Correlations between Cassini VIMS spectra and RADAR SAR images: Implications for Titan's surface composition and the character of the Huygens Probe Landing Site
Laurence A. Soderblom, Randolph L. Kirk, Jonathan I. Lunine, Jeffrey A. Anderson, Kevin H. Baines, Jason W. Barnes, Janet M. Barrett, Robert H. Brown, Bonnie J. Buratti, Roger N. Clark, Dale P. Cruikshank, Charles Elachi, Michael A. Janssen, Ralf Jaumann, Erich Karkoschka, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Rosaly Lopes, Ralph D. Lorenz, Thomas B. McCord, Philip D. Nicholson, Jani Radebaugh, Bashar Rizk, Christophe Sotin, Ellen R. Stofan, Tracie L. Sucharski, Martin G. Tomasko, Stephen D. Wall
2007, Planetary and Space Science (55) 2025-2036
Titan's vast equatorial fields of RADAR-dark longitudinal dunes seen in Cassini RADAR synthetic aperture images correlate with one of two dark surface units discriminated as “brown” and “blue” in Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) color composites of short-wavelength infrared spectral cubes (RGB as 2.0, 1.6, 1.3 μm). In such composites...
Cleats and their relation to geologic lineaments and coalbed methane potential in Pennsylvanian coals in Indiana
W. Solano-Acosta, Maria Mastalerz, A. Schimmelmann
2007, International Journal of Coal Geology (72) 187-208
Cleats and fractures in Pennsylvanian coals in southwestern Indiana were described, statistically analyzed, and subsequently interpreted in terms of their origin, relation to geologic lineaments, and significance for coal permeability and coalbed gas generation and storage. These cleats can be interpreted as the result of superimposed endogenic and exogenic processes....
Evaluation of a small beach nourishment project to enhance habitat suitability for horseshoe crabs
N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, R. Tiyarattanachai, K.F. Nordstrom
2007, Geomorphology (89) 172-185
This field study evaluates the effect of nourishing an estuarine beach with gravel to enhance spawning rates by horseshoe crabs. A total of 564??m3 of coarse sand and gravel were emplaced in two 90??m-long treatment segments at Bowers Beach, Delaware, USA from 9 to 11 April 2002. Field data were...
Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems
Jacob A. Covault, William R. Normark, Brian W. Romans, Stephan A. Graham
2007, Geology (35) 783-786
Contrary to widely used sequence-stratigraphic models, lowstand fans are only part of the turbidite depositional record; our analysis reveals that a comparable volume of coarse-grained sediment has been deposited in California borderland deep-water basins regardless of sea level. Sedimentation rates and periods of...
Steeply dipping heaving bedrock, Colorado: Part 3 - Environmental controls and heaving processes
D.C. Noe, J.D. Higgins, H. W. Olsen
2007, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (13) 325-344
This paper examines the environmental processes and mechanisms that govern differential heaving in steeply dipping claystone bedrock near Denver, Colorado. Three potential heave mechanisms and causal processes were evaluated: (1) rebound expansion, from reduced overburden stress; (2) expansive gypsum-crystal precipitation, from oxidation of pyrite; and (3) swelling of clay minerals,...
Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish
H. Jiang, C. Brownie, J.E. Hightower, K. H. Pollock
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 773-781
Current methods for estimation of age- and year-specific instantaneous mortality rates based on multiyear, multiple-age tagging studies assume that it is feasible to tag fish in a wide range of ages. For some species, however, only the youngest one or two age-classes are readily available for tagging. Given the practical...
Effect of relative volume on radio transmitter expulsion in subadult common carp
C.R. Penne, N.L. Ahrens, R.C. Summerfelt, C.L. Pierce
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 986-991
Expulsion of surgically implanted radio transmitters is a problem in some fish telemetry studies. We conducted a 109-d experiment to test the hypothesis that variation in relative volume of transmitters surgically implanted in subadult common carp Cyprinus carpio would affect transmitter expulsion. We also necropsied fish at the end of...
A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico
Stephen C. Hook, William A. Cobban
2007, New Mexico Geology (29) 75-96
The upper part of the Dakota Sandstone exposed on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, northern Socorro County, New Mexico, is a condensed, Upper Cretaceous, marine succession spanning the first five middle Cenomanian ammonite zones of the U.S. Western Interior. Farther north in New Mexico these five ammonite zones occur over...
