Comprehensive genetic analyses reveal evolutionary distinction of a mouse (Zapus hudsonius preblei) proposed for delisting from the US Endangered Species Act
Tim L. King, John F. Switzer, Cheryl L. Morrison, Michael S. Eackles, Colleen Young, Barbara A. Lubinski, Paul M. Cryan
2006, Molecular Ecology (15) 4331-4359
Zapus hudsonius preblei, listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA), is one of 12 recognized subspecies of meadow jumping mice found in North America. Recent morphometric and phylogenetic comparisons among Z. h. preblei and neighbouring conspecifics questioned the taxonomic status of selected subspecies, resulting in a proposal...
Does body size affect a bird's sensitivity to patch size and landscape structure?
Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Shaffer
2006, Condor (108) 808-816
Larger birds are generally more strongly affected by habitat loss and fragmentation than are smaller ones because they require more resources and thus larger habitat patches. Consequently, conservation actions often favor the creation or protection of larger over smaller patches. However, in grassland systems the boundaries between a patch and...
Reticulate melanism in western painted turtles (Chrysemys picta bellii): Exploring linkages with habitat and heating rates
W.K. Gronke, S. R. Chipps, S.J. Bandas, K.F. Higgins
2006, American Midland Naturalist (156) 289-298
In western painted turtles (Chrysemys picta bellii), males often exhibit one of two morphs: (1) a reticulated form, characterized by an intricate network of dark markings on the carapace or (2) a non-reticulated form. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the adaptive significance of reticulate melanism (RM) on...
Development of spatially diverse and complex dune-field patterns: Gran Desierto Dune Field, Sonora, Mexico
C. Beveridge, G. Kocurek, R.C. Ewing, N. Lancaster, P. Morthekai, A.K. Singhvi, S. A. Mahan
2006, Sedimentology (53) 1391-1409
The pattern of dunes within the Gran Desierto of Sonora, Mexico, is both spatially diverse and complex. Identification of the pattern components from remote-sensing images, combined with statistical analysis of their measured parameters demonstrate that the composite pattern consists of separate populations of simple dune patterns. Age-bracketing by optically stimulated...
Migration and spawning of radio-tagged zulega Prochilodus argenteus in a dammed Brazilian river
Alexandre L. Godinho, B. Kynard
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 811-824
It is difficult for agencies to evaluate the impacts of the many planned dams on Sa??o Francisco River, Brazil, migratory fishes because fish migrations are poorly known. We conducted a study on zulega Prochilodus argenteus, an important commercial and recreational fish in the Sa??o Francisco River, to identify migrations and...
Sexual dimorphism of the internal mandibular chamber in Fayum Pliohyracidae (Mammalia)
de Blieux, M.R. Baumrind, E.L. Simons, P.S. Chatrath, G.E. Meyer, Y.S. Attia
2006, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (26) 160-169
An internal mandibular fenestra and chamber are found in many fossil hyracoids. The internal mandibular fenestra is located on the lingual surface of the mandibular corpus and opens into a chamber within the mandible. The mandibular chamber is maximally developed in late Eocene Thyrohyrax meyeri and early Oligocene Thyrohyrax domorictus...
Lithospheric controls on the formation of provinces hosting giant orogenic gold deposits
F.P. Bierlein, D.I. Groves, R.J. Goldfarb, B. Dube
2006, Mineralium Deposita (40) 874-886
Ages of giant gold systems (>500 t gold) cluster within well-defined periods of lithospheric growth at continental margins, and it is the orogen-scale processes during these mainly Late Archaean, Palaeoproterozoic and Phanerozoic times that ultimately determine gold endowment of a province in an orogen. A critical factor for giant orogenic...
Distribution and abundance of elkhorn coral, Acropora palmata, and prevalence of white-band disease at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands
P.A. Mayor, C.S. Rogers, Z.-M. Hillis-Starr
2006, Coral Reefs (25) 239-242
In the 1970s and 1980s elkhorn coral, Acropora palmata, declined dramatically throughout the Caribbean primarily due to white-band disease (WBD). In 2005, elkhorn coral was proposed for listing as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act. WBD was first documented at Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM). Together with hurricanes...
