Predation on walleye eggs by fish on reefs in western Lake Erie
E.F. Roseman, W.W. Taylor, D.B. Hayes, A.L. Jones, J.T. Francis
2006, Journal of Great Lakes Research (32) 415-423
We examined diets of fishes from gillnet and egg pump collections conducted on reefs in western Lake Erie during walleye (Sander vitreus) egg incubation periods from 1994–1999 and 2004 to assess incidence of walleye eggs in fish diets. We collected no potential egg predators in samples taken in 1994 but...
The diamondback terrapin: The biology, ecology, cultural history, and conservation status of an obligate estuarine turtle
K.M. Hart, D.S. Lee
Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V., editor(s)
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 206-213
Ranging from Cape Cod to nearly the Texas-Mexico border, the diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is the only species of North American turtle restricted to estuarine systems. Despite this extensive distribution, its zone of occurrence is very linear, and in places fragmented, resulting in a relatively small total area of occupancy....
Influence of layer charge and charge distribution of smectites on the flow behaviour and swelling of bentonites
G.E. Christidis, A.E. Blum, D. D. Eberl
2006, Applied Clay Science (34) 125-138
The influence of layer charge and charge distribution of dioctahedral smectites on the rheological and swelling properties of bentonites is examined. Layer charge and charge distribution were determined by XRD using the LayerCharge program [Christidis, G.E., Eberl, D.D., 2003. Determination of layer charge characteristics of smectites. Clays Clay Miner. 51,...
Estimating shorebird numbers at migration stopover sites
A. Farmer, F. Durbian
2006, Condor (108) 792-807
We describe a method for estimating the total number of shorebirds that use a migration stopover site during spring and fall migration. We combined weekly shorebird counts with parameter estimates for detection probability, sampled proportion, and length of stay on the Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge. Double sampling was used...
The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 alters multiple signaling pathways to inhibit natural killer cell death
D. L. Hodge, J.J. Subleski, D. A. Reynolds, M.D. Buschman, W. B. Schill, M.W. Burkett, A.M. Malyguine, H. A. Young
2006, Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research (26) 706-718
The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-18 (IL-18), is a natural killer (NK) cell activator that induces NK cell cytotoxicity and interferon-?? (IFN-??) expression. In this report, we define a novel role for IL-18 as an NK cell protective agent. Specifically, IL-18 prevents NK cell death initiated by different and distinct stress mechanisms....
Are southern California's fragmented saltmarshes capable of sustaining endemic bird populations?
A.N. Powell
Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V., editor(s)
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 198-204
Loss of coastal saltmarshes in southern California has been estimated at 75-90% since presettlement times. The remaining wetlands are mostly fragmented and degraded, and most frequently have harsh edges adjacent to urban landscapes. Non-migratory Belding's Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi) and Light-footed Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris levipes) are endemic to...
Aquatic habitats of Canaan Valley, West Virginia: Diversity and environmental threats
C.D. Snyder, J.A. Young, B. M. Stout III
2006, Northeastern Naturalist (13) 333-352
We conducted surveys of aquatic habitats during the spring and summer of 1995 in Canaan Valley, WV, to describe the diversity of aquatic habitats in the valley and identify issues that may threaten the viability of aquatic species. We assessed physical habitat and water chemistry of 126 ponds and 82...
A review of isotopic composition as an indicator of the natural and anthropogenic behavior of mercury
W.I. Ridley, S.J. Stetson
2006, Applied Geochemistry (21) 1889-1899
There are seven stable isotopes of Hg that can be fractionated as a result of inorganic and organic interactions. Important inorganic reactions involve speciation changes resulting from variations in environmental redox conditions, and phase changes resulting from variations in temperature and/or atmospheric pressure. Important organic reactions include methylation and demethylation,...
Large internal waves in Massachusetts Bay transport sediments offshore
B. Butman, P. S. Alexander, A. Scotti, R.C. Beardsley, S.P. Anderson
2006, Continental Shelf Research (26) 2029-2049
A field experiment was carried out in Massachusetts Bay in August 1998 to assess the role of large-amplitude internal waves (LIWs) in resuspending bottom sediments. The field experiment consisted of a four-element moored array extending from just west of Stellwagen Bank (90-m water depth) across Stellwagen Basin (85- and 50-m...
