Recruitment of Hexagenia mayfly nymphs in western Lake Erie linked to environmental variability
Thomas B. Bridgeman, Don W. Schloesser, Ann E. Krause
2006, Ecological Applications (16) 601-611
After a 40-year absence caused by pollution and eutrophication, burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia spp.) recolonized western Lake Erie in the mid 1990s as water quality improved. Mayflies are an important food resource for the economically valuable yellow perch fishery and are considered to be major indicator species of the ecological condition...
Long-term trends of bloater (Coregonus hoyi) recruitment in Lake Michigan: evidence for the effect of sex ratio
David B. Bunnell, Charles P. Madenjian, Thomas E. Croley II
2006, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (63) 832-844
Long-term population trends are generally explained by factors extrinsic (e.g., climate, predation) rather than intrinsic (e.g., genetics, maternal effects) to the population. We sought to understand the long-term population dynamics of an important native Lake Michigan prey fish, the bloaterCoregonus hoyi. Over a 38-year time series, three 10- to 15-year...
Geochemical investigation of the potential for mobilizing non-methane hydrocarbons during carbon dioxide storage in deep coal beds
J.J. Kolak, R.C. Burruss
2006, Energy and Fuels (20) 566-574
Coal samples of different rank (lignite to anthracite) were extracted in the laboratory with supercritical CO2 (40 ??C; 10 MPa) to evaluate the potential for mobilizing non-methane hydrocarbons during CO2 storage (sequestration) or enhanced coal bed methane recovery from deep (???1-km depth) coal beds. The total measured alkane concentrations mobilized...
Early Paleozoic development of the Maine-Quebec boundary Mountains region
C.C. Gerbi, S.E. Johnson, J. N. Aleinikoff, J.H. Bedard, G.R. Dunning, C.M. Fanning
2006, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (43) 367-389
Pre-Silurian bedrock units played key roles in the early Paleozoic history of the Maine-Quebec Appalachians. These units represent peri-Laurentian material whose collision with the craton deformed the Neoproteozoic passive margin and initiated the Appalachian mountain-building cycle. We present new field, petrological, geochronological, and geochemical data to support the following interpretations...
Probabilistic analysis of tsunami hazards
E.L. Geist, T. Parsons
2006, Natural Hazards (37) 277-314
Determining the likelihood of a disaster is a key component of any comprehensive hazard assessment. This is particularly true for tsunamis, even though most tsunami hazard assessments have in the past relied on scenario or deterministic type models. We discuss probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) from the standpoint of integrating...
North Kona slump: Submarine flank failure during the early(?) tholeiitic shield stage of Hualalai Volcano
P. W. Lipman, M.L. Coombs
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 189-216
The North Kona slump is an elliptical region, about 20 by 60 km (1000-km2 area), of multiple, geometrically intricate benches and scarps, mostly at water depths of 2000–4500 m, on the west flank of Hualalai Volcano. Two dives up steep scarps in the slump area were made in September 2001,...
Importance of recent shifts in soil thermal dynamics on growing season length, productivity, and carbon sequestration in terrestrial high-latitude ecosystems
E.S. Euskirchen, A. D. McGuire, D. W. Kicklighter, Q. Zhuang, Joy S. Clein, R.J. Dargaville, D.G. Dye, J.S. Kimball, K.C. McDonald, J. M. Melillo, V.E. Romanovsky, N.V. Smith
2006, Global Change Biology (12) 731-750
In terrestrial high-latitude regions, observations indicate recent changes in snow cover, permafrost, and soil freeze-thaw transitions due to climate change. These modifications may result in temporal shifts in the growing season and the associated rates of terrestrial productivity. Changes in productivity will influence the ability of these ecosystems to sequester...
New guidelines for δ13C measurements
Tyler B. Coplen, Willi A. Brand, Matthias Gehre, Manfred Groning, Harro A. J. Meijer, Blaza Toman, R. Michael Verkouteren
2006, Analytical Chemistry (78) 2439-2441
Consistency of δ13C measurements can be improved 39−47% by anchoring the δ13C scale with two isotopic reference materials differing substantially in 13C/12C. It is recommended thatδ13C values of both organic and inorganic materials be measured and expressed relative to VPDB (Vienna Peedee belemnite) on a scale normalized by assigning consensus values of −46.6‰...
