Three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure derived from local earthquakes at the Katmai group of volcanoes, Alaska
A.D. Jolly, S.C. Moran, S.R. McNutt, D.B. Stone
2007, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (159) 326-342
The three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure beneath the Katmai group of volcanoes is determined by inversion of more than 10,000 rays from over 1000 earthquakes recorded on a local 18 station short-period network between September 1996 and May 2001. The inversion is well constrained from sea level to about 6 km below...
Earthquake likelihood model testing
D. Schorlemmer, M.C. Gerstenberger, S. Wiemer, D.D. Jackson, D.A. Rhoades
2007, Seismological Research Letters (78) 17-29
INTRODUCTIONThe Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models (RELM) project aims to produce and evaluate alternate models of earthquake potential (probability per unit volume, magnitude, and time) for California. Based on differing assumptions, these models are produced to test the validity of their assumptions and to explore which models should be incorporated...
Scaling local species-habitat relations to the larger landscape with a hierarchical spatial count model
W.E. Thogmartin, M. G. Knutson
2007, Landscape Ecology (22) 61-75
Much of what is known about avian species-habitat relations has been derived from studies of birds at local scales. It is entirely unclear whether the relations observed at these scales translate to the larger landscape in a predictable linear fashion. We derived habitat models and mapped predicted abundances for three...
Early Tertiary transtension-related deformation and magmatism along the Tintina fault system, Alaska
A.B. Till, S. M. Roeske, D. C. Bradley, R. Friedman, P.W. Layer
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (434) 233-264
Transtensional deformation was concentrated in a zone adjacent to the Tintina strike-slip fault system in Alaska during the early Tertiary. The deformation occurred along the Victoria Creek fault, the trace of the Tintina system that connects it with the Kaltag fault; together the Tintina and Kaltag fault systems girdle Alaska...
Seismic hazard and risk assessment in the intraplate environment: The New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States
Z. Wang
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 363-374
Although the causes of large intraplate earthquakes are still not fully understood, they pose certain hazard and risk to societies. Estimating hazard and risk in these regions is difficult because of lack of earthquake records. The New Madrid seismic zone is one such region where large and rare intraplate earthquakes...
The Russell gold deposit, Carolina Slate Belt, North Carolina
T. L. Klein, C. G. Cunningham, M.A.V. Logan, R.R. Seal II
2007, Economic Geology (102) 239-256
Gold deposits have been mined in the Carolina slate belt from the early 1800s to recent times, with most of the production from large mines in South Carolina. The Russell mine, one of the larger producers in North Carolina, is located in the central Uwharrie Mountains, and produced over 470...
The instantaneous rate dependence in low temperature laboratory rock friction and rock deformation experiments
N.M. Beeler, T.E. Tullis, A. K. Kronenberg, L.A. Reinen
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Earthquake occurrence probabilities that account for stress transfer and time-dependent failure depend on the product of the effective normal stress and a lab-derived dimensionless coefficient a. This coefficient describes the instantaneous dependence of fault strength on deformation rate, and determines the duration of precursory slip....
A simple daily soil-water balance model for estimating the spatial and temporal distribution of groundwater recharge in temperate humid areas
W. R. Dripps, K. R. Bradbury
2007, Hydrogeology Journal (15) 433-444
Quantifying the spatial and temporal distribution of natural groundwater recharge is usually a prerequisite for effective groundwater modeling and management. As flow models become increasingly utilized for management decisions, there is an increased need for simple, practical methods to delineate recharge zones and quantify recharge rates. Existing models for estimating...
Upper triassic continental margin strata of the central alaska range: Implications for paleogeographic reconstruction
A.B. Till, A. G. Harris, B. R. Wardlaw, M. Mullen
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (431) 191-205
Remnants of a Late Triassic continental margin and ocean basin are scattered across central and southern Alaska. Little is known about the fundamental nature of the margin because most remnants have not been studied in detail and a protracted period of terrane accretion and margin-parallel translation has disrupted original...
