Glyphosate, other herbicides, and transformation products in Midwestern streams, 2002
William A. Battaglin, Dana W. Kolpin, Elisabeth A. Scribner, Kathryn M. Kuivila, Mark W. Sandstrom
2005, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (41) 323-332
The use of glyphosate has increased rapidly, and there is limited understanding of its environmental fate. The objective of this study was to document the occurrence of glyphosate and the transformation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in Midwestern streams and to compare their occurrence with that of more commonly measured herbicides...
Distinguishing base-level change and climate signals in a Cretaceous alluvial sequence
T. White, B. Witzke, G.A. Ludvigson, R. Brenner
2005, Geology (33) 13-16
We present the results of oxygen isotope and electron-microprobe analyses of sphaerosiderites obtained from Cretaceous paleosols in Iowa. The sphaerosiderite ??18O values record Cretaceous meteoric groundwater chemistry and an overall waning of brackish groundwater inundation during alluvial-plain aggradation and soil genesis. We focus on horizons that precipitated from freshwater, in...
Circumpolar variation in morphological characteristics of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons
Craig R. Ely, A.D. Fox, R.T. Alisauskas, A. Andreev, R.G. Bromley, Andrei G. Degtyarev, B. Ebbinge, E.N. Gurtovaya, R. Kerbes, Alexander V. Kondratyev, I. Kostin, A.V. Krechmar, K.E. Litvin, Y. Miyabayashi, J.H. Moou, R.M. Oates, D.L. Orthmeyer, Yutaka Sabano, S. Gay Simpson, D.V. Solovieva, Michael A. Spindler, Y.V. Syroechkovsky, John Y. Takekawa, A. Walsh
2005, Bird Study (52) 104-119
Capsule: Greater White-fronted Geese show significant variation in body size from sampling locations throughout their circumpolar breeding range. Aims: To determine the degree of geographical variation in body size of Greater White-fronted Geese and identify factors contributing to any apparent patterns in variation. Methods: Structural measures of >3000 geese from...
Underwater MASW to evaluate stiffness of water-bottom sediments
Choon B. Park, Richard D. Miller, Jianghai Xia, Julian M. Ivanov, G. V. Sonnichsen, James A Hunter, R. L. Good, R. A. Burns, H. Christian
2005, Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) (24) 724-728
Stiffness measurements are often necessary for geotechnical characterization of an underwater site. Seismically, these measurements can be made through the dispersion analysis of the Rayleigh-type surface waves. Successful terrestrial application of this method has been reported by many investigators using spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) and more recently using...
Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients
J.H.S. Macquaker, M.A. Keller
2005, Journal of Sedimentary Research (75) 696-709
Controls on mudstone deposition at high latitudes are poorly known relative to low latitudes. In recent sediments deposited in these environments, ice significantly influences sediment transport and primary productivity. The products of ice transport are relatively well known in glacimarine settings, but are less well known from below melting sea...
Molecular assays for targeting human and bovine enteric viruses in coastal waters and their application for library-independent source tracking
T.-T. Fong, Dale W. Griffin, E.K. Lipp
2005, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (71) 2070-2078
Rapid population growth and urban development along waterways and coastal areas have led to decreasing water quality. To examine the effects of upstream anthropogenic activities on microbiological water quality, methods for source-specific testing are required. In this study, molecular assays targeting human enteroviruses (HEV), bovine enteroviruses (BEV), and human adenoviruses...
Orientation of three-component geophones in the San Andreas Fault observatory at depth Pilot Hole, Parkfield, California
V. Oye, W.L. Ellsworth
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 751-758
To identify and constrain the target zone for the planned SAFOD Main Hole through the San Andreas Fault (SAF) near Parkfield, California, a 32-level three-component (3C) geophone string was installed in the Pilot Hole (PH) to monitor and improve the locations of nearby earthquakes. The orientation of the 3C geophones...
A model for wave control on coral breakage and species distribution in the Hawaiian Islands
C. D. Storlazzi, E.K. Brown, M.E. Field, K. Rodgers, P. L. Jokiel
2005, Coral Reefs (24) 43-55
The fringing reef off southern Molokai, Hawaii, is currently being studied as part of a multi-disciplinary project led by the US Geological Survey. As part of this study, modeling and field observations were utilized to help understand the physical controls on reef morphology and the distribution of different coral species....