Occurrence of antibiotics in wastewater treatment facilities in Wisconsin, USA
K.G. Karthikeyan, M. T. Meyer
2006, Science of the Total Environment (361) 196-207
Samples from several wastewater treatment facilities in Wisconsin were screened for the presence of 21 antibiotic compounds. These facilities spanned a range of community size served (average daily flow from 0.0212 to 23.6 million gallons/day), secondary treatment processes, geographic locations across the state, and...
Migration and spawning of radio-tagged zulega Prochilodus argenteus in a dammed Brazilian river
Alexandre L. Godinho, B. Kynard
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 811-824
It is difficult for agencies to evaluate the impacts of the many planned dams on Sa??o Francisco River, Brazil, migratory fishes because fish migrations are poorly known. We conducted a study on zulega Prochilodus argenteus, an important commercial and recreational fish in the Sa??o Francisco River, to identify migrations and...
Invasion patterns along elevation and urbanization gradients in Hawaiian streams
A.M.D. Brasher, C.D. Luton, S. L. Goodbred, R.H. Wolff
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 1109-1129
Hawaii's extreme isolation has resulted in a native stream fauna characterized by high endemism and unusual life history characteristics. With the rapid increase in the human population, the viability of Hawaiian stream ecosystems is threatened by development and the associated habitat alteration. Thirty-eight sites on three islands (Oahu, Kauai, and...
Statistical modeling of storm-level Kp occurrences
K.J. Remick, Jeffrey J. Love
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
We consider the statistical modeling of the occurrence in time of large Kp magnetic storms as a Poisson process, testing whether or not relatively rare, large Kp events can be considered to arise from a stochastic, sequential, and memoryless process. For a Poisson process, the wait times between successive events...
Hybridization and cytonuclear associations among native westslope cutthroat trout, introduced rainbow trout, and their hybrids within the Stehekin River drainage, North Cascades National Park
C.O. Ostberg, R. J. Rodriguez
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 924-942
Historic introductions of nonnative rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss into the native habitats of cutthroat trout O. clarkii have impacted cutthroat trout populations through introgressive hybridization, creating challenges and concerns for cutthroat trout conservation. We examined the effects of rainbow trout introductions on the native westslope cutthroat trout O. c. lewisii...
What is causing the phytoplankton increase in San Francisco Bay?
J. E. Cloern, A.D. Jassby, T.S. Schraga, K.L. Dallas
2006, Report
The largest living component of San Francisco Bay is the phytoplankton, a suspension of microscopic cells that convert sunlight energy into new living biomass through the same process of photosynthesis used by land plants. This primary production is the ultimate source of food for clams, zooplankton, crabs, sardines, halibut, sturgeon,...
Planning and implementation of a seismic monitoring system for the bill emerson memorial bridge in cape Girardeau, MO
B.A. Hartnagel, J. O'Connor, W.-H. Yen, P. Clogston, M. Çelebi
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Structures Congress and Exposition
[No abstract available]...
Observations in the Saturn system during approach and orbital insertion, with Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS)
R. H. Brown, K. H. Baines, G. Bellucci, B. J. Buratti, F. Capaccioni, P. Cerroni, R. N. Clark, A. Coradini, D. P. Cruikshank, P. Drossart, V. Formisano, R. Jaumann, Y. Langevin, D. L. Matson, T. B. McCord, V. Mennella, R.M. Nelson, P. D. Nicholson, B. Sicardy, Christophe Sotin, N. Baugh, C.A. Griffith, G. B. Hansen, C. A. Hibbitts, T.W. Momary, M.R. Showalter
2006, Astronomy and Astrophysics (446) 707-716
The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer observed Phoebe, Iapetus, Titan and Saturn's rings during Cassini's approach and orbital insertion. Phoebe's surface contains water ice, CO2, and ferrous iron. lapetus contains CO2 and organic materials. Titan's atmosphere shows methane fluorescence, and night-side atmospheric emission that may be CO2 and CH3D. As...
