The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments
J. A. Downing, Y.T. Prairie, J. J. Cole, C.M. Duarte, L.J. Tranvik, Robert G. Striegl, W. H. McDowell, Pirkko Kortelainen, N.F. Caraco, J.M. Melack, J. J. Middelburg
2006, Limnology and Oceanography (51) 2388-2397
One of the major impediments to the integration of lentic ecosystems into global environmental analyses has been fragmentary data on the extent and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments. We use new data sources, enhanced spatial resolution, and new analytical approaches to provide new estimates of the global abundance...
Diet, prey delivery rates, and prey biomass of Northern Goshawks in East-Central Arizona
A. S. Rogers, S. DeStefano, M.F. Ingraldi
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 219-227
Recent concern over persistence of Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) populations in Arizona has stemmed from two long-term demography studies that report substantial yearly fluctuations in productivity and evidence of a declining population. Although many factors could be involved in changes in productivity and population declines, availability of food is one...
Distribution of stress drop, stiffness, and fracture energy over earthquake rupture zones
Joe B. Fletcher, Art McGarr
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (111)
Using information provided by slip models and the methodology of McGarr and Fletcher (2002), we map static stress drop, stiffness (k = ????/u, where ???? is static stress drop and u is slip), and fracture energy over the slip surface to investigate the earthquake rupture process and energy budget. For...
Tracking the movements of Denali's wolves
T.J. Meier, John W. Burch, Layne G. Adams
2006, Alaska Park Science
The wolves of Denali National Park (formerly Mount McKinley National Park) were the subject of some of the earliest research on wolf ecology. From 1939 to 1941, Adolph Murie performed groundbreaking studies of wolves, observing wolves and their prey and collecting wolf scats and prey remains. His work resulted in...
Tidal saltmarsh fragmentation and persistence of San Pablo Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia samuelis): Assessing benefits of wetland restoration in San Francisco Bay
John Y. Takekawa, B.N. Sacks, I. Woo, M.L. Johnson, G.D. Wylie
Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V., editor(s)
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 238-246
The San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia samuelis) is one of three morphologically distinct Song Sparrow subspecies in tidal marshes of the San Francisco Bay estuary. These subspecies are rare, because as the human population has grown, diking and development have resulted in loss of 79% of the historic tidal...
Are southern California's fragmented saltmarshes capable of sustaining endemic bird populations?
A.N. Powell
Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V., editor(s)
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 198-204
Loss of coastal saltmarshes in southern California has been estimated at 75-90% since presettlement times. The remaining wetlands are mostly fragmented and degraded, and most frequently have harsh edges adjacent to urban landscapes. Non-migratory Belding's Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi) and Light-footed Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris levipes) are endemic to...
The 'Orsten': more than a Cambrian Konservat-Lagerstätte yielding exceptional preservation
Andreas Maas, Andreas Braun, Xi-Ping Dong, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Klaus J. Muller, Ewa Olempska, John E. Repetski, David J. Siveter, Martin Stein, Dieter Waloszek
2006, Palaeoworld (15) 266-282
In several areas of southern Sweden, limestone nodules, locally called Orsten occur within bituminous alum shales. These shales and nodules were deposited under dysoxic conditions at the bottom of what was most likely a shallow sea during the late Middle to Upper Cambrian (ca. 500 million years ago). Subsequently, the...
Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes
Don W. Schloesser, Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith, William P. Kovalak, Gary D. Longton, Rick D. Smithee
2006, American Midland Naturalist (155) 307-320
Previous (1992–1994) surveys for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) along main channels of the Detroit River showed that unionids had been extirpated from all but four sites in the upper reaches of the river due to impacts of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis). These four sites were surveyed again...
Systematically describing gross lesions in corals
Thierry M. Work, Greta S. Aeby
2006, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (70) 155-160
Many coral diseases are characterized based on gross descriptions and, given the lack or difficulty of applying existing laboratory tools to understanding causes of coral diseases, most new diseases will continued to be described based on appearance in the field. Unfortunately, many existing descriptions of coral disease are ambiguous or...
