Influences of wildfire and channel reorganization on spatial and temporal variation in stream temperature and the distribution of fish and amphibians
J. B. Dunham, A.E. Rosenberger, C.H. Luce, B.E. Rieman
2007, Ecosystems (10) 335-346
Wildfire can influence a variety of stream ecosystem properties. We studied stream temperatures in relation to wildfire in small streams in the Boise River Basin, located in central Idaho, USA. To examine the spatio-temporal aspects of temperature in relation to wildfire, we employed three approaches: a pre-post fire comparison of...
Vapor transfer prior to the October 2004 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
A.J.R. Kent, J. Blundy, K. V. Cashman, K.M. Copper, C. Donnelly, John S. Pallister, M. Reagan, M.C. Rowe, Carl Thornber
2007, Geology (35) 231-234
Dome lavas from the 2004 eruption of Mount St. Helens show elevated Li contents in plagioclase phenocrysts at the onset of dome growth in October 2004. These cannot be explained by variations in plagioclase-melt partitioning, but require elevated Li contents in coexisting melt, a fact confirmed by measurements of Li...
Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific
H. Dowsett
2007, Micropaleontology (53) 447-456
Mid-Pliocene low-latitude Pacific faunal (planktic foraminifer) sea surface temperature (SST) estimates are normally based upon the Modern Analog Technique (MAT). In the Eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP), where upwelling of cool water predominates, MAT can be used to discern both cooling and warming in Neogene records. SST today is ???30??C in...
Effects of sea-level rise on ground water flow in a coastal aquifer system
John P. Masterson, S. P. Garabedian
2007, Ground Water (45) 209-217
The effects of sea-level rise on the depth to the fresh water/salt water interface were simulated by using a density-dependent, three-dimensional numerical ground water flow model for a simplified hypothetical fresh water lens that is similar to shallow, coastal aquifers found along the Atlantic coast of the United States. Simulations...
Spatiotemporal variability of stream habitat and movement of three species of fish
J.H. Roberts, P. L. Angermeier
2007, Oecologia (151) 417-430
Relationships between environmental variability and movement are poorly understood, due to both their complexity and the limited ecological scope of most movement studies. We studied movements of fantail (Etheostoma flabellare), riverweed (E. podostemone), and Roanoke darters (Percina roanoka) through two stream systems during two summers. We then related movement to...
Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast
K. Hayhoe, C.P. Wake, T.G. Huntington, L. Luo, M.D. Schwartz, J. Sheffield, E. Wood, B. Anderson, J. Bradbury, A. DeGaetano, T.J. Troy, D. Wolfe
2007, Climate Dynamics (28) 381-407
To assess the influence of global climate change at the regional scale, we examine past and future changes in key climate, hydrological, and biophysical indicators across the US Northeast (NE). We first consider the extent to which simulations of twentieth century climate from nine atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) are...
Call for collaboration in WMO project for the assessment of the performance of flow measurement instruments and techniques
J.M. Fulford, P.J. Pilon, Z. Kopaliani, P.J. McCurry, C. Caponi
2007, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (133) 1439-1440
[No abstract available]...
First documentation of tidal-channel sponge biostromes (upper Pleistocene, southeastern Florida)
K.J. Cunningham, J.K. Rigby, M.A. Wacker, H.A. Curran
2007, Geology (35) 475-478
Sponges are not a common principal component of Cenozoic reefs and are more typically dominant in deep-water and/or cold-water localities. Here we report the discovery of extensive upper Pleistocene shallow-marine, tropical sponge biostromes from the Mami Limestone of southeastern Florida built by a new ceractinomorph demosponge. These upright, barrel- to...
Physical and chemical controls on the critical zone
S.P. Anderson, F. Von Blanckenburg, A. F. White
2007, Elements (3) 315-319
Geochemists have long recognized a correlation between rates of physical denudation and chemical weathering. What underlies this correlation? The Critical Zone can be considered as a feed-through reactor. Downward advance of the weathering front brings unweathered rock into the reactor. Fluids are supplied through precipitation. The reactor is stirred at...
