Methanogenic calcite, 13C-depleted bivalve shells, and gas hydrate from a mud volcano offshore southern California
J.R. Hein, W. R. Normark, B.R. McIntyre, T.D. Lorenson, C.L. Powell II
2006, Geology (34) 109-112
Methane and hydrogen sulfide vent from a cold seep above a shallowly buried methane hydrate in a mud volcano located 24 km offshore southern California in?? 800 m of water. Bivalves, authigenic calcite, and methane hydrate were recovered in a 2.1 m piston core. Aragonite shells of two bivalve species...
Quaternary fans and terraces in the Khumbu Himal south of Mount Everest: their characteristics, age and formation
P.L. Barnard, L.A. Owen, R.C. Finkel
2006, Journal of the Geological Society (163) 383-399
Large fans and terraces are frequent in the Khumbu Himal within the high Himalayan valleys south of Mt. Everest. These features are composed of massive matrix- and clast-supported diamicts that were formed from both hyperconcentrated flows and coarse-grained debris flows. Cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) exposure ages for boulders on fans and...
Anaerobic biotransformation of organoarsenical pesticides monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid
R. Sierra-Alvarez, U. Yenal, J.A. Feld, M. Kopplin, A.J. Gandolfi, J.R. Garbarino
2006, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (54) 3959-3966
Monomethylarsonic acid (MMAV) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV) are extensively utilized as pesticides, introducing large quantities of arsenic into the environment. Once released into the environment, these organoarsenicals are subject to microbial reactions. Aerobic biodegradation of MMAV and DMAV has been evaluated, but little is known about their fate in anaerobic...
Uranyl adsorption and surface speciation at the imogolite-water interface: Self-consistent spectroscopic and surface complexation models
Y. Arai, M. McBeath, J.R. Bargar, J. Joye, J.A. Davis
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 2492-2509
Macro- and molecular-scale knowledge of uranyl (U(VI)) partitioning reactions with soil/sediment mineral components is important in predicting U(VI) transport processes in the vadose zone and aquifers. In this study, U(VI) reactivity and surface speciation on a poorly crystalline aluminosilicate mineral, synthetic imogolite, were...
In situ study of mass transfer in aqueous solutions under high pressures via Raman spectroscopy: A new method for the determination of diffusion coefficients of methane in water near hydrate formation conditions
W.J. Lu, I.-M. Chou, R.C. Burruss, M.Z. Yang
2006, Applied Spectroscopy (60) 122-129
A new method was developed for in situ study of the diffusive transfer of methane in aqueous solution under high pressures near hydrate formation conditions within an optical capillary cell. Time-dependent Raman spectra of the solution at several different spots along the one-dimensional diffusion path were collected and thus the...
A regional classification scheme for estimating reference water quality in streams using land-use-adjusted spatial regression-tree analysis
Dale M. Robertson, D. A. Saad, D.M. Heisey
2006, Environmental Management (37) 209-229
Various approaches are used to subdivide large areas into regions containing streams that have similar reference or background water quality and that respond similarly to different factors. For many applications, such as establishing reference conditions, it is preferable to use physical characteristics that are not affected by human activities to...
State summaries: Idaho
V.S. Gillerman, M.J. Weaver, E. H. Bennett
2006, Mining Engineering (58) 80-85
According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Idaho's preliminary nonfuel mineral production value jumped to $893 million in 2005. Principal minerals by value included molybdenum concentrates, phosphate rock, sand and gravel, silver and portland cement. The state ranked second in phosphate and garnet production, third in silver and pumice,...
Gas-water-rock interactions in sedimentary basins: CO2 sequestration in the Frio Formation, Texas, USA
Y.K. Kharaka, D.R. Cole, J.J. Thordsen, E. Kakouros, H.S. Nance
2006, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (89) 183-186
To investigate the potential for the geologic storage of CO2 in saline sedimentary aquifers, 1600??ton of CO2 were injected at ???1500 m depth into a 24-m sandstone section of the Frio Formation - a regional reservoir in the US Gulf Coast. Fluid samples obtained from the injection and observation wells...
