Submarine groundwater discharge to Tampa Bay: Nutrient fluxes and biogeochemistry of the coastal aquifer
Kevin D. Kroeger, Peter W. Swarzenski, Jason Greenwood, Christopher Reich
2007, Marine Chemistry (104) 85-97
To separately quantify the roles of fresh and saline submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), relative to that of rivers, in transporting nutrients to Tampa Bay, Florida, we used three approaches (Darcy's Law calculations, a watershed water budget, and a 222Rn mass-balance) to estimate rate of SGD from the Pinellas peninsula. Groundwater...
Effects of ghost shrimp on zinc and cadmium in sediments from Tampa Bay, FL
P.L. Klerks, D.L. Felder, K. Strasser, P.W. Swarzenski
2007, Marine Chemistry (104) 17-26
This study investigated the effects that ghost shrimp have on the distribution of metals in sediment. We measured levels of HNO3-extractable zinc and cadmium in surface sediment, in ghost shrimp burrow walls and in sediment ejected by the ghost shrimp from their burrows, at five sandy intertidal sites in Tampa...
Ra and Rn isotopes as natural tracers of submarine groundwater discharge in Tampa Bay, Florida
P.W. Swarzenski, C. Reich, K.D. Kroeger, M. Baskaran
2007, Marine Chemistry (104) 69-84
A suite of naturally occurring radionuclides in the U/Th decay series (222Rn, 223,224,226,228Ra) were studied during wet and dry conditions in Tampa Bay, Florida, to evaluate their utility as groundwater discharge tracers, both within the bay proper and within the Alafia River/estuary — a prominent free-flowing river that empties into...
Metal accumulation in the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus. Model predictions compared to field data
K. Veltman, M.A.J. Huijbregts, M.G. Vijver, W.J.G.M. Peijnenburg, P.H.F. Hobbelen, J.E. Koolhaas, C.A.M. van Gestel, P.C.J. van Vliet, Hendriks A. Jan
2007, Environmental Pollution (146) 428-436
The mechanistic bioaccumulation model OMEGA (Optimal Modeling for Ecotoxicological Applications) is used to estimate accumulation of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus. Our validation to field accumulation data shows that the model accurately predicts internal cadmium concentrations. In addition, our results show...
Effect of relative volume on radio transmitter expulsion in subadult common carp
C.R. Penne, N.L. Ahrens, R.C. Summerfelt, C.L. Pierce
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 986-991
Expulsion of surgically implanted radio transmitters is a problem in some fish telemetry studies. We conducted a 109-d experiment to test the hypothesis that variation in relative volume of transmitters surgically implanted in subadult common carp Cyprinus carpio would affect transmitter expulsion. We also necropsied fish at the end of...
The 17 July 2006 Tsunami earthquake in West Java, Indonesia
J. Mori, Walter D. Mooney, Afnimar, S. Kurniawan, A.I. Anaya, S. Widiyantoro
2007, Seismological Research Letters (78) 201-207
A tsunami earthquake (Mw = 7.7) occurred south of Java on 17 July 2006. The event produced relatively low levels of high-frequency radiation, and local felt reports indicated only weak shaking in Java. There was no ground motion damage from the earthquake, but there was extensive damage and loss of...
Mercury exposure and effects on cavity-nesting birds from the Carson River, Nevada
Christine M. Custer, T. W. Custer, E. F. Hill
2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (52) 129-136
Mercury (Hg) concentrations were 15-40 times higher in the eggs and livers of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and house wrens (Troglodytes aedon) that nested along the Carson River at and below Dayton, Nevada than in the same species above the mining-impacted areas. Hg contamination was mainly the result of processing...
Heat, chloride, and specific conductance as ground water tracers near streams
M.H. Cox, G.W. Su, J. Constantz
2007, Ground Water (45) 187-195
Commonly measured water quality parameters were compared to heat as tracers of stream water exchange with ground water. Temperature, specific conductance, and chloride were sampled at various frequencies in the stream and adjacent wells over a 2-year period. Strong seasonal variations in stream water...
Mode of occurrence of arsenic in feed coal and its derivative fly ash, Black Warrior Basin, Alabama
R. A. Zielinski, A. L. Foster, G.P. Meeker, I. K. Brownfield
2007, Fuel (86) 560-572
An arsenic-rich (As = 55 ppm) bituminous feed coal from the Black Warrior Basin, Alabama and its derivative fly ash (As = 230 ppm) were selected for detailed investigation of arsenic residence and chemical forms. Analytical techniques included microbeam analysis, selective extraction, and As K-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) spectroscopy....