Site response and attenuation in the Puget Lowland, Washington State
T. L. Pratt, T.M. Brocher
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 536-552
Simple spectral ratio (SSR) and horizontal-to-vertical (HN) site-response estimates at 47 sites in the Puget Lowland of Washington State document significant attenuation of 1.5- to 20-Hz shear waves within sedimentary basins there. Amplitudes of the horizontal components of shear-wave arrivals from three local earthquakes were used to compute SSRs with...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Populus-Salix stands in a semiarid riparian ecosystem
Vanessa B. Beauchamp, J.C. Stromberg, J.C. Stutz
2006, New Phytologist (170) 369-380
??? This study examined the activity, species richness, and species composition of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community of Populus-Salix stands on the Verde River (Arizona, USA), quantified patterns of AMF richness and colonization along complex floodplain gradients, and identified environmental variables responsible for structuring the AMF community. ??? Samples...
Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr tracers of weathering reactions and hydrologic pathways in a tropical granitoid system
L.A. Derry, J. C. Pett-Ridge, A.C. Kurtz, J.W. Troester
2006, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (88) 271-274
Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr data from primary and secondary minerals, soil waters, and stream waters in a tropical granitoid catchment quantitatively reflect mineral alteration reactions that occur at different levels within the bedrock-saprolite-soil zone. Near the bedrock-saprolite interface, plagioclase to kaolinite reaction yields low Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr. Higher in the regolith...
Detection probabilities and site occupancy estimates for amphibians at Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge
L. L. Smith, W.J. Barichivich, J.S. Staiger, Kimberly G. Smith, C.K. Dodd Jr.
2006, American Midland Naturalist (155) 149-161
We conducted an amphibian inventory at Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge from August 2000 to June 2002 as part of the U.S. Department of the Interior's national Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. Nineteen species of amphibians (15 anurans and 4 caudates) were documented within the Refuge, including one protected species, the...
Physical properties of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites as inferred from Mini-TES-derived thermal inertia
R.L. Fergason, P. R. Christensen, J.F. Bell III, M.P. Golombek, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, H. H. Kieffer
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
The Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini‐TES) on board the two Mars Exploration Rovers provides the first opportunity to observe thermal properties from the Martian surface, relate these properties to orbital data, and perform soil conductivity experiments under Martian conditions. The thermal inertias of soils, bedforms, and...
An improved model for the calculation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-
Zhenhao Duan, R. Sun, Chen Zhu, I.-M. Chou
2006, Marine Chemistry (98) 131-139
An improved model is presented for the calculation of the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42- in a wide temperature-pressure-ionic strength range (from 273 to 533 K, from 0 to 2000 bar, and from 0 to 4.5 molality of salts) with...
Geochemistry and source waters of rock glacier outflow, Colorado Front Range
M.W. Williams, M. Knauf, N. Caine, F. Liu, P. L. Verplanck
2006, Permafrost and Periglacial Processes (17) 13-33
We characterize the seasonal variation in the geochemical and isotopic content of the outflow of the Green Lake 5 rock glacier (RG5), located in the Green Lakes Valley of the Colorado Front Range, USA. Between June and August, the geochemical content of rock glacier outflow does not appear to differ...
Capture-related stressors impair immune system function in sablefish
S.C. Lupes, M.W. Davis, B.L. Olla, C.B. Schreck
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 129-138
The sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria is a valuable North Pacific Ocean species that, when not targeted in various commercial fisheries, is often a part of discarded bycatch. Predictions of the survival of discarded fish are dependent on understanding how a fish responds to stressful conditions. Our objective was to describe the...
Variability in supply and cross-shelf transport of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae into western Florida Bay
Maria M. Criales, John D. Wang, Joan A. Browder, Michael B. Robblee, Thomas L. Jackson, Clinton D. Hittle
2006, Fishery Bulletin (104) 60-74
The variability in the supply of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) postlarvae and the transport mechanisms of planktonic stages were investigated with field data and simulations of transport. Postlarvae entering the nursery grounds of Florida Bay were collected for three consecutive years at channels that connect the Bay with the Gulf...
