Temporal organization of an anuran acoustic community in a Taiwanese subtropical forest
M.-Y. Hsu, Y.-C. Kam, G. M. Fellers
2006, Journal of Zoology (269) 331-339
We recorded anuran vocalizations in each of four habitats at Lien Hua Chih Field Station, Taiwan, between July 2000 and July 2001. For each 27 biweekly sample, eight recorders taped calls for 1 min out of every 11 between the hours of 17:00 and 07:00. We obtained 11 481 recordings...
Abundance of adult horseshoe crabs (Limulus polylphemus) in Delaware Bay estimated from a bay-wide mark-recapture study
D. R. Smith, M. J. Millard, S. Eyler
2006, Fishery Bulletin (104) 456-464
Estimates of the abundance of American horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are important to determine egg production and to manage populations for the energetic needs of shorebirds that feed on horseshoe crab eggs. In 2003, over 17,500 horseshoe crabs were tagged and released throughout Delaware Bay, and recaptured crabs came from...
A model for autumn pelagic distribution of adult female polar bears in the Chukchi Seas, 1987-1994
George M. Durner, David C. Douglas, R. M. Nielson, Steven C. Amstrup
2006, Report
We made predictions of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) autumn distribution in the Chukchi Sea with a Resource Selection Function (RSF) developed from 1198 satellite radio-collar locations on 124 adult female polar bears, 1987 – 1994. The RSF was created to assist in an aerial survey design for polar bears proposed...
Use of buccal swabs for sampling DNA from nestling and adult birds
Colleen M. Handel, Lisa M. Pajot, Sandra L. Talbot, George K. Sage
2006, Wildlife Society Bulletin (34) 1094-1100
We evaluated the feasibility and efficiency of using swabs to collect buccal epithelial cells fromsmall (2‐ to 13‐g) birds as a source of DNA for genetic studies. We used commercially available buccal swab kits to collect samples from 42 adult and 39 nestling (4‐ to 8‐day‐old) black‐capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and from6 4‐day‐old nestling boreal chickadees (P. hudsonica)....
Patterns of growth and body condition in sea otters from the Aleutian archipelago before and after the recent population decline
K.L. Laidre, J. A. Estes, M. T. Tinker, James L. Bodkin, Daniel H. Monson, K. Schneider
2006, Journal of Animal Ecology (75) 978-989
1. Growth models for body mass and length were fitted to data collected from 1842 sea otters Enhydra lutris shot or live-captured throughout south-west Alaska between 1967 and 2004. Growth curves were constructed for each of two main year groups: 1967–71 when the population was at or near carrying capacity and 1992–97...
Family Salmonidae Truchas; Trouts and salmons
D.A. Hendrickson, J. L. Nielsen, Richard L. Mayden, S.M. Norris
R.R. Miller, W.L. Minkley, S.M. Norris, editor(s)
2006, Book chapter, Freshwater Fishes of Mexico
Radiometric ages of the Fire Clay tonstein [Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous), Westphalian, Duckmantian]: A comparison of U-Pb zircon single-crystal ages and 40Ar/39Ar sanidine single-crystal plateau ages
P.C. Lyons, T.E. Krogh, Y.Y. Kwok, D.W. Davis, W.F. Outerbridge, H. T. Evans Jr.
2006, International Journal of Coal Geology (67) 259-266
The Fire Clay tonstein [Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous), Westphalian Series, Duckmantian Stage]-a kaolinized, volcanic-ash deposit occurring in Kentucky, West Virginia, Tennessee, and Virginia-is the most widespread bed in the Middle Pennsylvanian of the central Appalachian basin, USA. A concordant single-crystal U-Pb zircon datum for this tonstein gives a 206Pb/238U age of...
Satellite-derived, melt-season surface temperature of the Greenland Ice Sheet (2000-2005) and its relationship to mass balance
D.K. Hall, R.S. Williams Jr., K.A. Casey, N.E. DiGirolamo, Z. Wan
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
Mean, clear-sky surface temperature of the Greenland Ice Sheet was measured for each melt season from 2000 to 2005 using Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)–derived land-surface temperature (LST) data-product maps. During the period of most-active melt, the mean, clear-sky surface temperature of the ice sheet was highest in 2002 (−8.29 ±...