Evaluating mixed samples as a source of error in non-invasive genetic studies using microsatellites
David A. Roon, M.E. Thomas, K.C. Kendall, L.P. Waits
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 195-201
The use of noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS) for surveying wild populations is increasing rapidly. Currently, only a limited number of studies have evaluated potential biases associated with NGS. This paper evaluates the potential errors associated with analysing mixed samples drawn from multiple animals. Most NGS studies assume that mixed samples...
Seismic architecture and lithofacies of turbidites in Lake Mead (Arizona and Nevada, U.S.A.), an analogue for topographically complex basins
D.C. Twichell, V.A. Cross, A.D. Hanson, B.J. Buck, J.G. Zybala, M.J. Rudin
2005, Journal of Sedimentary Research (75) 134-148
Turbidites, which have accumulated in Lake Mead since completion of the Hoover Dam in 1935, have been mapped using high-resolution seismic and coring techniques. This lake is an exceptional natural laboratory for studying fine-grained turbidite systems in complex topographic settings. The lake comprises four relatively broad basins separated by narrow...
Spatial-temporal population dynamics across species range: From centre to margin
Q. Guo, M. Taper, M. Schoenberger, J. Brandle
2005, Oikos (108) 47-57
Understanding the boundaries of species' ranges and the variations in population dynamics from the centre to margin of a species' range is critical. This study simulated spatial-temporal patterns of birth and death rates and migration across a species' range in different seasons. Our results demonstrated the importance of dispersal and...
Factors influencing mercury in freshwater surface sediments of northeastern North America
N.C. Kamman, A. Chalmers, T.A. Clair, A. Major, R. B. Moore, S. A. Norton, J. B. Shanley
2005, Ecotoxicology (14) 101-111
We report on an inventory and analysis of sediment mercury (Hg) concentrations from 579 sites across northeastern North America. Sediment Hg concentrations ranged from the limit of detection ca. 0.01-3.7 ??g g -1 (dry weight, d.w.), and the average concentration was 0.19 ??g g-1 (d.w.) Sediment methylmercury concentrations ranged from...
Consequences of harvesting for genetic diversity in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.): A simulation study
J. M. Cruse-Sanders, J.L. Hamrick, J.A. Ahumada
2005, Biodiversity and Conservation (14) 493-504
American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L., is one of the most heavily traded medicinal plants in North America. The effect of harvest on genetic diversity in ginseng was measured with a single generation culling simulation program. Culling scenarios included random harvest at varying levels, legal limit random harvest and legal limit...
Digital elevation model of King Edward VII Peninsula, West Antarctica, from SAR interferometry and ICESat laser altimetry
S. Baek, Oh-Ig Kwoun, Andreas Braun, Z. Lu, C. K. Shum
2005, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (2) 413-417
We present a digital elevation model (DEM) of King Edward VII Peninsula, Sulzberger Bay, West Antarctica, developed using 12 European Remote Sensing (ERS) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes and 24 Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) laser altimetry profiles. We employ differential interferograms from the ERS tandem mission SAR...
3H/3He age data in assessing the susceptibility of wells to contamination
Andrew H. Manning, D. Kip Solomon, Susan A. Thiros
2005, Ground Water (43) 353-367
Regulatory agencies are becoming increasingly interested in using young–ground water dating techniques, such as the 3H/3He method, in assessing the susceptibility of public supply wells (PSWs) to contamination. However, recent studies emphasize that ground water samples of mixed age may be the norm, particularly from long-screened PSWs, and tracer-based “apparent” ages...
Drainage networks after wildfire
D.A. Kinner, J. A. Moody
2005, International Journal of Sediment Research (20) 194-201
Predicting runoff and erosion from watersheds burned by wildfires requires an understanding of the three-dimensional structure of both hillslope and channel drainage networks. We investigate the small-and large-scale structures of drainage networks using field studies and computer analysis of 30-m digital elevation model. Topologic variables were derived from a composite...
TREMOR: A wireless MEMS accelerograph for dense arrays
J.R. Evans, R.H. Hamstra Jr., C. Kundig, P. Camina, J. A. Rogers
2005, Earthquake Spectra (21) 91-124
The ability of a strong-motion network to resolve wavefields can be described on three axes: frequency, amplitude, and space. While the need for spatial resolution is apparent, for practical reasons that axis is often neglected. TREMOR is a MEMS-based accelerograph using wireless Internet to minimize lifecycle cost. TREMOR instruments can...
