Declustering of clustered preferential sampling for histogram and semivariogram inference
Ricardo A. Olea
2007, Mathematical Geology (39) 453-467
Measurements of attributes obtained more as a consequence of business ventures than sampling design frequently result in samplings that are preferential both in location and value, typically in the form of clusters along the pay. Preferential sampling requires preprocessing for the purpose of properly inferring characteristics of the parent population,...
Courtship and mating in free-living spotted hyenas
M. Szykman, R. C. Van Horn, A.L. Engh, E. E. Boydston, K.E. Holekamp
2007, Behaviour (144) 815-846
Female spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are larger and more aggressive than males, and their genitalia are heavily 'masculinized'. These odd traits in females pose unusual challenges for males during courtship and copulation. Here our goals were to describe and quantify the behavior patterns involved in courtship and copulation in Crocuta,...
Communication using eye roll reflective signalling
I.N. Flamarique, G.A. Mueller, C.L. Cheng, C.R. Figiel
2007, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (274) 877-882
Body reflections in the ultraviolet (UV) are a common occurrence in nature. Despite the abundance of such signals and the presence of UV cones in the retinas of many vertebrates, the function of UV cones in the majority of taxa remains unclear. Here, we report on an unusual communication system...
The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. A: current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America
S.G. Bullard, G. Lambert, M.R. Carman, J. Byrnes, R.B. Whitlatch, G. Ruiz, R. J. Miller, L. Harris, P. C. Valentine, J.S. Collie, J. Pederson, D.C. McNaught, A.N. Cohen, R. G. Asch, J. Dijkstra, K. Heinonen
2007, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (342) 99-108
Didemnum sp. A is a colonial ascidian with rapidly expanding populations on the east and west coasts of North America. The origin of Didemum sp. A is unknown. Populations were first observed on the northeast coast of the U.S. in the late 1980s and on the west coast during the...
Geomorphic and sedimentologic evidence for the separation of Lake Superior from Lake Michigan and Huron
J.W. Johnston, T.A. Thompson, D.A. Wilcox, S.J. Baedke
2007, Journal of Paleolimnology (37) 349-364
A common break was recognized in four Lake Superior strandplain sequences using geomorphic and sedimentologic characteristics. Strandplains were divided into lakeward and landward sets of beach ridges using aerial photographs and topographic surveys to identify similar surficial features and core data to identify similar subsurface features. Cross-strandplain, elevation-trend changes from...
Big lake records preserved in a little lake's sediment: An example from Silver Lake, Michigan, USA
T.G. Fisher, W.L. Loope, W. Pierce, H.M. Jol
2007, Journal of Paleolimnology (37) 365-382
We reconstruct postglacial lake-level history within the Lake Michigan basin using soil stratigraphy, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), sedimentology and 14C data from the Silver Lake basin, which lies adjacent to Lake Michigan. Stratigraphy in nine vibracores recovered from the floor of Silver Lake appears to reflect fluctuation of water levels in the...
Development and certification of the new SRM 695 trace elements in multi-nutrient fertilizer
E.A. MacKey, M.P. Cronise, C.N. Fales, R.R. Greenberg, S.D. Leigh, S.E. Long, A.F. Marlow, K.E. Murphy, R. Oflaz, J.R. Sieber, M.S. Rearick, L.J. Wood, L.L. Yu, S. A. Wilson, Paul H. Briggs, Z. A. Brown, J. Budahn, P.F. Kane, W.L. Hall Jr.
2007, Conference Paper, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
During the past seven years, several states within the US have enacted regulations that limit the amounts of selected non-nutritive elements in fertilizers. Internationally, several countries, including Japan, China, and Australia, and the European Union also limit the amount of selected elements in fertilizers. The elements of interest include As,...
Integrated ground-water monitoring strategy for NRC-licensed facilities and sites: Case study applications
V. Price, T. Temples, R. Hodges, Z. Dai, D. Watkins, J. Imrich
2007, Report
This document discusses results of applying the Integrated Ground-Water Monitoring Strategy (the Strategy) to actual waste sites using existing field characterization and monitoring data. The Strategy is a systematic approach to dealing with complex sites. Application of such a systematic approach will reduce uncertainty associated with site analysis, and therefore...