Forecast experiment: do temporal and spatial b value variations along the Calaveras fault portend M ≥ 4.0 earthquakes?
Tom Parsons
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
The power law distribution of earthquake magnitudes and frequencies is a fundamental scaling relationship used for forecasting. However, can its slope (b value) be used on individual faults as a stress indicator? Some have concluded that b values drop just before large shocks. Others suggested that temporally stable low b...
Space geodetic observation of expansion of the San Gabriel Valley, California, aquifer system, during heavy rainfall in winter 2004-2005
N.E. King, D. Argus, J. Langbein, D.C. Agnew, G. Bawden, R.S. Dollar, Z. Liu, D. Galloway, E. Reichard, A. Yong, F.H. Webb, Y. Bock, K. Stark, D. Barseghian
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Starting early in 2005, the positions of GPS stations in the San Gabriel valley region of southern California showed statistically significant departures from their previous behavior. Station LONG moved up by about 47 mm, and nearby stations moved away from LONG by about 10 mm....
Earthquake-by-earthquake fold growth above the Puente Hills blind thrust fault, Los Angeles, California: Implications for fold kinematics and seismic hazard
L.A. Leon, S.A. Christofferson, J.F. Dolan, J.H. Shaw, T. L. Pratt
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
Boreholes and high-resolution seismic reflection data collected across the forelimb growth triangle above the central segment of the Puente Hills thrust fault (PHT) beneath Los Angeles, California, provide a detailed record of incremental fold growth during large earthquakes on this major blind thrust fault. These data document fold growth within...
Measurements of spectral optical properties and their relation to biogeochemical variables and processes in Crater Lake, Crater Lake National Park, OR
E.S. Boss, R. Collier, G. Larson, K. Fennel, W.S. Pegau
2007, Hydrobiologia (574) 149-159
Spectral inherent optical properties (IOPs) have been measured at Crater Lake, OR, an extremely clear sub-alpine lake. Indeed Pure water IOPs are major contributors to the total IOPs, and thus to the color of the lake. Variations in the spatial distribution of IOPs were observed in June and September 2001,...
Effect of lipid extraction on analyses of stable carbon and stable nitrogen isotopes in coastal organisms of the Aleutian archipelago
M.A. Ricca, A.K. Miles, R.G. Anthony, X. Deng, S. S. O. Hung
2007, Canadian Journal of Zoology (85) 40-48
We tested whether extracting lipids reduced confounding variation in ??13C and ??15N values by analyzing paired lipid-extracted (LE) and non-lipid-extracted (NLE) samples of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus (L., 1766)) whole eggs, muscle tissue from nine seabird and one terrestrial bird species, muscle tissue from four marine fish species, and blue...
Tsunami warnings: Understanding in Hawai'i
Chris E. Gregg, Bruce F. Houghton, Douglas Paton, David M. Johnston, David A. Swanson, B.S. Yanagi
2007, Natural Hazards (40) 71-87
The devastating southeast Asian tsunami of December 26, 2004 has brought home the destructive consequences of coastal hazards in an absence of effective warning systems. Since the 1946 tsunami that destroyed much of Hilo, Hawai‘i, a network of pole mounted sirens has been used to provide an early public...
Pre-eruption recharge of the Bishop magma system
D.A. Wark, W. Hildreth, F.S. Spear, D.J. Cherniak, E.B. Watson
2007, Geology (35) 235-238
The 650 km3 rhyolitic Bishop Tuff (eastern California, USA), which is stratigraphically zoned with respect to temperatures of mineral equilibration, reflects a corresponding thermal gradient in the source magma chamber. Consistent with previous work, application of the new TitaniQ (Ti-in-quartz) thermometer to quartz phenocryst rims documents an ∼100 °C temperature increase...
Bacteria form tellurium nanocrystals
R.S. Oremland
2007, Industrial Bioprocessing (29) 5-5
A team of researchers have found two bacterial species that produce tellurium oxyanions as respiratory electron acceptors for growth, leaving elemental tellurium in the form of nanoparticles. The crystals from the two organisms exhibit distinctively different structures. Bacillus selenitireducens initially forms nanorods that cluster together to form rosettes. Sulfurospirillum barnesii...