Smallmouth bass and largemouth bass predation on juvenile Chinook salmon and other salmonids in the Lake Washington basin
R.A. Tabor, B.A. Footen, K.L. Fresh, M.T. Celedonia, F. Mejia, D.L. Low, L. Park
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 1174-1188
We assessed the impact of predation by smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu and largemouth bass M. salmoides on juveniles of federally listed Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and other anadromous salmonid populations in the Lake Washington system. Bass were collected with boat electrofishing equipment in the south end of Lake Washington (February-June)...
High rates of energy expenditure and water flux in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea
D.E. Crocker, N. Kofahl, G.D. Fellers, N.B. Gates, D.S. Houser
2007, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (80) 635-642
We measured water flux and energy expenditure in free-ranging Point Reyes mountain beavers Aplodontia rufa phaea by using the doubly labeled water method. Previous laboratory investigations have suggested weak urinary concentrating ability, high rates of water flux, and low basal metabolic rates in this species. However, free-ranging measurements from hygric...
Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies
W.C. Funk, T.D. Mullins, S. M. Haig
2007, Conservation Genetics (8) 1287-1309
We examined the genetic structure of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in North America, the Caribbean, and the west coast of South America to quantify variation within and among breeding areas and to test the validity of three previously recognized subspecies. Sequences (676 bp) from domains I and II of the...
Ages, distributions, and origins of upland coastal dune sheets in Oregon, USA
C. D. Peterson, E. Stock, D.M. Price, R. Hart, F. Reckendorf, J.M. Erlandson, S. W. Hostetler
2007, Geomorphology (91) 80-102
A total of ten upland dune sheets, totaling 245??km in combined length, have been investigated for their origin(s) along the Oregon coast (500??km in length). The ages of dune emplacement range from 0.1 to 103??ka based on radiocarbon (36 samples) and luminescence (46 samples) dating techniques. The majority of the...
Topography and geomorphology of the Huygens landing site on Titan
Laurence A. Soderblom, Martin G. Tomasko, Brent A. Archinal, Tammy L. Becker, Michael W. Bushroe, Debbie Cook, Lyn R. Doose, Donna M. Galuszka, Trent M. Hare, Elpitha Howington-Kraus, Erich Karkoschka, Randolph L. Kirk, Jonathan I. Lunine, Elisabeth A. McFarlane, Bonnie L. Redding, Bashar Rizk, Mark R. Rosiek, Charles See, Peter H. Smith
2007, Planetary and Space Science (55) 2015-2024
The Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) aboard the Huygens Probe took several hundred visible-light images with its three cameras on approach to the surface of Titan. Several sets of stereo image pairs were collected during the descent. The digital terrain models constructed from those images show rugged topography, in places approaching...
Observations of magnetite dissolution in poorly drained soils
D.A. Grimley, N.K. Arruda
2007, Soil Science (172) 968-982
Dissolution of strongly magnetic minerals is a common and relatively rapid phenomenon in poorly drained soils of the central United States, resulting in low magnetic susceptibility (MS). Low Eh reducing conditions are primarily responsible for magnetic mineral dissolution; a process likely mediated by iron-reducing bacteria in the presence of soil...
Online catalog of world-wide test sites for the post-launch characterization and calibration of optical sensors
G. Chander, J.B. Christopherson, G. L. Stensaas, P.M. Teillet
2007, Conference Paper, International Astronautical Federation - 58th International Astronautical Congress 2007
In an era when the number of Earth-observing satellites is rapidly growing and measurements from these sensors are used to answer increasingly urgent global issues, it is imperative that scientists and decision-makers rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. The characterization and calibration of these sensors are vital to...