Depredation of common eider, Somateria mollissima, nests on a central Beaufort Sea barrier island: A case where no one wins
John A. Reed, Deborah L. Lacroix, Paul L. Flint
2007, Canadian Field-Naturalist (121) 308-312
Along the central Beaufort Sea, Pacific Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigra) nest on unvegetated, barrier islands; often near nesting Glaucous Gulls (Larus hyperboreus). Nest-site choice likely reflects a strategy of predator avoidance: nesting on islands to avoid mammalian predators and near territorial gulls to avoid other avian predators. We observed...
Effect of lipid extraction on analyses of stable carbon and stable nitrogen isotopes in coastal organisms of the Aleutian archipelago
M.A. Ricca, A.K. Miles, R.G. Anthony, X. Deng, S. S. O. Hung
2007, Canadian Journal of Zoology (85) 40-48
We tested whether extracting lipids reduced confounding variation in ??13C and ??15N values by analyzing paired lipid-extracted (LE) and non-lipid-extracted (NLE) samples of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus (L., 1766)) whole eggs, muscle tissue from nine seabird and one terrestrial bird species, muscle tissue from four marine fish species, and blue...
Hydrogeologic controls imposed by mechanical stratigraphy in layered rocks of the Chateauguay River Basin, a U.S.-Canada transborder aquifer
Roger H. Morin, Rejean Godin, Miroslav Nastev, Alain Rouleau
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] The Châteauguay River Basin delineates a transborder watershed with roughly half of its surface area located in northern New York State and half in southern Québec Province, Canada. As part of a multidisciplinary study designed to characterize the hydrogeologic properties of this basin, geophysical logs were obtained in 12...
Nitrate dynamics within the Pajaro River, a nutrient-rich, losing stream
C.R. Ruehl, A.T. Fisher, Huertos M. Los, Scott D. Wankel, C.G. Wheat, Carol Kendall, C.E. Hatch, C. Shennan
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 191-206
The major ion chemistry of water from an 11.42-km reach of the Pajaro River, a losing stream in central coastal California, shows a consistent pattern of higher concentrations during the 2nd (dry) half of the water year. Most solutes are conserved during flow along the reach, but [NO3−] decreases by...
Hydrologic significance of carbon monoxide concentrations in ground water
Francis H. Chapelle, Paul M. Bradley
2007, Ground Water (45) 272-280
Dissolved carbon monoxide (CO) is present in ground water produced from a variety of aquifer systems at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 20 nanomoles per liter (0.0056 to 0.56 μg/L). In two shallow aquifers, one an unconsolidated coastal plain aquifer in Kings Bay, Georgia, and the other a fractured‐bedrock aquifer...
Duration of a large Mafic intrusion and heat transfer in the lower crust: A SHRIMP U-Pb zircon Study in the Ivrea-Verbano Zone (Western Alps, Italy)
G. Peressini, J. E. Quick, S. Sinigoi, A.W. Hofmann, M. Fanning
2007, Journal of Petrology (48) 1185-1218
The Ivrea-Verbano Zone in the western Italian Alps contains one of the world's classic examples of ponding of mantle-derived, mafic magma in the deep crust. Within it, a voluminous, composite mafic pluton, the Mafic Complex, intruded lower-crustal, high-grade paragneiss of the Kinzigite Formation during Permian-Carboniferous time, and is now exposed...
Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River
J. W. Gartner, N. K. Ganju
2007, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (5) 156-162
Discharge measurements were made by acoustic Doppler current profiler at two locations on the Colorado River during the 2004 controlled flood from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona. Measurement hardware and software have constantly improved from the 1980s such that discharge measurements by acoustic profiling instruments are now routinely made over a...
