American black bears and bee yard depredation at Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia
J. D. Clark, S. Dobey, D.V. Masters, B.K. Scheick, M.R. Pelton, M.E. Sunquist
2005, Ursus (16) 234-244
We studied American black bears (Ursus americanus), on the northwest periphery of Okefenokee Swamp in southeast Georgia, to assess landowner attitudes toward bears, estimate the extent of damage to commercial honey bee operations by bears, and evaluate methods to reduce bear depredations to apiaries. We collected 8,351 black bear radiolocations...
Toxicity to amphibians of environmental extracts from natural waters in National Parks and Fish and Wildlife Refuges
C.M. Bridges, E. E. Little
2005, Conference Paper, Alytes
Amphibian population declines are not limited to overtly degraded habitats, but often occur in relatively pristine environments such as national parks or wildlife refuges, thus forcing biologists to examine less obvious causes for declines such as the presence of contaminants. The objective of our study was to extract naturally-occurring compounds...
Screening of polar components of petroleum products by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Colleen E. Rostad
2005, Energy and Fuels (19) 992-997
The polar components of fuels may enable differentiation between fuel types or commercial fuel sources. Screening for these components in the hydrocarbon product is difficult due to their very low concentrations in such a complex matrix. Various commercial fuels from several sources were analyzed by flow injection analysis/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry...
Metamorphosis of two amphibian species after chronic cadmium exposure in outdoor aquatic mesocosms
S.M. James, E. E. Little, R. D. Semlitsch
2005, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (24) 1994-2001
Amphibian larvae at contaminated sites may experience an alteration of metamorphic traits and survival compared to amphibians in uncontaminated conditions. Effects of chronic cadmium (Cd) exposure on the metamorphosis of American toads (Bufo americanus) and southern leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala) were determined. The two species were reared separately from shortly...
Experimental and geochemical evidence for derivation of the El Capitan Granite, California, by partial melting of hydrous gabbroic lower crust
K. Ratajeski, T. W. Sisson, A. F. Glazner
2005, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (149) 713-734
Partial melting of mafic intrusions recently emplaced into the lower crust can produce voluminous silicic magmas with isotopic ratios similar to their mafic sources. Low-temperature (825 and 850°C) partial melts synthesized at 700 MPa in biotite-hornblende gabbros from the central Sierra Nevada batholith (Sisson et al. in Contrib Mineral Petrol 148:635–661,...
An evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment 2000
T. R. Klett, D. L. Gautier, Thomas S. Ahlbrandt
2005, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (89) 1033-1042
This study compares the additions to conventional crude oil and natural gas reserves as reported from January 1996 to December 2003 with the estimated undiscovered and reserve-growth volumes assessed in the U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment 2000, which used data current through 1995. Approximately 28% of the estimated additions...
A simulation of the hydrothermal response to the Chesapeake Bay bolide impact
W. E. Sanford
2005, Geofluids (5) 185-201
Groundwater more saline than seawater has been discovered in the tsunami breccia of the Chesapeake Bay impact Crater. One hypothesis for the origin of this brine is that it may be a liquid residual following steam separation in a hydrothermal system that evolved following the impact. Initial scoping calculations have...
Challenges facing the North American iron ore industry
J.D. Jorgenson
2005, Conference Paper, Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series
During the 20th century, the iron ore mining industries of Canada and the United States passed through several periods of transformation. The beginning of the 21st century has seen yet another period of transformation, with the economic failure of a number of steel companies, the acquisition of their facilities by...
Monitoring of a Southern Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus population on the Frazier Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica
J.C.S. Creuwels, J.S. Stark, Eric J. Woehler, J. A. Van Franeker, C. A. Ribic
2005, Polar Biology (28) 483-493
Since 1956, Southern Giant Petrels on the Frazier Islands, East Antarctica, have been counted with different census techniques, sometimes varying within seasons and among islands, which hindered analysis of the data. Protective measures for the islands from 1986 onwards have increased the need for reliable long-term census data, but reduced...
Cryopreservation of sperm of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)
L. Salinas-Flores, C. G. Paniagua-Chavez, J.A. Jenkins, T.R. Tiersch
2005, Journal of Shellfish Research (24) 415-420
Abalone culture, a developing industry in Baja California, Mexico, would benefit from genetic improvement and controlled breeding. The use of cryopreserved sperm would allow germplasm availability, and this study was designed to develop sperm cryopreservation protocols for red abalone Haliotis rufescens. The acute toxic effects of the cryoprotectants dimethyl sulfoxide...
