North Slope, Alaska: Source rock distribution, richness, thermal maturity, and petroleum charge
K. E. Peters, L. B. Magoon, K. J. Bird, Z. C. Valin, M.A. Keller
2006, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (90) 261-292
Four key marine petroleum source rock units were identified, characterized, and mapped in the subsurface to better understand the origin and distribution of petroleum on the North Slope of Alaska. These marine source rocks, from oldest to youngest, include four intervals: (1) Middle-Upper Triassic Shublik Formation, (2) basal condensed section...
Assessment of reproductive effects in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to bleached/unbleached kraft mill effluents
M. S. Sepulveda, D. S. Ruessler, N. D. Denslow, S. E. Holm, T. R. Schoeb, T. S. Gross
2006, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (41) 475-482
This study evaluated the potential effects of different concentrations of bleached/unbleached kraft mill effluent (B/UKME) on several reproductive endpoints in adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The kraft mill studied produces a 50/50 mix of bleached/unbleached market pulp with an estimated release of 36 million gal of effluent/day. Bleaching sequences were...
Age, growth, and mortality of introduced flathead catfish in Atlantic rivers and a review of other populations
T.J. Kwak, William E. Pine III, D.S. Waters
2006, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (26) 73-87
Knowledge of individual growth and mortality rates of an introduced fish population is required to determine the success and degree of establishment as well as to predict the fish's impact on native fauna. The age and growth of flathead catfish Pylodictis olivaris have been studied extensively in the species' native...
Negative correlation between porosity and hydraulic conductivity in sand-and-gravel aquifers at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA
R. H. Morin
2006, Journal of Hydrology (316) 43-52
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Effects of water removal on a Hawaiian stream ecosystem
R. A. Kinzie III, C. Chong, J. Devrell, D. Lindstrom, R. Wolff
2006, Pacific Science (60) 1-47
A 3-year study of Wainiha River on Kaua'i, Hawai'i, was carried out to determine the impact that water removal had on key stream ecosystem parameters and functions. The study area included a diversion dam for a hydroelectric plant that removes water at an elevation of 213 m and returns it...
Effects of predation, flooding, and contamination on reproductive success of California Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) in San Francisco Bay
S.E. Schwarzbach, J.D. Albertson, C.M. Thomas
2006, The Auk (123) 45-60
We assessed the reproductive success of the California Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus), an endangered subspecies restricted to San Francisco Bay, and the relative importance of predation, flooding, and contaminants as factors affecting that success. Our study was conducted in six tidal marshes in the northern and southern reaches of...
Distribution of tui chub in the Cow Head basin, Nevada and California
G.G. Scoppettone, P.H. Rissler
2006, California Fish and Game (92) 106-112
[No abstract available]...
Empirical parameterization of setup, swash, and runup
H.F. Stockdon, R.A. Holman, P.A. Howd, A. H. Sallenger Jr.
2006, Coastal Engineering (53) 573-588
Using shoreline water-level time series collected during 10 dynamically diverse field experiments, an empirical parameterization for extreme runup, defined by the 2% exceedence value, has been developed for use on natural beaches over a wide range of conditions. Runup, the height of discrete water-level maxima, depends on two dynamically different...
Sedimentary deposits of the 26 December 2004 tsunami on the northwest coast of Aceh, Indonesia
A. Moore, Y. Nishimura, G. Gelfenbaum, T. Kamataki, R. Triyono
2006, Earth, Planets and Space (58) 253-258
The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami flooded coastal northern Sumatra to a depth of over 20 m, deposited a discontinuous sheet of sand up to 80 cm thick, and left mud up to 5 km inland. In most places the sand sheet is normally graded, and in some it contains complex internal...
State summaries: West Virginia
B.M. Blake, N. Fedorko, G.H. McColloch
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 122-125
West Virginia mines coal, limestone, sandstone, gravel, clay and other nonfuel materials. Limestone production figures for 2005 are not yet available but in 2004, limestone production accounted for 85.7% of noncoal production on a tonnage basis. In 2005, 327 coal mines reported production during the year. Underground mining accounted for...
Chemical evolution of Miocene wood: Example from the Belchatow brown coal deposit, central Poland
A. Drobniak, Maria Mastalerz
2006, International Journal of Coal Geology (66) 157-178
Miocene conifer wood samples from the Belchatow brown coal deposit in Poland were studied in order to discuss a range of chemical variations that occur as a result of biochemical coalification. Petrographic analysis, ultimate analysis, electron microprobe technique, and FTIR spectroscopy were used in this study. Our data show several...
A Bayesian random effects discrete-choice model for resource selection: Population-level selection inference
D.L. Thomas, D. Johnson, B. Griffith
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 404-412
Modeling the probability of use of land units characterized by discrete and continuous measures, we present a Bayesian random-effects model to assess resource selection. This model provides simultaneous estimation of both individual- and population-level selection. Deviance information criterion (DIC), a Bayesian alternative to AIC that is sample-size specific, is used...
Estimation of elastic moduli in a compressible Gibson half-space by inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocity
J. Xia, Y. Xu, R. D. Miller, C. Chen
2006, Surveys in Geophysics (27) 1-17
A Gibson half-space model (a non-layered Earth model) has the shear modulus varying linearly with depth in an inhomogeneous elastic half-space. In a half-space of sedimentary granular soil under a geostatic state of initial stress, the density and the Poisson's ratio do not vary considerably with depth. In such an...
Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico
Niel Plummer, J.K. Böhlke, M. W. Doughten
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 1757-1763
Groundwater from remote parts of the Middle Rio Grande Basin in north-central New Mexico has perchlorate (ClO4-) concentrations of 0.12−1.8 μg/L. Because the water samples are mostly preanthropogenic in age (0−28 000 years) and there are no industrial sources in the study area, a natural source of the...
Seismic attenuation structure of the Seattle Basin, Washington State from explosive-source refraction data
Q. Li, W.S.D. Wilcock, T. L. Pratt, C.M. Snelson, T.M. Brocher
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 553-571
We used waveform data from the 1999 SHIPS (Seismic Hazard Investigation of Puget Sound) seismic refraction experiment to constrain the attenuation structure of the Seattle basin, Washington State. We inverted the spectral amplitudes of compressional- and shear-wave arrivals for source spectra, site responses, and one- and two-dimensional Q-1 models at...
Estimation of temporary emigration in male toads
E. Muths, R. D. Scherer, P.S. Corn, B.A. Lambert
2006, Ecology (87) 1048-1056
Male boreal toads (Bufo boreas) are thought to return to the breeding site every year but, if absent in a particular year, will be more likely to return the following year. Using Pollock's robust design we estimated temporary emigration (the probability a male toad is absent from a breeding site...
Deep magma transport at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
T. L. Wright, F. W. Klein
2006, LITHOS (87) 50-79
The shallow part of Kilauea's magma system is conceptually well-understood. Long-period and short-period (brittle-failure) earthquake swarms outline a near-vertical magma transport path beneath Kilauea's summit to 20 km depth. A gravity high centered above the magma transport path demonstrates that Kilauea's shallow magma system, established early in the volcano's history,...
Wildlife tuberculosis in South African conservation areas: Implications and challenges
A.L. Michel, Roy G. Bengis, D.F. Keet, M. Hofmeyr, L. M. De Klerk, P.C. Cross, Anna E. Jolles, D. Cooper, I.J. Whyte, P. Buss, J. Godfroid
2006, Veterinary Microbiology (112) 91-100
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, was first diagnosed in African buffalo in South Africa's Kruger National Park in 1990. Over the past 15 years the disease has spread northwards leaving only the most northern buffalo herds unaffected. Evidence suggests that 10 other small and large mammalian species, including large predators,...
Industrial diamond
D.W. Olson
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 36-37
In 2005, estimated world production of natural and synthetic industrial diamond was 630 million carats. Natural industrial diamond deposits were found in more than 35 countries. Synthetic industrial diamond is produced in at least 15 countries. More than 81% of the combined natural and synthetic global output was produced in...
Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben
Steven M. Colman
2006, Sedimentary Geology (185) 113-125
A 277-km network of high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, supplemented with a sidescan-sonar mosaic of the lake floor, was collected in Bear Lake, Utah–Idaho, in order to explore the sedimentary framework of the lake's paleoclimate record. The acoustic stratigraphy is tied to a 120 m deep, continuously cored drill hole in the...
Geochemical constraints on the genesis of the Scheelite dome intrusion-related gold deposit, Tombstone gold belt, Yukon, Canada
J.L. Mair, R.J. Goldfarb, C. A. Johnson, C.J.R. Hart, E.E. Marsh
2006, Economic Geology (101) 523-553
The Scheelite dome intrusion-related gold deposit, western Selwyn basin, Yukon, is hosted in hornfelsed metasedimentary strata that lie adjacent to the exposed apices of a monzogranite to quartz monzonite plutonic complex of the mid-Cretaceous Tombstone-Tungsten magmatic belt, Tintina gold province, Alaska and Yukon. A variety of mineralization styles occur throughout...
Nitrogen
D.A. Kramer
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 45-46
In 2005, ammonia was produced by 15 companies at 26 plants in 16 states in the United States. Of the total ammonia production capacity, 55% was centered in Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas because of their large reserves of natural gas. US producers operated at 66% of their rated capacity. In...
Glacial Lake Musselshell: Late Wisconsin slackwater on the Laurentide ice margin in central Montana, USA
N.K. Davis, W. W. Locke III, K. L. Pierce, R.C. Finkel
2006, Geomorphology (75) 330-345
Cosmogenic surface exposure ages of glacial boulders deposited in ice-marginal Lake Musselshell suggest that the lake existed between 20 and 11.5 ka during the Late Wisconsin glacial stage (MIS 2), rather than during the Late Illinoian stage (MIS 6) as traditionally thought. The altitude of the highest ice-rafted boulders and...
Beyond the obvious limits of ore deposits: The use of mineralogical, geochemical, and biological features for the remote detection of mineralization
D. L. Kelley, K.D. Kelley, W.B. Coker, B. Caughlin, M.E. Doherty
2006, Economic Geology (101) 729-752
Far field features of ore deposits include mineralogical, geochemical, or biological attributes that can be recognized beyond the obvious limits of the deposits. They can be primary, if formed in association with mineralization or alteration processes, or secondary, if formed from the interaction of ore deposits with the hydrosphere and...
Belowground carbon balance and carbon accumulation rate in the successional series of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest
G. Zhou, S. Liu, X. Tang, X. Ouyang, Dongxiao Zhang, J. Liu, J. Yan, C. Zhou, Y. Luo, L. Guan, Yajing Liu
2006, Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences (49) 311-321
The balance, accumulation rate and temporal dynamics of belowground carbon in the successional series of monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest are obtained in this paper, based on long-term observations to the soil organic matter, input and standing biomass of litter and coarse woody debris, and dissolved organic carbon carried in the...