Robust 24 ± 6 ka 40Ar/39Ar age of a low-potassium tholeiitic basalt in the Lassen region of NE California
Brent D. Turrin, L.J. Patrick Muffler, Michael A. Clynne, Duane E. Champion
2007, Quaternary Research (68) 96-110
40Ar/39Ar ages on the Hat Creek Basalt (HCB) and stratigraphically related lava flows show that latest Pleistocene tholeiitic basalt with very low K2O can be dated reliably. The HCB underlies ∼ 15 ka glacial gravel and overlies four andesite and basaltic andesite lava flows that yield 40Ar/39Ar ages of 38 ± 7 ka (Cinder Butte; 1.65%...
Application of a source apportionment model in consideration of volatile organic compounds in an urban stream
W.E. Asher, W. Luo, K.W. Campo, D.A. Bender, K. W. Robinson, J.S. Zogorski, J. F. Pankow
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1606-1613
Position-dependent concentrations of trichloroethylene and methyl-tert-butyl ether are considered for a 2.81-km section of the Aberjona River in Massachusetts, USA. This river flows through Woburn and Winchester (Massachusetts, USA), an area that is highly urbanized, has a long history of industrial activities dating to the early 1800s, and has gained...
Differentiating pedogenesis from diagenesis in early terrestrial paleoweathering surfaces formed on granitic composition parent materials
S.G. Driese, L.G. Medaris Jr., M. Ren, Anthony C. Runkel, R.P. Langford
2007, Journal of Geology (115) 387-406
Unconformable surfaces separating Precambrian crystalline basement and overlying Proterozoic to Cambrian sedimentary rocks provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the role of primitive soil ecosystems in weathering and resultant formation of saprolite (weathered rock retaining rock structure) and regolith (weathered rock without rock structure), but many appear to have been...
Spatial and temporal variations in silver contamination and toxicity in San Francisco Bay
A.R. Flegal, Cynthia L. Brown, S. Squire, J.R.M. Ross, G.M. Scelfo, S. Hibdon
2007, Environmental Research (105) 34-52
Although San Francisco Bay has a "Golden Gate", it may be argued that it is the "Silver Estuary". For at one time the Bay was reported to have the highest levels of silver in its sediments and biota, along with the only accurately measured values of silver in solution, of...
Influence of fire on black-tailed prairie dog colony expansion in shortgrass steppe
D.J. Augustine, J.F. Cully Jr., T. L. Johnson
2007, Rangeland Ecology and Management (60) 538-542
Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies are of interest to rangeland managers because of the significant influence prairie dogs can exert on both livestock and biodiversity. We examined the influence of 4 prescribed burns and one wildfire on the rate and direction of...
The instantaneous rate dependence in low temperature laboratory rock friction and rock deformation experiments
N.M. Beeler, T.E. Tullis, A. K. Kronenberg, L.A. Reinen
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
[1] Earthquake occurrence probabilities that account for stress transfer and time-dependent failure depend on the product of the effective normal stress and a lab-derived dimensionless coefficient a. This coefficient describes the instantaneous dependence of fault strength on deformation rate, and determines the duration of precursory slip....
San Diego Multiple Species Conservation Program (MSCP) Rare Plant Monitoring Review and Revision
Kathryn McEachern, Bruce M. Pavlik, Jon Rebman, Rob Sutter
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5016
Introduction The San Diego Multiple Species Conservation Program (MSCP) was developed for the conservation of plants and animals in the south part of San Diego County, under the California Natural Community Conservation Planning Act of 1991 (California Department of Fish and Game) and the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as...
Pattern and potential causes of White-faced Ibis, Plegadis chihi, establishment in the northern prairie and parkland region of North America
Jill A. Shaffer, Gregory A. Knutsen, Ron E. Martin, Joel S. Brice
2007, Canadian Field-Naturalist (121) 46-56
The Northern Prairie and Parkland Waterbird Conservation Plan calls for renewed attention to determining the current status of waterbird populations, their distributions, and conservation needs. It highlights the need for baseline information on the White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi). In response, we examined the historical and current distribution of the ibis...