Evaluating redband trout habitat in sagebrush desert basins in southwestern Idaho
B.W. Zoellick, B.S. Cade
2006, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (26) 268-281
We estimated abundance quantiles of redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri relative to five site-specific habitat variables (stream shading, bank cover, bank stability, fine sediment in the stream substrate, and cover for adults) and one landscape variable (distance from stream headwaters) on 30 streams in southwestern Idaho during 1993–1998. In addition,...
Sex determination of Pohnpei Micronesian kingfishers using morphological and molecular genetic techniques
Dylan C. Kesler, I.F. Lopes, Susan M. Haig
2006, Journal of Field Ornithology (77) 229-232
Conservation-oriented studies of Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus) have been hindered by a lack of basic natural history information, despite the status of the Guam subspecies (T. c. cinnamominus) as one of the most endangered species in the world. We used tissue samples and morphometric measures from museum specimens and wild-captured...
Annual sediment flux estimates in a tidal strait using surrogate measurements
N. K. Ganju, D. H. Schoellhamer
2006, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (69) 165-178
Annual suspended-sediment flux estimates through Carquinez Strait (the seaward boundary of Suisun Bay, California) are provided based on surrogate measurements for advective, dispersive, and Stokes drift flux. The surrogates are landward watershed discharge, suspended-sediment concentration at one location in the Strait, and the longitudinal salinity gradient. The first two surrogates...
The heartbeat of the volcano: The discovery of episodic activity at Prometheus on Io
Ashley G. Davies, Lionel Wilson, Dennis Matson, Giovanni Leone, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Windy L. Jaeger
2006, Icarus (184) 460-477
The temporal signature of thermal emission from a volcano is a valuable clue to the processes taking place both at and beneath the surface. The Galileo Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) observed the volcano Prometheus, on the jovian moon Io, on multiple occasions between 1996 and 2002. The 5 micron (μm) brightness of this volcano shows...
Understanding barriers to implementation of an adaptive land management program
S.K. Jacobson, J.K. Morris, J.S. Sanders, E.N. Wiley, M. Brooks, R.E. Bennetts, H.F. Percival, S. Marynowski
2006, Conservation Biology (20) 1516-1527
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission manages over 650,000 ha, including 26 wildlife management and environmental areas. To improve management, they developed an objective-based vegetation management (OBVM) process that focuses on desired conditions of plant communities through an adaptive management framework. Our goals were to understand potential barriers to...
Evolution of the CD4 family: teleost fish possess two divergent forms of CD4 in addition to lymphocyte activation gene-3
K.J. Laing, J.J. Zou, M. K. Purcell, R. Phillips, C.J. Secombes, J.D. Hansen
2006, Journal of Immunology (177) 3939-3951
The T cell coreceptor CD4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Ig superfamily and is essential for cell-mediated immunity. Two different genes were identified in rainbow trout that resemble mammalian CD4. One (trout CD4) encodes four extracellular Ig domains reminiscent off mammalian CD4, whereas the other (CD4REL) codes for...
One-day rate measurements for estimating net nitrification potential in humid forest soils
D.S. Ross, G. Fredriksen, A.E. Jamison, B.C. Wemple, S.W. Bailey, J. B. Shanley, G.B. Lawrence
2006, Forest Ecology and Management (230) 91-95
Measurements of net nitrification rates in forest soils have usually been performed by extended sample incubation (2-8 weeks), either in the field or in the lab. Because of disturbance effects, these measurements are only estimates of nitrification potential and shorter incubations may suffice. In three separate studies of northeastern USA...
Remote sensing studies of the Dionysius region of the Moon
Thomas A. Giguere, B. Ray Hawke, Lisa R. Gaddis, David T. Blewett, J. J. Gillis-Davis, Paul G. Lucey, G.A. Smith, P. D. Spudis, G.J. Taylor
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
The Dionysius region is located near the western edge of Mare Tranquillitatis and is centered on Dionysius crater, which exhibits a well-developed dark ray system. Proposed origins for these dark rays included impact melt deposits and dark primary ejecta. The region also contains extensive deposits of Cayley-type light plains. Clementine...
