Increasing streamflow and baseflow in Mississippi River since the 1940 s: Effect of land use change
Y.-K. Zhang, K. E. Schilling
2006, Journal of Hydrology (324) 412-422
A trend of increasing streamflow has been observed in the Mississippi River (MR) basin since the 1940 s as a result of increased precipitation. Herein we show that increasing MR flow is mainly in its baseflow as a result of land use change and accompanying agricultural activities that occurred in...
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in Osaka Bay, southwestern Japan: Faunal changes over the last 50 years
Akira Tsujimoto, Ritsuo Nomura, Moriaki Yasuhara, Shusaku Yoshikawa
2006, Paleontological Research (10) 141-161
Live benthic foraminiferal assemblages from surface sediment in Osaka Bay collected in 1999 were analyzed to characterize the distribution of the modern foraminiferal assemblages. Foraminiferal assemblages were compared with those of previous studies to document environmental changes in Osaka Bay over the past 50 years. Sixty-one species of foraminifera belonging...
Effects of sample survey design on the accuracy of classification tree models in species distribution models
T.C. Edwards Jr., D.R. Cutler, N.E. Zimmermann, L. Geiser, Gretchen G. Moisen
2006, Ecological Modelling (199) 132-141
We evaluated the effects of probabilistic (hereafter DESIGN) and non-probabilistic (PURPOSIVE) sample surveys on resultant classification tree models for predicting the presence of four lichen species in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Models derived from both survey forms were assessed using an independent data set (EVALUATION). Measures of accuracy as gauged...
Cross-calibration of the Landsat-7 ETM+ and Landsat-5 TM with the ResourceSat-1 (IRS-P6) AWiFS and LISS-III sensors
Gyanesh Chander, Pat Scaramuzza
2006, Conference Paper
Increasingly, data from multiple sensors are used to gain a more complete understanding of land surface processes at a variety of scales. The Landsat suite of satellites has collected the longest continuous archive of multispectral data. The ResourceSat-1 Satellite (also called as IRS-P6) was launched into the polar sunsynchronous orbit...
Phosphate oxygen isotope ratios as a tracer for sources and cycling of phosphate in North San Francisco Bay, California
K. McLaughlin, C. Kendall, S. R. Silva, M. Young, A. Paytan
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (111)
[1] A seasonal analysis assesing variations in the oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) was conducted in the San Francisco Bay estuarine system, California. Isotopic fractionation of oxygen in DIP (exchange of oxygen between phosphate and environmental water) at surface water temperatures occurs only as...
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus disease in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)
Diane G. Elliott
D.W. Bruno, D.G. Elliott, B. Nowak, editor(s)
2006, Conference Paper, EAFP 2005 Copenhagen Histopathology Workshop. Reproductive pathology and early life stages pathology: Notes and images
No abstract available....
Guideline for assessing the performance of electric power systems in natural hazard and human threat events
W.U. Savage, S.P. Nishenko, D.G. Honegger, L. Kempner Jr.
2006, Conference Paper, Electrical Transmission Line and Substation Structures: Structural Reliability in a Changing World - Proceedings of the 2006 Electrical Transmission Conference
Electric power utilities are familiar with and skilled in preparing for and responding to almost-routine natural hazard events such as strong wind and ice storms and seasonal floods, as well as intentional human acts such as vandalism. Recent extreme weather (hurricanes Katrina and Rita), extremely destructive international earthquakes (in Sumatra...
Using videography to quantify landscape-level availability of habitat for grazers: An example with emperor geese in western Alaska
B.C. Lake, M. S. Lindberg, Joel A. Schmutz, R. Michael Anthony, F.J. Broerman
2006, Arctic (59) 252-260
We present a videography approach to estimating large-scale availability of grazing lawns, an important food resource used by broods of emperor geese (Chen canagica) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. Sampling was conducted in 1999, 2003, and 2004 at six locations that encompassed ???40% of the North American population of breeding...