Time-domain representation of frequency-dependent foundation impedance functions
E. Safak
2006, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (26) 65-70
Foundation impedance functions provide a simple means to account for soil-structure interaction (SSI) when studying seismic response of structures. Impedance functions represent the dynamic stiffness of the soil media surrounding the foundation. The fact that impedance functions are frequency dependent makes it difficult to incorporate SSI in standard time-history analysis...
Quaternary tectonic faulting in the Eastern United States
R. L. Wheeler
2006, Engineering Geology (82) 165-186
Paleoseismological study of geologic features thought to result from Quaternary tectonic faulting can characterize the frequencies and sizes of large prehistoric and historical earthquakes, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of seismic-hazard assessments. Greater accuracy and precision can reduce the likelihood of both underprotection and unnecessary design and construction costs....
Predicting water-surface fluctuation of continental lakes: A RS and GIS based approach in Central Mexico
M.E. Mendoza, G. Bocco, M. Bravo, Granados E. Lopez, W. R. Osterkamp
2006, Water Resources Management (20) 291-311
Changes in the water-surface area occupied by the Cuitzeo Lake, Mexico, during the 1974-2001 period are analysed in this study. The research is based on remote sensing and geographic information techniques, as well as statistical analysis. High-resolution satellite image data were used to analyse the 1974-2000 period, and very low-resolution...
Submarine sliver in North Kona: A window into the early magmatic and growth history of Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii
Julia E. Hammer, Michelle L. Coombs, Patrick J. Shamberger, Jun-Ichi Kimura
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 157-188
Two manned submersible dives examined the Hualalai Northwest rift zone and an elongate ridge cresting at 3900 mbsl during a 2002 JAMSTEC cruise. The rift zone flank at dive site S690 (water depth 3412–2104 m) is draped by elongated and truncated pillow lavas. These olivine-rich tholeiitic lavas are compositionally...
Extracting the building response using seismic interferometry: Theory and application to the Millikan Library in Pasadena, California
R. Snieder, E. Safak
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 586-598
The motion of a building depends on the excitation, the coupling of the building to the ground, and the mechanical properties of the building. We separate the building response from the excitation and the ground coupling by deconvolving the motion recorded at different levels in the building and apply this...
A 3-decade dearth of deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a wolf (Canis lupus)-dominated ecosystem
Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech
2006, American Midland Naturalist (155) 373-382
Some 30 y after wolves (Canis lupus) were implicated in decimating wintering white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a 3000-km2 area of northeastern Minnesota, wintering deer still have not recolonized the area. From 1976 to 2004, we aerially radio-tracked wolves there during 250 h and recorded 2 deer (in 1985...
Inflation model of Uzon caldera, Kamchatka, constrained by satellite radar interferometry observations
Paul Lundgren, Zhong Lu
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
We analyzed RADARSAT-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to compute interferometric SAR (InSAR) images of surface deformation at Uzon caldera, Kamchatka, Russia. From 2000 to 2003 approximately 0.15 m of inflation occurred at Uzon caldera, extending beneath adjacent Kikhpinych volcano. This contrasts with InSAR data showing no significant deformation during...
Assessment of nitrification potential in ground water using short term, single-well injection experiments
R. L. Smith, L.K. Baumgartner, D.N. Miller, D.A. Repert, J.K. Böhlke
2006, Microbial Ecology (51) 22-35
Nitrification was measured within a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, using a series of single-well injection tests. The aquifer contained a wastewater-derived contaminant plume, the core of which was anoxic and contained ammonium. The study was conducted near the downgradient end of the ammonium zone, which was...
Comparison of COSPEC and two miniature ultraviolet spectrometer systems for SO2 measurements using scattered sunlight
Tamar Elias, A. Jeff Sutton, Clive Oppenheimer, Keith A. Horton, Harold Garbeil, Vitchko Tsanev, Andrew J.S. McGonigle, Glyn Williams-Jones
2006, Bulletin of Volcanology (68) 313-322
The correlation spectrometer (COSPEC), the principal tool for remote measurements of volcanic SO2, is rapidly being replaced by low-cost, miniature, ultraviolet (UV) spectrometers. We compared two of these new systems with a COSPEC by measuring SO2 column amounts at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii. The two systems, one calibrated using in-situ SO2 cells, and...