Seismic precursory patterns before a cliff collapse and critical point phenomena
D. Amitrano, J.-R. Grasso, G. Senfaute
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-5
We analyse the statistical pattern of seismicity before a 1-2 103 m3 chalk cliff collapse on the Normandie ocean shore, Western France. We show that a power law acceleration of seismicity rate and energy in both 40 Hz-1.5 kHz and 2 Hz-10kHz frequency range, is defined on 3 orders of...
Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data
M.J. Unsworth, A.G. Jones, W. Wei, G. Marquis, S.G. Gokarn, J.E. Spratt, P. Bedrosian, J. Booker, C. Leshou, G. Clarke, L. Shenghui, L. Chanhong, D. Ming, J. Sheng, K. Solon, T. Handong, J. Ledo, B. Roberts
2005, Nature (438) 78-81
The Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents formed the Tibetan plateau, beginning about 70 million years ago. Since this time, at least 1,400 km of convergence has been accommodated by a combination of underthrusting of Indian and Asian lithosphere, crustal shortening, horizontal extrusion and lithospheric delamination. Rocks exposed...
Modelling habitat associations with fingernail clam (Family: Sphaeriidae) counts at multiple spatial scales using hierarchical count models
Brian R. Gray, Roger J. Haro, James T. Rogala, Jennifer S. Sauer
2005, Freshwater Biology (50) 715-729
1. Macroinvertebrate count data often exhibit nested or hierarchical structure. Examples include multiple measurements along each of a set of streams, and multiple synoptic measurements from each of a set of ponds. With data exhibiting hierarchical structure, outcomes at both sampling (e.g. within stream) and aggregated (e.g. stream) scales are...
Mars exploration rover geologic traverse by the spirit rover in the plains of Gusev crater, Mars
L.S. Crumpler, S. W. Squyres, R. E. Arvidson, J.F. Bell, D. Blaney, N.A. Cabrol, P. R. Christensen, D.J. DesMarais, J.D. Farmer, R. Fergason, M.P. Golombek, F.D. Grant, J. A. Grant, R. Greeley, B. Hahn, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J.A. Hurowitz, A.T. Knudson, G. A. Landis, R. Li, J. Maki, H.Y. McSween, D. W. Ming, J.E. Moersch, M.C. Payne, J.W. Rice, L. Richter, S. W. Ruff, M. Sims, S.D. Thompson, N. Tosca, A. Wang, P. Whelley, S.P. Wright, M.B. Wyatt
2005, Geology (33) 809-812
The Spirit rover completed a 2.5 km traverse across gently sloping plains on the floor of Gusev crater from its location on the outer rim of Bonneville crater to the lower slopes of the Columbia Hills, Mars. Using the Athena suite of instruments in a transect approach, a systematic series...
Health evaluation of amphibians in and near Rocky Mountain National Park (Colorado, USA)
D. E. Green, E. Muths
2005, Alytes (22) 109-129
We conducted a health survey of amphibians in and adjacent to Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) to document current disease presence inside RMNP and identify disease outside RMNP with the potential to spread to the Park's amphibians. Amphibians from five sites within RMNP and seven sites within 60 km of...
Natural mapping and art: A student's exploratory study with J M Blaut
D. Varanka
2005, Antipode (37) 1003-1010
[No abstract available]...
Reserve growth of the world's giant oil fields
T. R. Klett, J. W. Schmoker
2005, Conference Paper, AAPG Memoir
Analysis of estimated total recoverable oil volume (field size) of 186 well-known giant oil fields of the world (>0.5 billion bbl of oil, discovered prior to 1981), exclusive of the United States and Canada, demonstrates general increases in field sizes through time. Field sizes were analyzed as a group and...
Associations between water quality, Pasteurella multocida, and avian cholera at Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge
M. A. Lehr, R. G. Botzler, Michael D. Samuel, Daniel J. Shadduck
2005, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (41) 291-297
We studied patterns in avian cholera mortality, the presence of Pasteurella multocida in the water or sediment, and water chemistry characteristics in 10 wetlands at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex (California, USA), an area of recurrent avian cholera epizootics, during the winters of 1997 and 1998. Avian cholera outbreaks (≥50 dead...