Ecology and habitat of breeding Northern Goshawks in the inland Pacific Northwest: A summary of research in the 1990s
S. DeStefano, M.T. McGrath, S.K. Daw, S.M. Desimone
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 75-84
During the 1990s, we conducted research on the distribution, productivity, and habitat relationships of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in eastern Oregon and Washington. Our research was initiated primarily in response to concerns raised about the status of Northern Goshawks in the western US, and coincided with early attempts to list...
Phosphorus geochemistry of recent sediments in the South Basin of Lake Winnipeg
T. Mayer, S. L. Simpson, L. Harvey Thorleifson, W.L. Lockhart, Philip M. Wilkinson
2006, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (9) 307-318
Lake Winnipeg supports the largest commercial fishery on Canadian Prairies. It has been influenced by a variety of environmental forces and anthropogenic activities. To gain a better understanding of recent changes in nutrient status of the lake, it is important to reconstruct its previous history from sedimentary records. Lacustrine sediments...
Testing the concept of drift shadow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
J.B. Paces, L.A. Neymark, T. Ghezzehei, P.F. Dobson
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM
If proven, the concept of drift shadow, a zone of reduced water content and slower ground-water travel time beneath openings in fractured rock of the unsaturated zone, may increase performance of a proposed geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, To test this concept under natural-flow conditions present...
Hydroacoustic estimation of zooplankton biomass at two shoal complexes in the Apostle Islands Region of Lake Superior
B.V. Holbrook, T.R. Hrabik, D.K. Branstrator, D.L. Yule, J.D. Stockwell
2006, Journal of Great Lakes Research (32) 680-696
Hydroacoustics can be used to assess zooplankton populations, however, backscatter must be scaled to be biologically meaningful. In this study, we used a general model to correlate site-specific hydroacoustic backscatter with zooplankton dry weight biomass estimated from net tows. The relationship between zooplankton dry weight and backscatter was significant (p...
Buffelgrass fuel loads in Saguaro National Park, Arizona, increase fire danger and threaten native species
T. C. Esque, C.R. Schwalbe, J.A. Lissow, D.F. Haines, D. Foster, M.C. Garnet
2006, Park Science (24)
Scientists examine this exotic grass invasion that threatens to alter the fire regime in the Sonoran Desert and the composition, structure, and function of protected ecosystems....
Bedrock formation at Meridiani Planum
S. W. Squyres, O. Aharonson, R. E. Arvidson, J.F. Bell III, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, J.A. Crisp, W. Farrand, T. Glotch, M.P. Golombek, J. Grant, J. Grotzinger, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, B.L. Jolliff, A.H. Knoll, S. M. McLennan, H.Y. McSween, Johnnie N. Moore, J. W. Rice Jr., N. Tosca
2006, Nature (443) E1-E2
The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity discovered sulphate-rich sedimentary rocks at Meridiani Planum on Mars, which are interpreted by McCollom and Hynek as altered volcanic rocks. However, their conclusions are derived from an incorrect representation of our depositional model, which is upheld by more recent Rover data. We contend that all the...
CO2 sequestration: Storage capacity guideline needed
S.M. Frailey, R.J. Finley, T.S. Hickman
2006, Oil & Gas Journal (104)
Petroleum reserves are classified for the assessment of available supplies by governmental agencies, management of business processes for achieving exploration and production efficiency, and documentation of the value of reserves and resources in financial statements. Up to the present however, the storage capacity determinations made by some organizations in the...
Geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of basaltic flows of the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra, central New Mexico
F. Maldonado, J. R. Budahn, L. Peters, D.M. Unruh
2006, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (43) 1251-1268
The geochronology, geochemistry, and isotopic compositions of basaltic flows erupted from the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra volcanic centres in central New Mexico indicate that each of these lavas had unique origins and that the predominant mantle involved in their production was an ocean-island...