Eutrophication study at the Panjiakou-Daheiting Reservoir system, northern Hebei Province, People's Republic of China: Chlorophyll-a model and sources of phosphorus and nitrogen
Joseph L. Domagalski, Chao Lin, Yang Luo, Jie Kang, Shaoming Wang, Larry R. Brown, Mark D. Munn
2007, Agricultural Water Management (94) 43-53
Concentrations, loads, and sources of nitrate and total phosphorus were investigated at the Panjiakou and Daheiting Reservoir system in northern Hebei Province, People's Republic of China. The Luan He River is the primary source of water to these reservoirs, and the upstream watershed has a mix of land uses including...
Mineral resource of the month: vanadium
Michael J. Magyar
2007, Geotimes (2007)
Vanadium, the name of which comes from Vanadis, a goddess in Scandinavian mythology, is one of the most important ferrous metals. Vanadium has many uses, but the metal’s metallurgical applications, such as an alloying element in iron and steel, account for more than 85 percent of U.S. consumption. The dominant...
Geology and Mineral Resources of the East Mojave National Scenic Area, San Bernardino County, California
Ted G. Theodore, editor(s)
2007, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2414
From our evaluations that largely used model-based criteria, we conclude that much of the East Mojave National Scenic Area (EMNSA) contains significant indications of epigenetic mineralization of various types. Economically significant concentrations of many metals may possibly remain to be discovered in many parts of the EMNSA (see also Wetzel...
Summary of preliminary 2D inundation modeling for three Hattian landslide dam breach scenarios
Roger P. Denlinger, Daniel R.H. O’Connell, Matt Jones
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1094
On October 8, 2005, a M 7.6 earthquake near Muzafarrabad, Pakistan, triggered a landslide that dammed the Karli River and one of its tributaries about 4 km upstream of the confluence of the Karli and Jhelum rivers near the town of Hattian Bala. The smaller dam on the tributary of...
Monitoring biological diversity: strategies, tools, limitations, and challenges
E.A. Beever
2006, Northwestern Naturalist (87) 66-79
Monitoring is an assessment of the spatial and temporal variability in one or more ecosystem properties, and is an essential component of adaptive management. Monitoring can help determine whether mandated environmental standards are being met and can provide an early-warning system of ecological change. Development of a strategy for monitoring...
Taxonomic considerations in listing subspecies under the U.S. Endangered Species Act
S. M. Haig, E.A. Beever, Steven M. Chambers, Hope M. Draheim, Bruce D. Dugger, Susie Dunham, Elise Elliott-Smith, Joseph B. Fontaine, Dylan C. Kesler, Brian J. Knaus, Iara F. Lopes, Peter J. Loschl, Thomas D. Mullins, Lisa M. Sheffield
2006, Conservation Biology (20) 1584-1594
The U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) allows listing of subspecies and other groupings below the rank of species. This provides the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service with a means to target the most critical unit in need of conservation. Although roughly one-quarter of listed...
Generalized site occupancy models allowing for false positive and false negative errors
J. Andrew Royle, W.A. Link
2006, Ecology (87) 835-841
Site occupancy models have been developed that allow for imperfect species detection or ?false negative? observations. Such models have become widely adopted in surveys of many taxa. The most fundamental assumption underlying these models is that ?false positive? errors are not possible. That is, one cannot detect a...
Risk assessment test for lead bioaccessibility to waterfowl in mine-impacted soils
O. Furman, D.G. Strawn, G. H. Heinz, B. Williams
2006, Journal of Environmental Quality (35) 450-458
Due to variations in soil physicochemical properties, species physiology, and contaminant speciation, Pb toxicity is difficult to evaluate without conducting in vivo dose-response studies. Such tests, however, are expensive and time consuming, making them impractical to use in assessment and management of contaminated environments. One possible alternative is...
Combining multistate capture-recapture data with tag recoveries to estimate demographic parameters
W. L. Kendall, P.B. Conn, J.E. Hines
2006, Ecology (87) 169-177
Matrix population models that allow an animal to occupy more than one state over time are important tools for population and evolutionary ecologists. Definition of state can vary, including location for metapopulation models and breeding state for life history models. For populations whose members can be marked and...