Isotope sourcing of prehistoric willow and tule textiles recovered from western Great Basin rock shelters and caves - proof of concept
L. V. Benson, E.M. Hattori, Howard E. Taylor, S.R. Poulson, E.A. Jolie
2006, Journal of Archaeological Science (33) 1588-1599
Isotope and trace-metal analyses were used to determine the origin of plants used to manufacture prehistoric textiles (basketry and matting) from archaeological sites in the western Great Basin. Research focused on strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (18O/16O) isotope ratios of willow (Salix sp.) and tule (Schoenoplectus sp.), the dominant raw materials...
Characterization of the physiological stress response in lingcod
R.H. Milston, M.W. Davis, S.J. Parker, B.L. Olla, S. Clements, C.B. Schreck
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 1165-1174
The goal of this study was to describe the duration and magnitude of the physiological stress response in lingcod Ophiodon elongatus after exposure to brief handling and sublethal air stressors. The response to these stressors was determined during a 24-h recovery period by measuring concentrations of plasma cortisol, lactate, glucose,...
Multiple injected and natural conservative tracers quantify mixing in a stream confluence affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado
L. E. Schemel, M.H. Cox, R.L. Runkel, B. A. Kimball
2006, Hydrological Processes (20) 2727-2743
The acidic discharge from Cement Creek, containing elevated concentrations of dissolved metals and sulphate, mixed with the circumneutral-pH Animas River over a several hundred metre reach (mixing zone) near Silverton, CO, during this study. Differences in concentrations of Ca, Mg, Si, Sr, and SO42- between the creek and the river...
Data report: Compressibility, permeability, and grain size of shallow sediments, sites 1194 and 1198
Brandon Dugan, Chris Marone, Tiancong Hong, Misty Migyanka
Flavio S. Anselmett, Alexandra R. Isern, Peter Blum, Christian Betzler, editor(s)
2006, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results 194-7
Uniaxial strain consolidation experiments were conducted to determine elastic and plastic properties and to estimate the permeability of sediments from 0 to 200 meters below seafloor at Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1194 and 1198. Plastic deformation is described by compression indices, which range from 0.19 to 0.37. Expansion indices, the...
Spectroscopic mapping of the white horse alunite deposit, Marysvale volcanic field, Utah: Evidence of a magmatic component
B.W. Rockwell, C. G. Cunningham, G. N. Breit, R. O. Rye
2006, Economic Geology (101) 1377-1395
Previous studies have demonstrated that the replacement alunite deposits just north of the town of Marysvale, Utah, USA, were formed primarily by low-temperature (100??-170?? C), steam-heated processes near the early Miocene paleoground surface, immediately above convecting hydrothermal plumes. Pyrite-bearing propylitically altered rocks occur mainly beneath the steam-heated alunite and represent...
Effects of hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the chemistry of bottom sediments in Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, USA
P. C. Van Metre, A. J. Horowitz, B.J. Mahler, W.T. Foreman, C. C. Fuller, M.R. Burkhardt, K. A. Elrick, E. T. Furlong, S. C. Skrobialowski, J.J. Smith, J.T. Wilson, S.D. Zaugg
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 6894-6902
The effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the subsequent unwatering of New Orleans, Louisiana, on the sediment chemistry of Lake Pontchartrain were evaluated by chemical analysis of samples of street mud and suspended and bottom sediments. The highest concentrations of urban-related elements and compounds (e.g., Pb,...
In vitro interactions between Neoparamoeba spp. and salmonid leucocytes; The effect of parasite sonicate on anterior kidney leucocyte function
K. Gross, S. Alcorn, A. Murray, R. Morrison, B. Nowak
2006, Journal of Fish Biology (69) 293-300
Sonicated Neoparamoeba spp. (Nspp) did not affect the in vitro respiratory burst response of leucocytes isolated from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha anterior kidneys (P > 0.05). Atlantic salmon and chinook salmon leucocytes pre-incubated with the parasites, however, responded to phorbol myristate...