Modeling regional initiation of rainfall-induced shallow landslides in the eastern Umbria Region of central Italy
D. Salciarini, J. W. Godt, W. Z. Savage, P. Conversini, R.L. Baum, J. A. Michael
2006, Landslides (3) 181-194
We model the rainfall-induced initiation of shallow landslides over a broad region using a deterministic approach, the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-based Slope-stability (TRIGRS) model that couples an infinite-slope stability analysis with a one-dimensional analytical solution for transient pore pressure response to rainfall infiltration. This model permits the evaluation of...
Landslides caused by the M 7.6 Tecomán, Mexico earthquake of January 21, 2003
David K. Keefer, Joseph Wartman, Ochoa C. Navarro, Adrian Rodriguez-Marek, Gerald F. Wieczorek
2006, Engineering Geology (86) 183-197
The Tecomán, Mexico earthquake (also called the “Colima earthquake”) of January 21, 2003 (M 7.6) triggered several hundreds of landslides in the coastal cordilleras of Colima State, near the earthquake source, and several thousands in the volcanic highlands north and northwest of Colima City. These landslides, mostly shallow and...
Evaluating uncertainty in predicting spatially variable representative elementary scales in fractured aquifers, with application to Turkey Creek Basin, Colorado
Tristan P. Wellman, Eileen P. Poeter
2006, Water Resources Research (42)
Computational limitations and sparse field data often mandate use of continuum representation for modeling hydrologic processes in large‐scale fractured aquifers. Selecting appropriate element size is of primary importance because continuum approximation is not valid for all scales. The traditional approach is to select elements by identifying a single representative elementary...
Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data
S. Li, Walter D. Mooney, J. Fan
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 239-252
Since 1958, about ninety seismic refraction/wide angle reflection profiles, with a cumulative length of more than sixty thousand kilometers, have been completed in mainland China. We summarize the results in the form of (1) a new contour map of crustal thickness, (2) fourteen...
Integration of P- and SH-wave high-resolution seismic reflection and micro-gravity techniques to improve interpretation of shallow subsurface structure: New Madrid seismic zone
C.E. Bexfield, J.H. McBride, Andre J. M. Pugin, D. Ravat, S. Biswas, W.J. Nelson, T.H. Larson, S.L. Sargent, M.A. Fillerup, B.E. Tingey, L. Wald, M.L. Northcott, J.V. South, M.S. Okure, M.R. Chandler
2006, Tectonophysics (420) 5-21
Shallow high-resolution seismic reflection surveys have traditionally been restricted to either compressional (P) or horizontally polarized shear (SH) waves in order to produce 2-D images of subsurface structure. The northernmost Mississippi embayment and coincident New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) provide an ideal laboratory to study the experimental use of integrating...
Balancing predation and egg harvest in a colonial seabird: A simulation model
Stephani Zador, John F. Piatt, A. E. Punt
2006, Ecological Modelling (195) 318-326
We developed an individual-based model to study the effects of different regimes of harvesting eggs and natural predation on reproductive success in a colony of the glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens) in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. The model incorporates the sequence of egg laying, relaying, and incubation to hatching for...
Late Quaternary landscape evolution in the Kunlun Mountains and Qaidam Basin, Northern Tibet: A framework for examining the links between glaciation, lake level changes and alluvial fan formation
L.A. Owen, R.C. Finkel, M. Haizhou, P.L. Barnard
2006, Quaternary International (154-155) 73-86
The Qaidam Basin in Northern Tibet is one of the largest hyper-arid intermontane basins on Earth. Alluvial fans, pediment surfaces, shorelines and a thick succession of sediments within the basin, coupled with moraines and associated landforms in the adjacent high mountain catchments of the Kunlun Mountains, record a complex history...
Evaluation of the persistence of micropollutants through pure-oxygen activated sludge nitrification and denitrification
A.D. Levine, M. T. Meyer, G. Kish
2006, Water Environment Research (78) 2276-2285
The persistence of pharmaceuticals, hormones, and household and industrial chemicals through a pure-oxygen activated sludge, nitrification, denitrification wastewater treatment facility was evaluated. Of the 125 micropollutants that were tested in this study, 55 compounds were detected in the untreated wastewater, and 27 compounds were detected in the disinfected effluent. The...