Composition of aeolian dust in natural traps on isolated surfaces of the central Mojave Desert - Insights to mixing, sources, and nutrient inputs
R. L. Reynolds, M. Reheis, J. Yount, P. Lamothe
2006, Journal of Arid Environments (66) 42-61
The recognition and characterization of aeolian dust in soil contribute to a better understanding of landscape and ecosystem dynamics of drylands. Results of this study show that recently deposited dust, sampled in isolated, mostly high-ground settings, is chemically and mineralogically similar on varied geologic substrates over a large area (15...
Steelhead of the south-central/southern California coast: Population characterization for recovery planning
David A. Boughton, P.B. Adams, E. Anderson, Craig Fusaro, E. Keller, Elsie Kelley, Leo Lentsch, J. L. Nielsen, Katie Perry, Helen Regan, C. Swift, Fred Watson
2006, Report
This report by the National Marine Fisheries Service applies a formal evaluation framework to the problem of delineating Oncorhynchus mykiss populations in the South-Central/Southern California Coast recovery domain, in support of recovery planning under the Endangered Species Act....
Effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys varies among dabbling duck species and locations
Joshua T. Ackerman, J.M. Eadie, M.L. Szymanski, J.H. Caswell, Mark P. Vrtiska, Andrew H. Raedeke, J.M. Checkett, A. D. Afton, T.G. Moore, F. Dale Caswell, R. A. Walters, D.D. Humburg, J.L. Yee
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 799-804
Spinning-wing decoys are strong attractants to ducks and inc rease kill rates over traditional decoying methods. However, it is unknown whether all duck species are attracted similarly to spinning-wing decoys and whether the effectiveness of these decoys changes with latitude. We examined the effectiveness of spinning-wing decoys for 9 species...
Effects of chronic avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) infection on reproductive success of Hawaii Amakihi (Hemignathus virens)
A.M. Kilpatrick, D.A. Lapointe, C. T. Atkinson, B.L. Woodworth, J.K. Lease, M.E. Reiter, K. Gross
2006, The Auk (123) 764-774
We studied the effects of chronic avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) infections on the reproductive success of a native Hawaiian honeycreeper, Hawaii Amakihi (Hemignathus virens). Chronic malaria infections in male and female parents did not significantly reduce reproductive success as measured by clutch size, hatching success, fledging mass, number of nestlings...
The influence of hazard models on GIS-based regional risk assessments and mitigation policies
R. L. Bernknopf, S.J.M. Rabinovici, N.J. Wood, L.B. Dinitz
2006, International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management (6) 369-387
Geographic information systems (GIS) are important tools for understanding and communicating the spatial distribution of risks associated with natural hazards in regional economies. We present a GIS-based decision support system (DSS) for assessing community vulnerability to natural hazards and evaluating potential mitigation policy outcomes. The Land Use Portfolio Modeler (LUPM)...
Current subsidence rates due to compaction of Holocene sediments in southern Louisiana
T.A. Meckel, Uri S. ten Brink, S.J. Williams
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
Relative contributions of geologic and anthropogenic processes to subsidence of southern Louisiana are vigorously debated. Of these, shallow sediment compaction is often considered dominant, although this has never been directly observed or effectively demonstrated. Quantitative understanding of subsidence is important for predicting relative sea level rise, storm surge flooding due...
Use of Picard and Newton iteration for solving nonlinear ground water flow equations
S. Mehl
2006, Ground Water (44) 583-594
This study examines the use of Picard and Newton iteration to solve the nonlinear, saturated ground water flow equation. Here, a simple three-node problem is used to demonstrate the convergence difficulties that can arise when solving the nonlinear, saturated ground water flow equation in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems with...
Spatial nonlinearities: Cascading effects in the earth system
Debra P.C. Peters, R.A. Pielke, B.T. Bestelmeyer, Craig D. Allen, Stuart Munson-McGee, K. M. Havstad
Josep G. Canadell, Diane E. Pataki, Louis F. Pitelka, editor(s)
2006, Book chapter, Terrestrial ecosystems in a changing world
Nonlinear behavior is prevalent in all aspects of the Earth System, including ecological responses to global change (Gallagher and Appenzeller 1999; Steffen et al. 2004). Nonlinear behavior refers to a large, discontinuous change in response to a small change in a driving variable (Rial et al. 2004). In contrast to...
