Modeling pesticide fate in a small tidal estuary
A.M. McCarthy, J. D. Bales, W.G. Cope, D. Shea
2007, Ecological Modelling (200) 149-159
The exposure analysis modeling system (EXAMS), a pesticide fate model developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, was modified to model the fate of the herbicides atrazine and metolachlor in a small tidally dominated estuary (Bath Creek) in North Carolina, USA where freshwater inflow accounts for only 3% of the...
Multi-channel resistivity investigations of the freshwater-saltwater interface: A new tool to study an old problem
P.W. Swarzenski, S. Kruse, C. Reich, W.V. Swarzenski
2007, Conference Paper
It has been well established that fresh or brackish groundwater can exist both near and far from shore in many coastal and marine environments. The often permeable nature of marine sediments and the underlying bedrock provides abundant pathways for submarine groundwater discharge. While submarine groundwater discharge as a coastal hydrogeological...
Optimal management of non-Markovian biological populations
B. Kenneth Williams
2007, Ecological Modelling (200) 234-242
Wildlife populations typically are described by Markovian models, with population dynamics influenced at each point in time by current but not previous population levels. Considerable work has been done on identifying optimal management strategies under the Markovian assumption. In this paper we generalize this work to non-Markovian systems, for which...
Mass balances of mercury and nitrogen in burned and unburned forested watersheds at Acadia National Park, Maine, USA
S.J. Nelson, K.B. Johnson, J. S. Kahl, T.A. Haines, I.J. Fernandez
2007, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (126) 69-80
Precipitation and streamwater samples were collected from 16 November 1999 to 17 November 2000 in two watersheds at Acadia National Park, Maine, and analyzed for mercury (Hg) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, nitrate plus ammonium). Cadillac Brook watershed burned in a 1947 fire that destroyed vegetation and soil organic matter....
Distinguishing centrarchid genera by use of lateral line scales
N.M. Roberts, C.F. Rabeni, J.S. Stanovick
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 215-219
Predator-prey relations involving fishes are often evaluated using scales remaining in gut contents or feces. While several reliable keys help identify North American freshwater fish scales to the family level, none attempt to separate the family Centrarchidae to the genus level. Centrarchidae is of particular concern in the midwestern United...
Reproductive biology of the violet-chested hummingbird in Venezuela and comparisons with other tropical and temperate hummingbirds
Karolina Fierro-Calderon, T. E. Martin
2007, Condor (109) 680-685
We provide details on the breeding biology of the Violet-chested Hummingbird (Sternoclyta cyanopectus) based on 67 nests studied in Yacambu?? National Park, Venezuela, from 2002 through 2006. Clutch size was two white eggs, usually laid every other day. Fresh egg mass (0.95 ?? 0.14 g) was 15% of female mass....
Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate
B. F. Molnia
2007, Global and Planetary Change (56) 23-56
Alaska's climate is changing and one of the most significant indications of this change has been the late 19th to early 21st century behavior of Alaskan glaciers. Weather station temperature data document that air temperatures throughout Alaska have been increasing for many decades. Since the mid-20th century, the average change...
Approximate sample sizes required to estimate length distributions
L.E. Miranda
2007, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (136) 409-415
The sample sizes required to estimate fish length were determined by bootstrapping from reference length distributions. Depending on population characteristics and species-specific maximum lengths, 1-cm length-frequency histograms required 375-1,200 fish to estimate within 10% with 80% confidence, 2.5-cm histograms required 150-425 fish, proportional stock density required 75-140 fish, and mean...
Effects of capillarity and microtopography on wetland specific yield
D. M. Sumner
2007, Wetlands (27) 693-701
Hydrologic models aid in describing water flows and levels in wetlands. Frequently, these models use a specific yield conceptualization to relate water flows to water level changes. Traditionally, a simple conceptualization of specific yield is used, composed of two constant values for above- and below-surface water levels and neglecting the...
Temporal variability of submarine groundwater discharge: Assessments via radon and seep meters, the southern carmel coast, Israel
Y. Weinstein, Y. Shalem, W. C. Burnett, P.W. Swarzenski, B. Herut
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Seep meter data from Dor Bay, Israel, showed a steady decrease in submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) rates between March and July 2006 (averages of 34, 10.4 and 1.5 cm d-1 in March, May and July, respectively), while estimates based on radon time series showed remarkably uniform averages (8 cm d-1)....
Analysis of otolith microstructure for Cedar River Chinook salmon
A. Lind-Null, K. Larsen, R. Reisenbichler
2007, Report
No abstract available ...
The effects of flooding and sedimentation on seed germination of two bottomland hardwood tree species
Aaron R. Pierce, S.L. King
2007, Wetlands (27) 588-594
Flooding and sedimentation are two of the dominant disturbances that influence tree species composition and succession in floodplain forests. The importance of these disturbances may be most notable during the germination and establishment phases of plant succession. Channelization of most alluvial systems in the southeastern United States has caused dramatic...
Breeding bird territory placement in riparian wet meadows in relation to invasive reed canary grass, Phalaris arundinacea
E.M. Kirsch, B. R. Gray, T.J. Fox, W.E. Thogmartin
2007, Wetlands (27) 644-655
Invasive plants are a growing concern worldwide for conservation of native habitats. In endangered wet meadow habitat in the Upper Midwestern United States, reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a recognized problem and its prevalence is more widespread than the better-known invasive wetland plant purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria). Although resource...