Concentration and distribution of sixty-one elements in coals from DPR Korea
Jiawen Hu, B. Zheng, R. B. Finkelman, B. Wang, M. Wang, S. Li, D. Wu
2006, Fuel (85) 679-688
Fifty coal samples (28 anthracite and 22 lignites) were collected from both main and small coal mines in DPR Korea prioritized by resource distribution and coal production. The concentrations of 61 elements in 50 coal samples were determined by several multielement and element-specific techniques, including inductively coupled plasma atomic emission...
Spatial structures of stream and hillslope drainage networks following gully erosion after wildfire
J. A. Moody, D.A. Kinner
2006, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (31) 319-337
The drainage networks of catchment areas burned by wildfire were analysed at several scales. The smallest scale (1-1000 m2) representative of hillslopes, and the small scale (1000 m2 to 1 km2), representative of small catchments, were characterized by the analysis of field measurements. The large scale (1-1000 km2), representative of...
The influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on growth and production of juvenile coho salmon rearing in beaver ponds on the Copper River Delta, Alaska
D.W. Lang, G.H. Reeves, J.D. Hall, M.S. Wipfli
2006, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (63) 917-930
This study examined the influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on the density, growth rate, body condition, and survival to outmigration of juvenile coho salmon on the Copper River Delta, Alaska, USA. During the fall of 1999 and 2000, fish rearing in beaver ponds that received spawning salmon were...
Sustained long-period seismicity at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska
Tanja Petersen, Jacqueline Caplan-Auerbach, Stephen R. McNutt
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 365-381
From September 1999 through April 2004, Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, exhibited a continuous and extremely high level of background seismicity. This activity consisted of many hundreds to thousands of long-period (LP; 1–2 Hz) earthquakes per day, recorded by a 6-station monitoring network around Shishaldin. The LP events originate beneath...
Simple equations guide high-frequency surface-wave investigation techniques
J. Xia, Y. Xu, C. Chen, R.D. Kaufmann, Y. Luo
2006, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (26) 395-403
We discuss five useful equations related to high-frequency surface-wave techniques and their implications in practice. These equations are theoretical results from published literature regarding source selection, data-acquisition parameters, resolution of a dispersion curve image in the frequency-velocity domain, and the cut-off frequency of high modes. The first equation suggests Rayleigh...
Extreme plasticity in thermoregulatory behaviors of free-ranging black-tailed prairie dogs
E.M. Lehmer, L.T. Savage, M.F. Antolin, E. Biggins
2006, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (79) 454-467
In the natural environment, hibernating sciurids generally remain dormant during winter and enter numerous deep torpor bouts from the time of first immergence in fall until emergence in spring. In contrast, black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) remain active throughout winter but periodically enter short and shallow bouts of torpor. While...
Facies architecture and paleohydrology of a synrift succession in the Early Cretaceous Choyr Basin, southeastern Mongolia
M. Ito, M. Matsukawa, T. Saito, D. J. Nichols
2006, Cretaceous Research (27) 226-240
The Choyr Basin is one of several Early Cretaceous rift basins in southwestern Mongolia that developed in specific regions between north-south trending fold-and-thrust belts. The eastern margin of the basin is defined by high-angle normal and/or strike-slip faults that trend north-to-south and northeast-to-southwest and by the overall geometry of the...
Improving data analysis in herpetology: Using Akaike's information criterion (AIC) to assess the strength of biological hypotheses
M. J. Mazerolle
2006, Amphibia-Reptilia (27) 169-180
In ecology, researchers frequently use observational studies to explain a given pattern, such as the number of individuals in a habitat patch, with a large number of explanatory (i.e., independent) variables. To elucidate such relationships, ecologists have long relied on hypothesis testing to include or exclude variables in regression models,...
Patterns of den occupation by the spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta)
E. E. Boydston, K.M. Kapheim, K.E. Holekamp
2006, African Journal of Ecology (44) 77-86
Spotted hyaenas utilize isolated natal dens (NDs) and communal dens (CDs) for rearing their cubs. Here we describe patterns of natal and CD occupation by hyaenas belonging to one well-studied clan in the Maasai Mara National Reserve during a 10-year period. Locations of 98 den sites that were used as...