Groundwater-surface water interaction in the riparian zone of an incised channel, Walnut Creek, Iowa
K. E. Schilling, Z. Li, Y.-K. Zhang
2006, Journal of Hydrology (327) 140-150
Riparian zones of many incised channels in agricultural regions are cropped to the channel edge leaving them unvegetated for large portions of the year. In this study we evaluated surface and groundwater interaction in the riparian zone of an incised stream during a spring high flow period using detailed stream...
Palaeomagnetic intensities from 14C-dated lava flows on the Big Island, Hawaii: 0-21 kyr
Nicola Pressling, Carlo Laj, Catherie Kissel, Duane E. Champion, David Gubbins
2006, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (247) 26-40
Thellier–Thellier experiments were carried out on 216 lava samples collected by the USGS on the Big Island. 35 individual flows from the Kilauea, Mauna Loa and Hualalai volcanoes are represented and independent radiocarbon dating of the flows yields absolute ages ranging from 290 to 20,240 yrs old. The palaeomagnetic analysis was...
CO32- concentration and pCO2 thresholds for calcification and dissolution on the Molokai reef flat, Hawaii
K. K. Yates, R. B. Halley
2006, Biogeosciences (3) 357-369
The severity of the impact of elevated atmospheric pCO2 to coral reef ecosystems depends, in part, on how sea-water pCO2 affects the balance between calcification and dissolution of carbonate sediments. Presently, there are insufficient published data that relate concentrations of pCO 2 and CO32- to in situ rates of reef...
Spatial epidemiology of chronic wasting disease in Wisconsin white-tailed deer
D.O. Joly, M.D. Samuel, J.A. Langenberg, Julie A. Blanchong, C.A. Batha, R.E. Rolley, D.P. Keane, C. A. Ribic
2006, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (42) 578-588
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal, emerging disease of cervids associated with transmissible protease-resistant prion proteins. The potential for CWD to cause dramatic declines in deer and elk populations and perceived human health risks associated with consuming CWD-contaminated venison have led wildlife agencies to embark on extensive CWD control...
Calcite-graphite thermometry of the Franklin Marble, New Jersey Highlands
W.H. Peck, R.A. Volkert, M.T. Meredith, E.L. Rader
2006, Journal of Geology (114) 485-499
We present new stable-isotope data for the Mesoproterozoic Franklin Marble from outcrops along an 80-km traverse parallel to and across strike of the structural grain of the western New Jersey Highlands. Calcite and dolomite from marble have an average ??13C of 0.35??? ?? 0.73??? PDB (n = 46) and a...
Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival
L.E. Ellison, T. J. O'Shea, J. Wimsatt, R.D. Pearce, D.J. Neubaum, M.A. Neubaum, R. A. Bowen
2006, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (42) 849-852
Blood was collected from wild big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with and without anesthesia in Fort Collins, Colorado in 2004 to assess the impacts of these procedures on short-term survival and 1-yr return rates. Short-term survival and 1-yr return rates after release were passively monitored using PIT tag detection hoops...
Spatial and temporal patterns of wildfires in the Mojave Desert, 1980-2004
M.L. Brooks, J.R. Matchett
2006, Journal of Arid Environments (67) 148-164
Fire has been historically infrequent in the Mojave Desert, and its increased prevalence caused by the invasion of non-native annual grasses is a major concern for land managers there. The most dramatic changes have occurred in middle elevation shrublands dominated by creosotebush (Larrea tridentata), Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia), and/or blackbrush...
Airport geomagnetic surveys in the United States
A. Berarducci
2006, NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security 247-258
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the United States military have requirements for design, location, and construction of compass calibration pads (compass roses), these having been developed through collaboration with US Geological Survey (USGS) personnel. These requirements are detailed in the FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5300-13, Appendix 4, and in...
Using digital photographs and object-based image analysis to estimate percent ground cover in vegetation plots
J.D. Luscier, W.L. Thompson, J. M. Wilson, B.E. Gorham, L.D. Dragut
2006, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (4) 408-413
Ground vegetation influences habitat selection and provides critical resources for survival and reproduction of animals. Researchers often employ visual methods to estimate ground cover, but these approaches may be prone to observer bias. We therefore evaluated a method using digital photographs of vegetation to objectively quantify percent ground cover of...