Impact of recent extreme Arizona storms
C. S. Magirl, R. H. Webb, Peter G. Griffiths, M. Schaffner, C. Shoemaker, E. Pytlak, S. Yatheendradas, S. W. Lyon, Peter A. Troch, S. L. E. Desilets, D.C. Goodrich, C.L. Unkrich, Ann Youberg, P. A. Pearthree
2007, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (88) 191-193
Heavy rainfall on 27–31 July 2006 led to record flooding and triggered an historically unprecedented number of debris flows in the Santa Catalina Mountains north of Tucson, Ariz. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) documented record floods along four watercourses in the Tucson basin, and at least 250 hillslope failures spawned...
Chemistry of thermally altered high volatile bituminous coals from southern Indiana
R. Walker, Maria Mastalerz, S. Brassell, E. Elswick, J.C. Hower, A. Schimmelmann
2007, International Journal of Coal Geology (71) 2-14
The optical properties and chemical characteristics of two thermally altered Pennsylvanian high volatile bituminous coals, the non-coking Danville Coal Member (Ro = 0.55%) and the coking Lower Block Coal Member (Ro = 0.56%) were investigated with the purpose of understanding differences in their coking behavior. Samples of the coals were...
High-resolution proxy record of Holocene climate from a loess section in Southwestern Nebraska, USA
X. Miao, J.A. Mason, W.C. Johnson, Hongfang Wang
2007, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (245) 368-381
Multi-proxy analysis was used to produce a high-resolution paleoclimatic record from an exceptionally thick section of the Holocene Bignell Loess near Wauneta, Southwestern Nebraska, in the central Great Plains. The Wauneta section has excellent age control, based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating, and records multiple episodes of...
A proposed ethogram of large-carnivore predatory behavior, exemplified by the wolf
D.R. MacNulty, L.D. Mech, D.W. Smith
2007, Journal of Mammalogy (88) 595-605
Although predatory behavior is traditionally described by a basic ethogram composed of 3 phases (search, pursue, and capture), behavioral studies of large terrestrial carnivores generally use the concept of a "hunt" to classify and measure foraging. This approach is problematic because there is no consensus on what behaviors constitute a...
Natural calcium isotonic composition of urine as a marker of bone mineral balance
J. Skulan, T. Bullen, A.D. Anbar, J.E. Puzas, L. Shackelford, A. LeBlanc, S. M. Smith
2007, Clinical Chemistry (53) 1155-1158
Background: We investigated whether changes in the natural isotopic composition of calcium in human urine track changes in net bone mineral balance, as predicted by a model of calcium isotopic behavior in vertebrates. If so, isotopic analysis of natural urine or blood calcium could be used to monitor short-term changes...
Hydrology and water quality in two mountain basins of the northeastern US: Assessing baseline conditions and effects of ski area development
B. Wemple, J. Shanley, J. Denner, D. Ross, K. Mills
2007, Conference Paper, Hydrological Processes
Mountain regions throughout the world face intense development pressures associated with recreational and tourism uses. Despite these pressures, much of the research on bio-geophysical impacts of humans in mountain regions has focused on the effects of natural resource extraction. This paper describes findings from the first 3 years of a...
Detection, attribution, and sensitivity of trends toward earlier streamflow in the Sierra Nevada
E.P. Maurer, I.T. Stewart, Celine Bonfils, P. B. Duffy, D. Cayan
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (112)
Observed changes in the timing of snowmelt dominated streamflow in the western United States are often linked to anthropogenic or other external causes. We assess whether observed streamflow timing changes can be statistically attributed to external forcing, or whether they still lie within the bounds of natural (internal) variability for...