Developing a map of geologically defined site-condition categories for California
C.J. Wills, K.B. Clahan
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 1483-1501
Consideration of site conditions is a vital step in analyzing and predicting earthquake ground motion. The importance of amplification by soil conditions has long been recognized, but though many seismic-instrument sites have been characterized by their geologic conditions, there has been no consistent, simple classification applied to all sites. As...
A geochronological approach for cave evolution in the Cantabrian Coast (Pindal Cave, NW Spain)
M. Jimenez-Sanchez, J. L. Bischoff, H. Stoll, A. Aranburu
2006, Conference Paper, Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband
Some of the oldest speleothems in the North Cantabrian Coast (Spain) are reported for the first time in this work. Pindal Cave is developed at 24 m above sea level, in a karstic massif reaching its highest surface in a marine terrace (rasa) located at 50-64 m above the present...
Analysis of ecosystem controls on soil carbon source-sink relationships in the northwest Great Plains
Z. Tan, S. Liu, C.A. Johnston, J. Liu, L.L. Tieszen
2006, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (20) 1-9
Our ability to forecast the role of ecosystem processes in mitigating global greenhouse effects relies on understanding the driving forces on terrestrial C dynamics. This study evaluated the controls on soil organic C (SOC) changes from 1973 to 2000 in the northwest Great Plains. SOC source-sink relationships were quantified using...
Electrical resistance sensors record spring flow timing, Grand Canyon, Arizona
E.A. Adams, S. A. Monroe, Abraham E. Springer, K.W. Blasch, D. J. Bills
2006, Ground Water (44) 630-641
Springs along the south rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, are important ecological and cultural resources in Grand Canyon National Park and are discharge points for regional and local aquifers of the Coconino Plateau. This study evaluated the applicability of electrical resistance (ER) sensors for measuring diffuse, low-stage (<1.0 cm)...
Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation
G.J. McCabe, M.P. Clark
2006, International Journal of Climatology (26) 991-999
Previous research has suggested that a general inverse relation exists between winter precipitation in the southwestern United states (US) and summer monsoon precipitation. In addition, it has been suggested that this inverse relation between winter precipitation and the magnitude of the southwestern US monsoon breaks down under certain climatic conditions...
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in Osaka Bay, southwestern Japan: Faunal changes over the last 50 years
Akira Tsujimoto, Ritsuo Nomura, Moriaki Yasuhara, Shusaku Yoshikawa
2006, Paleontological Research (10) 141-161
Live benthic foraminiferal assemblages from surface sediment in Osaka Bay collected in 1999 were analyzed to characterize the distribution of the modern foraminiferal assemblages. Foraminiferal assemblages were compared with those of previous studies to document environmental changes in Osaka Bay over the past 50 years. Sixty-one species of foraminifera belonging...
Numerical simulation of tsunami generation by cold volcanic mass flows at Augustine Volcano, Alaska
C. F. Waythomas, P. Watts, J. S. Walder
2006, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (6) 671-685
Many of the world's active volcanoes are situated on or near coastlines. During eruptions, diverse geophysical mass flows, including pyroclastic flows, debris avalanches, and lahars, can deliver large volumes of unconsolidated debris to the ocean in a short period of time and thereby generate tsunamis. Deposits of both hot and...
Crustal insights from gravity and aeromagnetic analysis: Central North Slope, Alaska
R. W. Saltus, C. J. Potter, J. D. Phillips
2006, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (90) 1495-1517
Aeromagnetic and gravity data are processed and interpreted to reveal deep and shallow information about the crustal structure of the central North Slope, Alaska. Regional aeromagnetic anomalies primarily reflect deep crustal features. Regional gravity anomalies are more complex and require detailed analysis. We constrain our geophysical models with seismic data...
Restoration of breeding by snowy plovers following protection from disturbance
K. D. Lafferty, D. Goodman, C.P. Sandoval
2006, Biodiversity and Conservation (15) 2217-2230
Promoting recreation and preserving wildlife are often dual missions for land managers, yet recreation may impact wildlife. Because individual disturbances are seemingly inconsequential, it is difficult to convince the public that there is a conservation value to restricting recreation to reduce disturbance. We studied threatened western snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus...