Glacier mass-balance fluctuations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, USA
E.G. Josberger, W. R. Bidlake, R.S. March, B.W. Kennedy
2007, Conference Paper, Annals of Glaciology
The more than 40 year record of net and seasonal mass-balance records from measurements made by the United States Geological Survey on South Cascade Glacier, Washington, and Wolverine and Gulkana Glaciers, Alaska, shows annual and interannual fluctuations that reflect changes in the controlling climatic conditions at regional and global scales....
Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda
N.A. Friedenberg, B.M. Whited, D. H. Slone, S.J. Martinson, M.P. Ayres
2007, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (37) 1427-1437
Patterns of host use by herbivore pests can have serious consequences for natural and managed ecosystems but are often poorly understood. Here, we provide the first quantification of large differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, on loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., and longleaf pine, Pinus palustris...
Genotypes and phylogeographical relationships of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in California, USA
G.O. Kelley, C.M. Bendorf, S.C. Yun, Gael Kurath, R.P. Hedrick
2007, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (77) 29-40
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) contains 3 major genogroups in North America with discreet geographic ranges designated as upper (U), middle (M), and lower (L). A comprehensive genotyping of 237 IHNV isolates from hatchery and wild salmonids in California revealed 25 different sequence types (a to y) all in the...
Net emissions of CH4 and CO2 in Alaska: Implications for the region's greenhouse gas budget
Q. Zhuang, J. M. Melillo, A. D. McGuire, D. W. Kicklighter, R.G. Prinn, P.A. Steudler, B.S. Felzer, S. Hu
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 203-212
We used a biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to study the net methane (CH4) fluxes between Alaskan ecosystems and the atmosphere. We estimated that the current net emissions of CH4 (emissions minus consumption) from Alaskan soils are ???3 Tg CH 4/yr. Wet tundra ecosystems are responsible for 75%...
The 17 July 2006 Tsunami earthquake in West Java, Indonesia
J. Mori, Walter D. Mooney, Afnimar, S. Kurniawan, A.I. Anaya, S. Widiyantoro
2007, Seismological Research Letters (78) 201-207
A tsunami earthquake (Mw = 7.7) occurred south of Java on 17 July 2006. The event produced relatively low levels of high-frequency radiation, and local felt reports indicated only weak shaking in Java. There was no ground motion damage from the earthquake, but there was extensive damage and loss of...
Estimating biomass of submersed vegetation using a simple rake sampling technique
K.P. Kenow, J.E. Lyon, R. K. Hines, A. Elfessi
2007, Hydrobiologia (575) 447-454
We evaluated the use of a simple rake sampling technique for predicting the biomass of submersed aquatic vegetation. Vegetation sampled from impounded areas of the Mississippi River using a rake sampling technique, was compared with vegetation harvested from 0.33-m2 quadrats. The resulting data were used to model the relationship between...
Multiple stressors in amphibian communities: Effects of chemical contamination, bullfrogs, and fish
M.D. Boone, R. D. Semlitsch, E. E. Little, M. C. Doyle
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 291-301
A leading hypothesis of amphibian population declines is that combinations of multiple stressors contribute to declines. We examined the role that chemical contamination, competition, and predation play singly and in combination in aquatic amphibian communities. We exposed larvae of American toads (Bufo americanus), southern leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala), and spotted...
Silurian extension in the Upper Connecticut Valley, United States and the origin of middle Paleozoic basins in the Québec embayment
D.W. Rankin, R.A. Coish, R. D. Tucker, Z.X. Peng, S. A. Wilson, A.A. Rouff
2007, American Journal of Science (307) 216-264
Pre-Silurian strata of the Bronson Hill arch (BHA) in the Upper Connecticut Valley, NH-VT are host to the latest Ludlow Comerford Intrusive Suite consisting, east to west, of a mafic dike swarm with sheeted dikes, and an intrusive complex. The rocks are mostly mafic but with compositions ranging from gabbro...
Generation of fine hydromagmatic ash by growth and disintegration of glassy rinds
Larry G. Mastin
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
The deposits of mafic hydromagmatic eruptions are more fine grained and variable in vesicularity than dry magmatic deposits. Blocky, equant shapes of many hydromagmatic clasts also contrast with droplet, thread, and bubble wall morphology of dry magmatic fragments. Small (<∼180 μm), blocky hydromagmatic pyroclasts have traditionally been interpreted to result from...
Effects of nutrient enrichment on Prymnesium parvum population dynamics and toxicity: Results from field experiments, Lake Possum Kingdom, USA
D. L. Roelke, R.M. Errera, R. Kiesling, B.W. Brooks, J. P. Grover, L. Schwierzke, F. Urena-Boeck, J. Baker, J.L. Pinckney
2007, Aquatic Microbial Ecology (46) 125-140
Large fish kills associated with toxic populations of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum occur worldwide. In the past 5 yr, incidences of P. parvum blooms in inland water bodies of Texas (USA) have increased dramatically, where cell densities in excess of 1 × 107 cells l–1 are typically observed. We conducted field experiments (Lake Possum Kingdom) during...
Preface to the Madison declaration and critical synthesis papers on mercury pollution
James P. Hurley, David P. Krabbenhoft, James G. Wiener, Christopher L. Babiarz
2007, Ambio (36) 2-2
No abstract available....
Does avian species richness in natural patch mosaics follow the forest fragmentation paradigm?
D.C. Pavlacky Jr., S.H. Anderson
2007, Animal Conservation (10) 57-68
As one approaches the north-eastern limit of pinyon (Pinus spp.) juniper (Juniperus spp.) vegetation on the Colorado Plateau, USA, woodland patches become increasingly disjunct, grading into sagebrush (Artemisia spp.)-dominated landscapes. Patterns of avian species richness in naturally heterogeneous forests may or may not respond to patch discontinuity in the same...