Evaluation of potentially nonlethal sampling methods for monitoring mercury concentrations in smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)
C. J. Schmitt, W. G. Brumbaugh
2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (53) 84-95
We evaluated three potentially nonlethal alternatives to fillet sampling for the determination of mercury (Hg) concentrations in smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu). Fish (n = 62, 226-464 mm total length) from six sites in southern Missouri were captured by electrofishing. Blood samples (1 mL) from each fish were obtained by caudal...
Establishing a beachhead: A stochastic population model with an Allee effect applied to species invasion
A. S. Ackleh, L.J.S. Allen, J. Carter
2007, Theoretical Population Biology (71) 290-300
We formulated a spatially explicit stochastic population model with an Allee effect in order to explore how invasive species may become established. In our model, we varied the degree of migration between local populations and used an Allee effect with variable birth and death rates. Because of the stochastic component,...
A multidisciplinary study of the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Mussentuchit Wash, Utah: a determination of the paleoenvironment and paleoecology of the Eolambia caroljonesa dinosaur quarry
J.R. Garrison Jr., D. Brinkman, D. J. Nichols, P. Layer, D. Burge, D. Thayn
2007, Cretaceous Research (28) 461-494
A quarry within the Cedar Mountain Formation in Mussentuchit Wash, Emery County, Utah, produced a fossil assemblage containing the remains of at least eight juvenile iguanodontid dinosaurs (Eolambia caroljonesa). The Cedar Mountain Formation lies stratigraphically between the Tithonian-Berriasian (Upper Jurassic) Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation and the Cenomanian...
Population-specific demographic estimates provide insights into declines of Lark Buntings (Calamospiza melanocorys)
A. A. Yackel Adams, S. K. Skagen, J. A. Savidge
2007, The Auk (124) 578-593
Many North American prairie bird populations have recently declined, and the causes of these declines remain largely unknown. To determine whether population limitation occurs during breeding, we evaluated the stability of a population of prairie birds using population-specific values for fecundity and postfledging survival. During 2001-2003, we radiomarked 67 female...
Lead (Pb) in old Antarctic ice: Some from dust, some from other sources
T. Hinkley
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Recently published data on amounts and isotopic compositions of lead (Pb) and on amounts of mineral dust in pre-industrial Antarctic ice can be further interpreted by means of simple calculations. These show that two distinct types of Pb were provided by the atmosphere to the continent in varying proportions during...
Migration of bats past a remote island offers clues toward the problem of bat fatalities at wind turbines
P.M. Cryan, A.C. Brown
2007, Biological Conservation (139) 1-11
Wind energy is rapidly becoming a viable source of alternative energy, but wind turbines are killing bats in many areas of North America. Most of the bats killed by turbines thus far have been migratory species that roost in trees throughout the year, and the highest fatality events appear to...
Altered mangrove wetlands as habitat for estuarine nekton: are dredged channels and tidal creeks equivalent?
Justin M. Krebs, Adam B. Brame, Carole C. McIvor
2007, Bulletin of Marine Science (80) 839-861
Hasty decisions are often made regarding the restoration of "altered" habitats, when in fact the ecological value of these habitats may be comparable to natural ones. To assess the "value" of altered mangrove-lined habitats for nekton, we sampled for 1 yr within three Tampa Bay wetlands. Species composition, abundance, and...
Breeding biology of passerines in a subtropical montane forest in northwestern Argentina
S.K. Auer, R.D. Bassar, J.J. Fontaine, T. E. Martin
2007, Condor (109) 321-333
The breeding ecology of south temperate bird species is less widely known than that of north temperate species, yet because they comprise a large portion of the world's avian diversity, knowledge of their breeding ecology can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the geographic diversity of avian reproductive traits...
Effect of horseshoe crab spawning density on nest disturbance and exhumation of eggs: A simulation study
D. R. Smith
2007, Estuaries and Coasts (30) 287-295
Because the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) population is managed to provide for dependent species, such as migratory shorebirds, there is a need to understand the process of egg exhumation and to predict eggs available to foraging shorebirds. A simple spatial model was used to simulate horseshoe crab spawning...