Wildlife species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in Pacific Northwest conifer forests: A review
J.C. Hagar
2007, Forest Ecology and Management (246) 108-122
Non-coniferous vegetation, including herbs, shrubs, and broad-leaved trees, makes a vital contribution to ecosystem function and diversity in Pacific Northwest conifer forests. However, forest management has largely been indifferent or detrimental to shrubs and trees that have low commercial value, in spite of a paradigm shift towards more holistic management...
Estimated variability of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network measurements using collocated samplers
G.A. Wetherbee, D.A. Gay, R.C. Brunette, C.W. Sweet
2007, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (131) 49-69
The National Atmospheric Deposition Program/Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) provides long-term, quality-assured records of mercury in wet deposition in the USA and Canada. Interpretation of spatial and temporal trends in the MDN data requires quantification of the variability of the MDN measurements. Variability is quantified for MDN data from collocated samplers...
Remote sensing and GIS technology in the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) Project
B. Raup, Andreas Kaab, J.S. Kargel, M.P. Bishop, G. Hamilton, E. Lee, F. Paul, F. Rau, D. Soltesz, S.J.S. Khalsa, M. Beedle, C. Helm
2007, Computers & Geosciences (33) 104-125
Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) is an international consortium established to acquire satellite images of the world's glaciers, analyze them for glacier extent and changes, and to assess these change data in terms of forcings. The consortium is organized into a system of Regional Centers, each of which...
Conodont index fossil Hindeodus changxingensis Wang fingers greatest mass extinction event
I. Metcalfe, R.S. Nicoll, B. R. Wardlaw
2007, Palaeoworld (16) 202-207
The marine conodont fossil species, Hindeodus changxingensis Wang, that has a distinctive morphology, is restricted to a very narrow stratigraphic interval essentially from the Permian-Triassic extinction event through the internationally recognized boundary and into the very earliest Triassic. The species is geographically widespread in the Tethyan Region, from Italy to...
Seismicity associated with the Sumatra-Andaman Islands earthquake of 26 December 2004
J. W. Dewey, G. Choy, B. Presgrave, S. Sipkin, Arthur C. Tarr, H. Benz, P. Earle, D. Wald
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97)
The U.S. Geological Survey/National Earthquake Information Center (USGS/ NEIC) had computed origins for 5000 earthquakes in the Sumatra-Andaman Islands region in the first 36 weeks after the Sumatra-Andaman Islands mainshock of 26 December 2004. The cataloging of earthquakes of mb (USGS) 5.1 and larger is essentially complete for the time...
Wind erodibility of soils at Fort Irwin, California (Mojave Desert), USA, before and after trampling disturbance: Implications for land management
J. Belnap, S. L. Phillips, J. E. Herrick, J.R. Johansen
2007, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (32) 75-84
Recently disturbed and 'control' (i.e. less recently disturbed) soils in the Mojave Desert were compared for their vulnerability to wind erosion, using a wind tunnel, before and after being experimentally trampled. Before trampling, control sites had greater cyanobacterial biomass, soil surface stability, threshold friction velocities (TFV, i.e. the wind speed...
Hydrothermal fluid flow and deformation in large calderas: Inferences from numerical simulations
Shaul Hurwitz, L.B. Christiansen, Paul A. Hsieh
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Inflation and deflation of large calderas is traditionally interpreted as being induced by volume change of a discrete source embedded in an elastic or viscoelastic half-space, though it has also been suggested that hydrothermal fluids may play a role. To test the latter hypothesis, we...
Distribution, habitat, size, and color pattern of Cnemidophorus lemniscatus (Sauria: Teiidae) on Cayo Cochino Pequeño, Honduras
Chad E. Montgomery, Robert N. Reed, Hayley J. Shaw, Scott M. Boback, James M. Walker
2007, Southwestern Naturalist (52) 38-45
Cayo Cochino Pequeño is a 0.64-km2 Caribbean island in the Cayos Cochinos archipelago, Department of Islas de la Bahía, Honduras. One published report noted the presence of the rainbow whiptail (Cnemidophorus lemniscatus) on Cayo Cochino Pequeño, but nothing is known about the biology of this insular population. During a part of...