An integrated view of the chemistry and mineralogy of martian soils
A. S. Yen, Ralf Gellert, C. Schroder, R.V. Morris, J.F. Bell III, A.T. Knudson, B.C. Clark, D. W. Ming, J.A. Crisp, R. E. Arvidson, D. Blaney, J. Bruckner, P. R. Christensen, D.J. DesMarais, P.A. De Souza Jr., T.E. Economou, A. Ghosh, B.C. Hahn, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, L.A. Haskin, J.A. Hurowitz, B.L. Joliff, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhofer, M.B. Madsen, S. M. McLennan, H.Y. McSween, L. Richter, R. Rieder, D. Rodionov, Laurence A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, N.J. Tosca, A. Wang, M. Wyatt, J. Zipfel
2005, Nature (436) 49-54
The mineralogical and elemental compositions of the martian soil are indicators of chemical and physical weathering processes. Using data from the Mars Exploration Rovers, we show that bright dust deposits on opposite sides of the planet are part of a global unit and not dominated by the composition of local...
Eider females form non-kin brood-rearing coalitions
M. Ost, E. Vitikainen, P. Waldeck, L. Sundstrom, K. Lindstrom, Tuula E. Hollmen, J. Christian Franson, Mikael Kilpi
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 3903-3908
Kin selection is a powerful tool for understanding cooperation among individuals, yet its role as the sole explanation of cooperative societies has recently been challenged on empirical grounds. These studies suggest that direct benefits of cooperation are often overlooked, and that partner choice may be a widespread mechanism of cooperation....
DUCKS: Low cost thermal monitoring units for near-vent deployment
A. Harris, D. Pirie, K. Horton, H. Garbeil, E. Pilger, H. Ramm, R. Hoblitt, C. Thornber, M. Ripepe, E. Marchetti, P. Poggi
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (143) 335-360
During 1999 we designed and tested a thermal monitoring system to provide a cheap, robust, modular, real-time system capable of surviving the hostile conditions encountered proximal to active volcanic vents. In November 2000 the first system was deployed at Pu'u...
Development of a solenoid pumped in situ zinc analyzer for environmental monitoring
T.P. Chapin, R. B. Wanty
2005, Analytica Chimica Acta (543) 199-208
A battery powered submersible chemical analyzer, the Zn-DigiScan (Zn Digital Submersible Chemical Analyzer), has been developed for near real-time, in situ monitoring of zinc in aquatic systems. Microprocessor controlled solenoid pumps propel sample and carrier through an anion exchange column to separate zinc from interferences, add colorimetric reagents, and propel...
Predicted sex ratio of juvenile Kemp's Ridley sea turtles captured near Steinhatchee, Florida
A.A. Geis, W.J. Barichivich, T. Wibbels, M. Coyne, A.M. Landry Jr., D. Owens
2005, Copeia 393-398
The Kemp's Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) is one of the most endangered sea turtles in the world, and it possesses temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Sex ratios produced under TSD can vary widely and can affect the reproductive ecology of a population. Therefore, sex ratios produced from TSD are of ecological and...
Influence of a Brazilian sewage outfall on the toxicity and contamination of adjacent sediments
D.M.S. Abessa, R.S. Carr, B.R.F. Rachid, E.C.P.M. Sousa, M.A. Hortelani, J.E. Sarkis
2005, Marine Pollution Bulletin (50) 875-885
The submarine sewage outfall of Santos (SSOS) is situated in the Santos Bay (São Paulo, Brazil) and is potentially a significant source of contaminants to the adjacent marine ecosystem. The present study aimed to assess the influence of SSOS on the sediment toxicity and contamination at Santos Bay. At the...
USGS assessment of oil and gas resource potential of the San Joaquin Basin, California
Marilyn E. Tennyson, A.H. Scheirer, D. L. Gautier
2005, Conference Paper, SPE Western Regional Meeting, Proceedings
The assessment of oil and gas resource potential of the San Joaquin Basin, California, by the U.S. Geological Survey, is discussed. Two categories of future additions to reserves were evaluated, first was resource in undiscovered accumulations and second was growth of reserves in already discovered accumulations. The mean estimate of...
