal sources
R.L. Whitman, K. Przybyla-Kelly, D.A. Shively, M.N. Byappanahalli
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 6090-6095
The occurrence of the enterococcal surface protein (esp) gene in the opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium is well-documented in clinical research. Recently, the esp gene has been proposed as a marker of human pollution in environmental waters; however, information on its relative incidence in various human and animal...
Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America
S.R. Dominguez, T. J. O'Shea, L.M. Oko, K.V. Holmes
2007, Emerging Infectious Diseases (13) 1295-1300
The epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was caused by a newly emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Bats of several species in southern People's Republic of China harbor SARS-like CoVs and may be reservoir hosts for them. To determine whether bats in North America also harbor coronaviruses, we used reverse transcription-PCR...
Optimal use of resources structures home ranges and spatial distribution of black bears
M.S. Mitchell, R. A. Powell
2007, Animal Behaviour (74) 219-230
Research has shown that territories of animals are economical. Home ranges should be similarly efficient with respect to spatially distributed resources and this should structure their distribution on a landscape, although neither has been demonstrated empirically. To test these hypotheses, we used home range models that optimize resource use according...
Prioritizing bottomland hardwood forest sites for protection and augmentation
J. Carter, J. Biagas
2007, Natural Areas Journal (27) 72-82
Bottomland hardwood forest has been greatly diminished by conversion to agriculture. Less than 25% of the pre-Columbian bottomland hardwood forests remain in the southeastern United States. Because of the valuable ecological and hydrological functions performed by these forests, their conservation and restoration has been a high priority. Part of these...
Recent records of alien anurans on the Pacific Island of Guam
M.T. Christy, C.S. Clark, D.E. Gee II, D. Vice, D.S. Vice, M.P. Warner, C.L. Tyrrell, G.H. Rodda, J. A. Savidge
2007, Pacific Science (61) 469-483
Eight anuran species were recorded for the first time in Guam in the period May 2003-December 2005, all apparently the result of arrivals to the island since 2000. Three of the eight species (Rana guentheri, Polypedates megacephalus, and Eleutherodactylus planirostris) had well-established breeding populations by 2005. A further three (Fejevarya...
Incorporating availability for detection in estimates of bird abundance
Duane R. Diefenbach, M.R. Marshall, J.A. Mattice, D.W. Brauning
2007, The Auk (124) 96-106
Several bird-survey methods have been proposed that provide an estimated detection probability so that bird-count statistics can be used to estimate bird abundance. However, some of these estimators adjust counts of birds observed by the probability that a bird is detected and assume that all birds are available to be...
An efficient mode-splitting method for a curvilinear nearshore circulation model
Fengyan Shi, James T. Kirby, Daniel M. Hanes
2007, Coastal Engineering (54) 811-824
A mode-splitting method is applied to the quasi-3D nearshore circulation equations in generalized curvilinear coordinates. The gravity wave mode and the vorticity wave mode of the equations are derived using the two-step projection method. Using an implicit algorithm for the gravity mode and an explicit algorithm for the vorticity mode,...
Topography and geomorphology of the Huygens landing site on Titan
Laurence A. Soderblom, Martin G. Tomasko, Brent A. Archinal, Tammy L. Becker, Michael W. Bushroe, Debbie Cook, Lyn R. Doose, Donna M. Galuszka, Trent M. Hare, Elpitha Howington-Kraus, Erich Karkoschka, Randolph L. Kirk, Jonathan I. Lunine, Elisabeth A. McFarlane, Bonnie L. Redding, Bashar Rizk, Mark R. Rosiek, Charles See, Peter H. Smith
2007, Planetary and Space Science (55) 2015-2024
The Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) aboard the Huygens Probe took several hundred visible-light images with its three cameras on approach to the surface of Titan. Several sets of stereo image pairs were collected during the descent. The digital terrain models constructed from those images show rugged topography, in places approaching...
Effects of nutrient enrichment on Prymnesium parvum population dynamics and toxicity: Results from field experiments, Lake Possum Kingdom, USA
D. L. Roelke, R.M. Errera, R. Kiesling, B.W. Brooks, J. P. Grover, L. Schwierzke, F. Urena-Boeck, J. Baker, J.L. Pinckney
2007, Aquatic Microbial Ecology (46) 125-140
Large fish kills associated with toxic populations of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum occur worldwide. In the past 5 yr, incidences of P. parvum blooms in inland water bodies of Texas (USA) have increased dramatically, where cell densities in excess of 1 × 107 cells l–1 are typically observed. We conducted field experiments (Lake Possum Kingdom) during...
Surface drifter derived circulation in the northern and middle Adriatic Sea: Response to wind regime and season
L. Ursella, P.-M. Poulain, R. P. Signell
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (112)
More than 120 satellite-tracked drifters were deployed in the northern and middle Adriatic (NMA) Sea between September 2002 and November 2003, with the purpose of studying the surface circulation at mesoscale to seasonal scale in relation to wind forcing, river runoff, and bottom topography. Pseudo-Eulerian and Lagrangian statistics were calculated...
Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of rock alteration and water content at Mount Adams, Washington: Implications for lahar hazards
C. A. Finn, M. Deszcz-Pan, E. D. Anderson, D. A. John
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Hydrothermally altered rocks, particularly if water saturated, can weaken stratovolcanoes, thereby increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to far-traveled, destructive debris flows. Evaluating the hazards associated with such alteration is difficult because alteration has been mapped on few active volcanoes...
