Simulation and observations of annual density banding in skeletons of Montastraea (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) growing under thermal stress associated with ocean warming
F.P. Worum, J. P. Carricart-Ganivet, L. Benson, D. Golicher
2007, Limnology and Oceanography (52) 2317-2323
We present a model of annual density banding in skeletons of Montastraea coral species growing under thermal stress associated with an ocean-warming scenario. The model predicts that at sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) <29??C, high-density bands (HDBs) are formed during the warmest months of the year. As temperature rises and oscillates around...
River enhancement in the Upper Mississippi River basin: Approaches based on river uses, alterations, and management agencies
T. K. O’Donnell, D.L. Galat
2007, Restoration Ecology (15) 538-549
The Upper Mississippi River is characterized by a series of locks and dams, shallow impoundments, and thousands of river channelization structures that facilitate commercial navigation between Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Cairo, Illinois. Agriculture and urban development over the past 200 years have degraded water quality and increased the rate of sediment...
Influence of fire on black-tailed prairie dog colony expansion in shortgrass steppe
D.J. Augustine, J.F. Cully Jr., T. L. Johnson
2007, Rangeland Ecology and Management (60) 538-542
Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies are of interest to rangeland managers because of the significant influence prairie dogs can exert on both livestock and biodiversity. We examined the influence of 4 prescribed burns and one wildfire on the rate and direction of...
Effects of roads on habitat quality for bears in the southern Appalachians: A long-term study
M. J. Reynolds-Hogland, M.S. Mitchell
2007, Journal of Mammalogy (88) 1050-1061
We tested the hypothesis that gravel roads, not paved roads, had the largest negative effect on habitat quality for a population of American black bears (Ursus americanus) that lived in a protected area, where vehicle collision was a relatively minimal source of mortality. We also evaluated whether road use by...
Dams, floodplain land use, and riparian forest conservation in the semiarid Upper Colorado River Basin, USA
D.C. Andersen, D.J. Cooper, K. Northcott
2007, Environmental Management (40) 453-475
Land and water resource development can independently eliminate riparian plant communities, including Fremont cottonwood forest (CF), a major contributor to ecosystem structure and functioning in semiarid portions of the American Southwest. We tested whether floodplain development was linked to river regulation in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) by relating...
Testing alternative ground water models using cross-validation and other methods
L. Foglia, S.W. Mehl, M. C. Hill, P. Perona, P. Burlando
2007, Ground Water (45) 627-641
Many methods can be used to test alternative ground water models. Of concern in this work are methods able to (1) rank alternative models (also called model discrimination) and (2) identify observations important to parameter estimates and predictions (equivalent to the purpose served by some types of sensitivity analysis). Some...
An outbreak of type C botulism in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) in Southeastern Sweden
A. Neimanis, D. Gavier-Widen, F. Leighton, T. Bollinger, Tonie E. Rocke, T. Morner
2007, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (43) 327-336
From 2000 to 2004, over 10,000 seabirds, primarily Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus), died from an undetermined cause in the Blekinge archipelago in southeastern Sweden. In June 2004, 24 affected Herring Gulls were examined clinically, killed humanely, and 23 were examined by necropsy. Seven and 10 unaffected Herring Gulls collected from...
Diverse dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas from the Potomac Group (Lower Cretaceous) Maryland
Ray Stanford, Martin G. Lockley, Robert E. Weems
2007, Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces (14) 155-173
Until recently fossil footprints were virtually unknown from the Cretaceous of the eastern United States. The discovery of about 300 footprints in iron-rich siliciclastic facies of the Patuxent Formation (Potomac Group) of Aptian age is undoubtedly one of the most significant Early Cretaceous track discoveries since the Paluxy track discoveries...
Numerical investigation of implementation of air-earth boundary by acoustic-elastic boundary approach
Y. Xu, J. Xia, R. D. Miller
2007, Geophysics (72)
The need for incorporating the traction-free condition at the air-earth boundary for finite-difference modeling of seismic wave propagation has been discussed widely. A new implementation has been developed for simulating elastic wave propagation in which the free-surface condition is replaced by an explicit acoustic-elastic boundary. Detailed comparisons of seismograms with...