Investigation of magnesium isotope fractionation during basalt differentiation: Implications for a chondritic composition of the terrestrial mantle
F.-Z. Teng, M. Wadhwa, Rosalind T. Helz
2007, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (261) 84-92
To investigate whether magnesium isotopes are fractionated during basalt differentiation, we have performed high-precision Mg isotopic analyses by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) on a set of well-characterized samples from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, USA. Samples from the Kilauea Iki...
A project for monitoring trends in burn severity
Jeffery C. Eidenshink, Brian Schwind, Ken Brewer, Zhu-Liang Zhu, Brad Quayle, Stephen M. Howard
2007, Fire Ecology (3) 3-21
Jeff Eidenshink, Brian Schwind, Ken Brewer, Zhi-Liang Zhu, Brad Quayle, and Elected officials and leaders of environmental agencies need information about the effects of large wildfires in order to set policy and make management decisions. Recently, the Wildland Fire Leadership Council (WFLC), which implements and coordinates the National Fire Plan...
Modeling the influence of river discharge on salt intrusion and residual circulation in Danshuei River estuary, Taiwan
W.-C. Liu, W.-B. Chen, R. T. Cheng, M.-H. Hsu, A.Y. Kuo
2007, Continental Shelf Research (27) 900-921
A 3-D, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and the adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei...
Assessment of gaseous CO2 and AQUI-S as anesthetics when surgically implanting radio transmitters into cutthroat trout
T.B. Sanderson, W.A. Hubert
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 1053-1057
Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and CO2 are anesthetics that can be legally used in fisheries work in the United States, but they are limited in their field applications. A mandatory 21-d withdrawal period is required for fish exposed to MS-222. Carbon dioxide is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug...
Local annual survival and seasonal residency rates of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) in Puerto Rico
S.M. Rice, J.A. Collazo, M.W. Alldredge, B. A. Harrington, A.R. Lewis
2007, The Auk (124) 1397-1406
We report seasonal residency and local annual survival rates of migratory Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) at the Cabo Rojo salt flats, Puerto Rico. Residency rate (daily probability of remaining on the flats) was 0.991 ± 0.001 (x̄ ± SE), yielding a mean length of stay of 110 days. This finding...
Crossing disciplines and scales to understand the critical zone
S.L. Brantley, M. B. Goldhaber, Ragnarsdottir K. Vala
2007, Elements (3) 307-314
The Critical Zone (CZ) is the system of coupled chemical, biological, physical, and geological processes operating together to support life at the Earth's surface. While our understanding of this zone has increased over the last hundred years, further advance requires scientists to cross disciplines and scales to integrate understanding of...
Oil and gas geochemistry and petroleum systems of the Fort Worth Basin
R.J. Hill, D.M. Jarvie, J. Zumberge, M. Henry, R. M. Pollastro
2007, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (91) 445-473
Detailed biomarker and light hydrocarbon geochemistry confirm that the marine Mississippian Barnett Shale is the primary source rock for petroleum in the Fort Worth Basin, north-central Texas, although contributions from other sources are possible. Biomarker data indicate that the main oil-generating Barnett Shale facies is marine and was deposited under...
Identifying biotic integrity and water chemistry relations in nonwadeable rivers of Wisconsin: Toward the development of nutrient criteria
B.M. Weigel, Dale M. Robertson
2007, Environmental Management (40) 691-708
We sampled 41 sites on 34 nonwadeable rivers that represent the types of rivers in Wisconsin, and the kinds and intensities of nutrient and other anthropogenic stressors upon each river type. Sites covered much of United States Environmental Protection Agency national nutrient ecoregions VII-Mostly Glaciated Dairy Region, and VIII-Nutrient Poor,...
Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an individual-based model
R. T. Busing, A.M. Solomon, R.B. McKane, C.A. Burdick
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 1967-1981
The FORCLIM model of forest dynamics was tested against field survey data for its ability to simulate basal area and composition of old forests across broad climatic gradients in western Oregon, USA. The model was also tested for its ability to capture successional trends in ecoregions of the west Cascade...