Modelingevapotranspirationina sub-tropical climate
M.R. Savabi, T.A. Cochrane, E. German, C. Ikiz, N. Cockshutt
2007, Journal of Environmental Hydrology (15) 1-15
Evapotranspiration (ET) loss is estimated at about 80-85% of annual precipitation in South Florida. Accurate prediction of ET is important during and beyond the implementation of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). In the USDA's Everglades Agro-Hydrology Model (EAHM) the soil water intake is linked with the soil water redistribution,...
Predicting Secchi disk depth from average beam attenuation in a deep, ultra-clear lake
G.L. Larson, R.L. Hoffman, B.R. Hargreaves, R.W. Collier
2007, Hydrobiologia (574) 141-148
We addressed potential sources of error in estimating the water clarity of mountain lakes by investigating the use of beam transmissometer measurements to estimate Secchi disk depth. The optical properties Secchi disk depth (SD) and beam transmissometer attenuation (BA) were measured in Crater Lake (Crater Lake National Park, Oregon, USA)...
Chlorinated solvents in groundwater of the United States
M.J. Moran, J.S. Zogorski, P. J. Squillace
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 74-81
Four chlorinated solvents-methylene chloride, perchloroethene (PCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethene (TCE)-were analyzed in samples of groundwater taken throughout the conterminous United States by the U.S. Geological Survey. The samples were collected between 1985 and 2002 from more than 5,000 wells. Of 55 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analyzed in groundwater samples, solvents...
Population demographics of Hiodon tergisus (Mooneye) in the lower Tallapoosa River
C.T. Katechis, P.C. Sakaris, E.R. Irwin
2007, Southeastern Naturalist (6) 461-470
We describe age structure, growth, and fecundity of Hiodon tergisus (Mooneye) from the lower Tallapoosa River, AL. Mooneye (N = 49, 214-316 mm total length, 79-284 g) were aged using otoliths, and a von Bertalanffy growth model was derived for the species (L??? = 316, K = 0.285, to =...
Breeding bird territory placement in riparian wet meadows in relation to invasive reed canary grass, Phalaris arundinacea
E.M. Kirsch, B. R. Gray, T.J. Fox, W.E. Thogmartin
2007, Wetlands (27) 644-655
Invasive plants are a growing concern worldwide for conservation of native habitats. In endangered wet meadow habitat in the Upper Midwestern United States, reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a recognized problem and its prevalence is more widespread than the better-known invasive wetland plant purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria). Although resource...
Sensitivity of high-frequency Rayleigh-wave data revisited
J. Xia, R. D. Miller, J. Ivanov
2007, Conference Paper, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts
Rayleigh-wave phase velocity of a layered earth model is a function of frequency and four groups of earth properties: P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity (Vs), density, and thickness of layers. Analysis of the Jacobian matrix (or the difference method) provides a measure of dispersion curve sensitivity to earth properties. Vs is...
Effects of capillarity and microtopography on wetland specific yield
D. M. Sumner
2007, Wetlands (27) 693-701
Hydrologic models aid in describing water flows and levels in wetlands. Frequently, these models use a specific yield conceptualization to relate water flows to water level changes. Traditionally, a simple conceptualization of specific yield is used, composed of two constant values for above- and below-surface water levels and neglecting the...
Genetic variability in spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), determined with microsatellite DNA markers
R. Ward, K. Bowers, R. Hensley, B. Mobley, E. Belouski
2007, Fishery Bulletin (105) 197-206
Variation in the allele frequencies of five microsatellite loci was surveyed in 1256 individual spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) obtained from 12 bays and estuaries from Laguna Madre, Texas, to Charlotte Harbor, Florida, to St. John's River on the Florida Atlantic Coast. Texas and Louisiana collection sites were resampled each year...
Online catalog of world-wide test sites for the post-launch characterization and calibration of optical sensors
G. Chander, J.B. Christopherson, G. L. Stensaas, P.M. Teillet
2007, Conference Paper, International Astronautical Federation - 58th International Astronautical Congress 2007
In an era when the number of Earth-observing satellites is rapidly growing and measurements from these sensors are used to answer increasingly urgent global issues, it is imperative that scientists and decision-makers rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. The characterization and calibration of these sensors are vital to...
Bypass system modification at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River improved the survival of juvenile salmon
J.W. Ferguson, B.P. Sandford, R.E. Reagan, L.G. Gilbreath, E.B. Meyer, R.D. Ledgerwood, N.S. Adams
2007, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (136) 1487-1510
From 1987 to 1992, we evaluated a fish bypass system at Bonneville Dam Powerhouse 2 on the Columbia River. The survival of subyearling Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha released into the system ranged from 0.774 to 0.911 and was significantly lower than the survival of test fish released into turbines and...
Trends in the occurrence of MTBE in drinking water in the Northeast United States
M.J. Moran
2007, Conference Paper, Ground Water Management - Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Assessment, and Remediation Conf
Public water systems in Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, and Rhode Island sampled treated drinking water from 1993-2006 and analyzed the samples for MTBE. The US Geological Survey examined trends in the occurrence of MTBE in drinking water derived from ground water in these States for two near-decadal...
Stress hormones link food availability and population processes in seabirds
A.S. Kitaysky, John F. Piatt, J.C. Wingfield
2007, Marine Ecology Progress Series (352) 245-258
Catastrophic population declines in marine top predators in the northern Pacific have been hypothesized to result from nutritional stress affecting reproduction and survival of individuals. However, empirical evidence for food-related stress in wild animals is frequently lacking or inconclusive. We used a field endocrinology approach to measure stress, identify its...