Sizing up earthquake damage: Differing points of view
S. Hough, A. Bolen
2007, Geotimes (52) 46-48
When a catastrophic event strikes an urban area, many different professionals hit the ground running. Emergency responders respond, reporters report, and scientists and engineers collect and analyze data. Journalists and scientists may share interest in these events, but they have very different missions. To a journalist, earthquake damage is news....
Use of carboxylated microspheres to assess transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts at the Russian River water supply facility, Sonoma County, California
David W. Metge, Ronald W. Harvey, Robert Anders, Donald O. Rosenberry, Donald Seymour, Jay Jasperse
2007, Geomicrobiology Journal (24) 231-245
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Using a bioenergetic model to assess growth reduction from catch-and-release fishing and hooking injury in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Julie M. Meka, F.J. Margraf
2007, Fisheries Management and Ecology (14) 131-139
A bioenergetic model was used to predict the potential effects of feeding cessation caused by catch-and-release capture and a reduction in feeding efficiency from hooking injuries on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), growth in southwest Alaska, USA. Simulations indicated that a 1-day feeding cessation for a rainbow trout captured one to two...
New K-Ar ages for calculating end-of-shield extrusion rates at West Maui volcano, Hawaiian island chain
David R. Sherrod, T. Murai, Takahiro Tagami
2007, Bulletin of Volcanology (69) 627-642
Thirty-seven new K–Ar ages from West Maui volcano, Hawai‘i, are used to define the waning stages of shield growth and a brief episode of postshield volcanism. All but two samples from shield-stage strata have reversed polarity magnetization, so conceivably the exposed shield is not much older than the Olduvai Normal-Polarity...
Coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan, determined from GPS measurements
K.-E. Ching, R.-J. Rau, Y. Zeng
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
A coseismic source model of the 2003 Mw 6.8 Chengkung, Taiwan, earthquake was well determined with 213 GPS stations, providing a unique opportunity to study the characteristics of coseismic displacements of a high-angle buried reverse fault. Horizontal coseismic displacements show fault-normal shortening across the fault trace. Displacements on the hanging...
USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters
Peter D. Warwick, James L. Coleman, Paul C. Hackley, Daniel O. Hayba, Alexander W. Karlsen, Elisabeth L. Rowan, Sharon M. Swanson
Lorcan Kennan, James Pindell, Norman C. Rosen, editor(s)
2007, Conference Paper, The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems
This report presents a review of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 2007 assessment of the undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata underlying the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and state waters. Geochemical, geologic, geophysical, thermal maturation, burial history, and paleontologic studies have been combined with regional cross...
MT+, integrating magnetotellurics to determine earth structure, physical state, and processes
P. A. Bedrosian
2007, Conference Paper, Surveys in Geophysics
As one of the few deep-earth imaging techniques, magnetotellurics provides information on both the structure and physical state of the crust and upper mantle. Magnetotellurics is sensitive to electrical conductivity, which varies within the earth by many orders of magnitude and is modified by a range of earth processes. As...
Vertical tritium transport from the shallow unsaturated zone to the atmosphere, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada
C.A. Garcia
2007, Thesis
No abstract available....
A shifting mosaic of scholarly publishing, scientific delivery, and future impact changing the face of learned societies
David M. Leslie Jr.
2007, Journal of Mammalogy (88) 275-286
Nonprofit scientific societies hope that their activities advance their particular mission and impact their profession and, in the broadest sense, humanity in positive ways. The digital age has provided unprecedented mechanisms to enhance the delivery of science to the world. The marketplace of scientific publishing is a rapidly shifting mosaic...
Local magnitude determinations for intermountain seismic belt earthquakes from broadband digital data
J.C. Pechmann, S.J. Nava, F.M. Terra, J.C. Bernier
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 557-574
The University of Utah Seismograph Stations (UUSS) earthquake catalogs for the Utah and Yellowstone National Park regions contain two types of size measurements: local magnitude (ML) and coda magnitude (MC), which is calibrated against ML. From 1962 through 1993, UUSS calculated ML values for southern and central Intermountain Seismic Belt...