New data for Late Pleistocene Pinedale alpine glaciation from southwestern Colorado
L. Benson, R. Madole, G. Landis, J. Gosse
2005, Quaternary Science Reviews (24) 49-65
New cosmogenic surface-exposure ages of moraine-crest boulders from southwestern Colorado are compared with published surface-exposure ages of boulders from moraine complexes in north-central Colorado and in west-central (Fremont Lake basin) Wyoming. 10Be data sets from the three areas were scaled to a single 10Be production rate of 5.4 at/g/yr at...
Analysis of ground-measured and passive-microwave-derived snow depth variations in midwinter across the Northern Great Plains
A.T.C. Chang, R.E.J. Kelly, E.G. Josberger, R.L. Armstrong, J.L. Foster, N. M. Mognard
2005, Journal of Hydrometeorology (6) 20-33
Accurate estimation of snow mass is important for the characterization of the hydrological cycle at different space and time scales. For effective water resources management, accurate estimation of snow storage is needed. Conventionally, snow depth is measured at a point, and in order to monitor snow depth in a temporally...
Population structure of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) is strongly affected by the landscape
W.C. Funk, M.S. Blouin, P.S. Corn, B.A. Maxell, D. S. Pilliod, S. Amish, F.W. Allendorf
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 483-496
Landscape features such as mountains, rivers, and ecological gradients may strongly affect patterns of dispersal and gene flow among populations and thereby shape population dynamics and evolutionary trajectories. The landscape may have a particularly strong effect on patterns of dispersal and gene flow in amphibians because amphibians are thought to...
A new synziphosurine (Chelicerata: Xiphosura) from the Late Llandovery (Silurian) Waukesha Lagerstatte, Wisconsin, USA
R. A. Moore, D. E. G. Briggs, S. J. Braddy, L. I. Anderson, Donald G. Mikulic, Joanne Kluessendorf
2005, Journal of Paleontology (79) 242-250
A new synziphosurine (Chelicerata:Xiphosura) is described from the Late Llandovery (Silurian) Konservat-Lagerstätte of Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA. Venustulus waukeshaensis n.gen. and sp. is characterized by a semicircular carapace with a slightly procurved posterior margin lacking genal spines and an opisthosoma composed of 10 freely articulating segments, divided into a preabdomen of seven...
Fish assemblage structure in an Oklahoma Ozark stream before and after rainbow trout introduction
M. G. Walsh, D.L. Winkelman
2005, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2005) 417-430
Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss have been widely stocked throughout the United States as a popular sport fish. Our study was initiated to evaluate potential effects of rainbow trout introduction on native fishes to inform future decisions about trout stocking in northeastern Oklahoma streams. We sampled fish assemblages in pools, glides,...
Evidence for size-selective mortality after the first summer of ocean growth by pink salmon
J.H. Moss, D.A. Beauchamp, A.D. Cross, K.W. Myers, Edward V. Farley Jr., J.M. Murphy, J.H. Helle
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 1313-1322
Pink salmon Onchorhynchus gorbuscha with identifiable thermal otolith marks from Prince William Sound hatchery release groups during 2001 were used to test the hypothesis that faster-growing fish during their first summer in the ocean had higher survival rates than slower-growing fish. Marked juvenile pink salmon were sampled monthly in Prince...
Alternative life histories shape brain gene expression profiles in males of the same population
N. Aubin-Horth, C.R. Landry, B.H. Letcher, H.A. Hofmann
2005, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (272) 1655-1662
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) undergo spectacular marine migrations before homing to spawn in natal rivers. However, males that grow fastest early in life can adopt an alternative 'sneaker' tactic by maturing earlier at greatly reduced size without leaving freshwater. While the ultimate evolutionary causes have been well studied, virtually nothing...
Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation
Juanzuo Zhou, C.C. Lundstrom, B. Fouke, S. Panno, K. Hackley, B. Curry
2005, Chemical Geology (221) 1-20
Natural waters universally show fractionation of uranium series (U-series) parent-daughter pairs, with the disequilibrium between 234U and 238U (234U)/(238U) commonly used as a tracer of groundwater flow. Because speleothems provide a temporal record of geochemical variations in groundwater precipitating calcite, (234U)/(238U) variations in speleothems provide a unique method of investigating...