Uranyl adsorption and surface speciation at the imogolite-water interface: Self-consistent spectroscopic and surface complexation models
Y. Arai, M. McBeath, J.R. Bargar, J. Joye, J.A. Davis
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 2492-2509
Macro- and molecular-scale knowledge of uranyl (U(VI)) partitioning reactions with soil/sediment mineral components is important in predicting U(VI) transport processes in the vadose zone and aquifers. In this study, U(VI) reactivity and surface speciation on a poorly crystalline aluminosilicate mineral, synthetic imogolite, were...
An evaluation of factors influencing pore pressure in accretionary complexes: Implications for taper angle and wedge mechanics
D.M. Saffer, B.A. Bekins
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (111)
At many subduction zones, accretionary complexes form as sediment is off-scraped from the subducting plate. Mechanical models that treat accretionary complexes as critically tapered wedges of sediment demonstrate that pore pressure controls their taper angle by modifying basal and internal shear strength. Here, we combine a numerical model of groundwater...
Evaluation of kinetic uncertainty in numerical models of petroleum generation
K. E. Peters, C.C. Walters, P.J. Mankiewicz
2006, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (90) 387-403
Oil-prone marine petroleum source rocks contain type I or type II kerogen having Rock-Eval pyrolysis hydrogen indices greater than 600 or 300-600 mg hydrocarbon/g total organic carbon (HI, mg HC/g TOC), respectively. Samples from 29 marine source rocks worldwide that contain mainly type II kerogen (HI = 230-786 mg HC/g...
Spirit rover localization and topographic mapping at the landing site of Gusev crater, Mars
Rongxing Li, Brent A. Archinal, Raymond E. Arvidson, Jim Bell, Phillip R. Christensen, Larry S. Crumpler, David J. Des Marais, Kaichang Di, Tom Duxbury, Matthew P. Golombek, John Grant, Ronald Greeley, Joe Guinn, Aaron H. Johnson, Randolph L. Kirk, Mark Maimone, Larry H. Matthies, Michael Malin, Timothy Parker, Michael H. Sims, Shane D. Thompson, Steven W. Squyres, Laurence A. Soderblom
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
By sol 440, the Spirit rover has traversed a distance of 3.76 km (actual distance traveled instead of odometry). Localization of the lander and the rover along the traverse has been successfully performed at the Gusev crater landing site. We localized the lander in the Gusev crater using two-way Doppler...
Estimating hydraulic properties using a moving-model approach and multiple aquifer tests
K. J. Halford, D. Yobbi
2006, Ground Water (44) 284-291
A new method was developed for characterizing geohydrologic columns that extended >600 m deep at sites with as many as six discrete aquifers. This method was applied at 12 sites within the Southwest Florida Water Management District. Sites typically were equipped with multiple production wells, one for each aquifer and...
Numerical modeling of a long-term in situ chemical osmosis experiment in the Pierre Shale, South Dakota
A.M. Garavito, H. Kooi, C. E. Neuzil
2006, Advances in Water Resources (29) 481-492
We have numerically modeled evolving fluid pressures and concentrations from a nine-year in situ osmosis experiment in the Pierre Shale, South Dakota. These data were obtained and recently interpreted by one of us (C.E.N.) as indicating a potentially significant role for chemical osmosis in media like the Pierre Shale. That...
Demography, genetics, and the value of mixed messages
John M. Pearce, Sandra L. Talbot
2006, Condor (108) 474-479
Iverson et al. (2004) used estimates of the homing rate for molting adult Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) in Alaska to draw inferences about population structure. Homing rates, defined as one minus the ratio of birds recaptured elsewhere to those recaptured at the original banding site, were high (0.95–1.00) for males...
Estimates of in situ gas hydrate concentration from resistivity monitoring of gas hydrate bearing sediments during temperature equilibration
M. Riedel, P.E. Long, T. S. Collett
2006, Marine Geology (227) 215-225
As part of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 204 at southern Hydrate Ridge off Oregon we have monitored changes in sediment electrical resistivity during controlled gas hydrate dissociation experiments. Two cores were used, each filled with gas hydrate bearing sediments (predominantly mud/silty mud). One core was from Site 1249 (1249F-9H3), 42.1...