Food web structure in exotic and native mangroves: A Hawaii-Puerto Rico comparison
A. W.J. Demopoulos, B. Fry, C. R. Smith
2007, Oecologia (153) 675-686
Plant invasions can fundamentally alter detrital inputs and the structure of detritus-based food webs. We examined the detrital pathways in mangrove food webs in native (Puerto Rican) and introduced (Hawaiian) Rhizophora mangle forests using a dual isotope approach and a mixing model. Based on trophic-level fractionation of 0-1??? for ??...
Aqueous exposure to 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol increases stress sensitivity and disrupts ion regulatory ability of juvenile atlantic salmon
Darrren T. Lerner, Bjorn Thrandur Bjornsson, Stephen D. McCormick
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1433-1440
Population declines of wild Atlantic salmon have been attributed to an array of anthropogenic disturbances, including dams, commercial and recreational fishing, habitat loss, and pollution. Environmental contaminants in particular, can act as environmental stressors on fish, typically causing disruption of ion homeostasis due to their close association with the aquatic...
Atmospheric bromine flux from the coastal Abu Dhabi sabkhat: A ground-water mass-balance investigation
W.W. Wood, W. E. Sanford
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
A solute mass-balance study of ground water of the 3000 km2 coastal sabkhat (salt flats) of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, documents an annual bromide loss of approximately 255 metric tons (0.0032 Gmoles), or 85 kg/km2. This value is an order of magnitude greater than previously published...
Spectral element modelling of fault-plane reflections arising from fluid pressure distributions
M. Haney, R. Snieder, J.-P. Ampuero, R. Hofmann
2007, Geophysical Journal International (170) 933-951
The presence of fault-plane reflections in seismic images, besides indicating the locations of faults, offers a possible source of information on the properties of these poorly understood zones. To better understand the physical mechanism giving rise to fault-plane reflections in compacting sedimentary basins, we numerically model the full elastic wavefield...
Paleoearthquakes on the southern San Andreas Fault, Wrightwood, California, 3000 to 1500 B.C.: A new method for evaluating paleoseismic evidence and earthquake horizons
K.M. Scharer, R.J. Weldon II, T. E. Fumal, G. P. Biasi
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1054-1093
We present evidence of 11–14 earthquakes that occurred between 3000 and 1500 b.c. on the San Andreas fault at the Wrightwood paleoseismic site. Earthquake evidence is presented in a novel form in which we rank (high, moderate, poor, or low) the quality of all...
Calibration of the calcite-water oxygen-isotope geothermometer at Devils Hole, Nevada, a natural laboratory
T.B. Coplen
2007, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (71) 3948-3957
The ??18O of ground water (-13.54 ?? 0.05 ???) and inorganically precipitated Holocene vein calcite (+14.56 ?? 0.03 ???) from Devils Hole cave #2 in southcentral Nevada yield an oxygen isotopic fractionation factor between calcite and water at 33.7 ??C of 1.02849 ?? 0.00013 (1000 ln ??calcite-water = 28.09 ??...
Distribution of breeding shorebirds on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska
James A. Johnson, Richard B. Lanctot, Brad A. Andres, Jonathan Bart, Stephen C. Brown, Steven J. Kendall, David C. Payer
2007, Arctic (60) 277-293
Available information on the distribution of breeding shorebirds across the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska is dated, fragmented, and limited in scope. Herein, we describe the distribution of 19 shorebird species from data gathered at 407 study plots between 1998 and 2004. This information was collected using a single-visit rapid...
Distinctiveness, use, and value of midwestern oak savannas and woodlands as avian habitats
R. Grundel, N.B. Pavlovic
2007, The Auk (124) 969-985
Oak savannas and woodlands historically covered millions of hectares in the midwestern United States but are rare today. We evaluated the ecological distinctiveness and conservation value of savannas and woodlands by examining bird distributions across a fire-maintained woody-vegetation gradient in northwest Indiana encompassing five habitats—open habitats with low canopy cover,...