Impact of quaternary climate on seepage at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
J. F. Whelan, J.B. Paces, L.A. Neymark, A.K. Schmitt, M. Grove
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM
Uranium-series ages, oxygen-isotopic compositions, and uranium contents were determined in outer growth layers of opal and calcitefrom 0.5- to 3-centimeter-thick mineral coatings hosted by lithophysal cavities in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed site of a permanent repository for high-level radioactive waste. Micrometer-scale growth layering in the...
A survey of chemical constituents in National Fish Hatchery fish feed
Alec G. Maule, Ann Gannam, Jay Davis
2006, Report
Recent studies have demonstrated that various fish feeds contain significant concentrations of contaminants, many of which can bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate in fish. It appears that numerous organochlorine (OC) contaminants are present in the fish oils and fish meals used in feed manufacture, and some researchers speculate that all fish feeds...
The fifth International Geological Congress, Washington, 1891
C.M. Nelson
2006, Conference Paper, Episodes
The 5th International Geological Congress (IGC), the initial meeting in North America, was the first of the three IGCs that have been held in the United States of America (USA). Of the 538 registrants alive when the 5th IGC convened in Washington, 251 persons, representing fifteen countries, actually attended the...
The colloidal thyroxine (T4) ring as a novel biomarker of perchlorate exposure in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis
F. Hu, Bibek Sharma, S. Mukhi, R. Patino, J.A. Carr
2006, Toxicological Sciences (93) 268-277
The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in colloidal thyroxine (T4) immunoreactivity can be used as a biomarker of perchlorate exposure in amphibian thyroid tissue. Larval African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) were exposed to 0, 1, 8, 93, and 1131 ??g perchlorate/l for 38 and 69 days...
Afghan resource assessment fed positive outlook for exploration
T. R. Klett, C. J. Wandrey, G. F. Ulmishek, A. Amirzada
2006, Oil & Gas Journal (104)
Crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids/condensate resources are important for the redevelopment of Afghanistan's infrastructure. Improved living and economic conditions in Afghanistan require increasing the availability of energy particularly by exploitation of Afghanistan's petroleum resources. The four total petroleum systems are subdivided into units with homogeneous geologic traits...
Effects of livestock watering sites on alien and native plants in the Mojave Desert, USA
M.L. Brooks, J.R. Matchett, K.H. Berry
2006, Journal of Arid Environments (67) 125-147
Increased livestock densities near artificial watering sites create disturbance gradients called piospheres. We studied responses of alien and native annual plants and native perennial plants within 9 piospheres in the Mojave Desert of North America. Absolute and proportional cover of alien annual plants increased with proximity to watering sites, whereas...
AFS men and women differ most in their lifestyle choices
N.A. Connelly, T.L. Brown, J.M. Hardiman
2006, Fisheries (31) 503-506
The American Fisheries Society sponsored a survey to examine the career development choices of men and women and how they might differ by gender. A random sample of 700 men and 700 women was selected from the AFS membership database. The survey was mailed out in October 2004 and 991...
Historical trace element distribution in sediments from the Mississippi River delta
P.W. Swarzenski, M. Baskaran, R.J. Rosenbauer, W. H. Orem
2006, Estuaries and Coasts (29) 1094-1107
Five sediment cores were collected on the shelf of the inner Mississippi Bight in June 2003 for a suite of radionuclides to establish geochronologies and trace elements to examine patterns of contaminant deposition and accumulation. Core sites were chosen to reflect a matrix of variable water depths, proximity to the...
Predation on walleye eggs by fish on reefs in western Lake Erie
E.F. Roseman, W.W. Taylor, D.B. Hayes, A.L. Jones, J.T. Francis
2006, Journal of Great Lakes Research (32) 415-423
We examined diets of fishes from gillnet and egg pump collections conducted on reefs in western Lake Erie during walleye (Sander vitreus) egg incubation periods from 1994–1999 and 2004 to assess incidence of walleye eggs in fish diets. We collected no potential egg predators in samples taken in 1994 but...