Argon geochronology of Kilauea's early submarine history
Andrew T. Calvert, Marvin A. Lanphere
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 1-18
Submarine alkalic and transitional basalts collected by submersible along Kilauea volcano's south flank represent early eruptive products from Earth's most active volcano. Strongly alkalic basalt fragments sampled from volcaniclastic deposits below the mid-slope Hilina Bench yield 40Ar/39Ar ages from 212 ± 38 to 280 ± 20 ka. These ages are similar to high-precision 234 ± 9 and...
Estimating crustal heterogeneity from double-difference tomography
J.-L. Got, V. Monteiller, J. Virieux, P. Okubo
2006, Pure and Applied Geophysics (163) 405-430
Seismic velocity parameters in limited, but heterogeneous volumes can be inferred using a double-difference tomographic algorithm, but to obtain meaningful results accuracy must be maintained at every step of the computation. MONTEILLER et al. (2005) have devised a double-difference tomographic algorithm that takes full advantage of the accuracy of cross-spectral...
Breeding biology and nest-site selection of red-tailed hawks in an altered desert grassland
R.J. Hobbs, S. DeStefano, W. L. Halvorson
2006, Journal of Raptor Research (40) 38-45
Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) have expanded their range as trees have invaded formerly-open grasslands. Desert grasslands of southern Arizona have been invaded by mesquite trees (Prosopis velutina) since Anglo-American settlement and now support a large population of Red-tailed Hawks. We studied a population of Red-tailed Hawks in an altered desert...
Evaluation of kinetic uncertainty in numerical models of petroleum generation
K. E. Peters, C.C. Walters, P.J. Mankiewicz
2006, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (90) 387-403
Oil-prone marine petroleum source rocks contain type I or type II kerogen having Rock-Eval pyrolysis hydrogen indices greater than 600 or 300-600 mg hydrocarbon/g total organic carbon (HI, mg HC/g TOC), respectively. Samples from 29 marine source rocks worldwide that contain mainly type II kerogen (HI = 230-786 mg HC/g...
Spirit rover localization and topographic mapping at the landing site of Gusev crater, Mars
Rongxing Li, Brent A. Archinal, Raymond E. Arvidson, Jim Bell, Phillip R. Christensen, Larry S. Crumpler, David J. Des Marais, Kaichang Di, Tom Duxbury, Matthew P. Golombek, John Grant, Ronald Greeley, Joe Guinn, Aaron H. Johnson, Randolph L. Kirk, Mark Maimone, Larry H. Matthies, Michael Malin, Timothy Parker, Michael H. Sims, Shane D. Thompson, Steven W. Squyres, Laurence A. Soderblom
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
By sol 440, the Spirit rover has traversed a distance of 3.76 km (actual distance traveled instead of odometry). Localization of the lander and the rover along the traverse has been successfully performed at the Gusev crater landing site. We localized the lander in the Gusev crater using two-way Doppler...
Crater gradation in Gusev crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars
J. A. Grant, R. E. Arvidson, L.S. Crumpler, M.P. Golombek, B. Hahn, A. F. C. Haldemann, R. Li, L.A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, S.P. Wright, W.A. Watters
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
The Mars Exploration Rovers investigated numerous craters in Gusev crater and Meridiani Planum during the first ???400 sols of their missions. Craters vary in size and preservation state but are mostly due to secondary impacts at Gusev and primary impacts at Meridiani. Craters at both locations are modified primarily by...
Long-period effects of the Denali earthquake on water bodies in the Puget Lowland: Observations and modeling
A. Barberopoulou, A. Qamar, T. L. Pratt, W. P. Steele
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 519-535
Analysis of strong-motion instrument recordings in Seattle, Washington, resulting from the 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake reveals that amplification in the 0.2-to 1.0-Hz frequency band is largely governed by the shallow sediments both inside and outside the sedimentary basins beneath the Puget Lowland. Sites above the deep sedimentary strata...
Direct effects of soil amendments on field emergence and growth of the invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum L. and the native perennial grass Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth
B.A. Newingham, J. Belnap
2006, Plant and Soil (280) 29-40
Bromus tectorum L. is a non-native, annual grass that has invaded western North America. In SE Utah, B. tectorum generally occurs in grasslands dominated by the native perennial grass, Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth. and rarely where the natives Stipa hymenoides Roem. and Schult. and S. comata Trin. & Rupr. are...