The instantaneous rate dependence in low temperature laboratory rock friction and rock deformation experiments
N.M. Beeler, T.E. Tullis, A. K. Kronenberg, L.A. Reinen
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Earthquake occurrence probabilities that account for stress transfer and time-dependent failure depend on the product of the effective normal stress and a lab-derived dimensionless coefficient a. This coefficient describes the instantaneous dependence of fault strength on deformation rate, and determines the duration of precursory slip....
A simulation-based approach for estimating premining water quality: Red Mountain Creek, Colorado
Robert L. Runkel, Briant A Kimball, Katherine Walton-Day, Philip L. Verplanck
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 1899-1918
Regulatory agencies are often charged with the task of setting site-specific numeric water quality standards for impaired streams. This task is particularly difficult for streams draining highly mineralized watersheds with past mining activity. Baseline water quality data obtained prior to mining are often non-existent and application of generic water quality...
Controls on the variability of net infiltration to desert sandstone
Victor M. Heilweil, Tim S. McKinney, Michael S. Zhdanov, Dennis E. Watt
2007, Water Resources Research (43)
As populations grow in arid climates and desert bedrock aquifers are increasingly targeted for future development, understanding and quantifying the spatial variability of net infiltration becomes critically important for accurately inventorying water resources and mapping contamination vulnerability. This paper presents a conceptual model of net infiltration to desert sandstone and...
Population estimates of Hyla cinerea (Schneider) (Green Tree frog) in an urban environment
L. Pham, S. Boudreaux, S. Karhbet, B. Price, A. S. Ackleh, J. Carter, N. Pal
2007, Southeastern Naturalist (6) 203-216
Hyla cinerea (Green Treefrog) is a common wetlands species in the southeastern US. To better understand its population dynamics, we followed a relatively isolated population of Green Treefrogs from June 2004 through October 2004 at a federal office complex in Lafayette, LA. Weekly, Green Treefrogs were caught, measured, marked with...
GIS methodology for quantifying channel change in Las Vegas, Nevada
S.E. Buckingham, J.W. Whitney
2007, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (43) 888-898
This study applies spatial analyses to examine the consequences of accelerated urban expansion on a hydrologic system over a period of 24 years. Three sets of historical aerial photos are used in a GIS analysis to document the geomorphic history of Las Vegas Wash, which drains the rapidly growing Las...
Temporal trends in concentrations of DBCP and nitrate in groundwater in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, California, USA
K.R. Burow, N. M. Dubrovsky, James L. Shelton
2007, Hydrogeology Journal (15) 991-1007
Temporal monitoring of the pesticide 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) and nitrate and indicators of mean groundwater age were used to evaluate the transport and fate of agricultural chemicals in groundwater and to predict the long-term effects in the regional aquifer system in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, California. Twenty monitoring wells were...
Minimizing noise in fiberglass aquaculture tanks: Noise reduction potential of various retrofits
J. Davidson, A.S. Frankel, W.T. Ellison, S. Summerfelt, A.N. Popper, P. Mazik, J. Bebak
2007, Aquacultural Engineering (37) 125-131
Equipment used in intensive aquaculture systems, such as pumps and blowers can produce underwater sound levels and frequencies within the range of fish hearing. The impacts of underwater noise on fish are not well known, but limited research suggests that subjecting fish to noise could result in impairment of the...
Passive aerobic treatment of net-alkaline, iron-laden drainage from a flooded underground anthracite mine, Pennsylvania, USA
C.A. Cravotta III
2007, Mine Water and the Environment (26) 128-149
This report evaluates the results of a continuous 4.5-day laboratory aeration experiment and the first year of passive, aerobic treatment of abandoned mine drainage (AMD) from a typical flooded underground anthracite mine in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. During 1991-2006, the AMD source, locally known as the Otto Discharge, had flows from...
