Long-term behavior of water content and density in an earthen liner
T.E. Frank, I.G. Krapac, T.D. Stark, G.D. Strack
2005, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (131) 800-803
An extensively instrumented compacted earthen liner was constructed at the Illinois State Geological Survey facility in Champaign, III. in 1987. A pond of water 0.31 m deep was maintained on top of the 7.3 m ?? 14.6 m ?? 0.9 m thick liner for 14 years. One of the goals...
Movement patterns of rural and suburban white-tailed deer in Massachusetts
C.R. Gaughan, S. DeStefano
2005, Urban Ecosystems (8) 191-202
We used satellite land cover data and the program FRAGSTATS toquantify land cover types and calculate the amount of forest edge available in suburban and rural regions of northeastern and northwestern Massachusetts. Cover categories included forest cover, open canopy vegetation, and non-deer habitat. We calculated all edge segments where forest...
Secondary sulfate minerals associated with acid drainage in the eastern US: Recycling of metals and acidity in surficial environments
J. M. Hammarstrom, R.R. Seal II, A. L. Meier, J.M. Kornfeld
2005, Chemical Geology (215) 407-431
Weathering of metal-sulfide minerals produces suites of variably soluble efflorescent sulfate salts at a number of localities in the eastern United States. The salts, which are present on mine wastes, tailings piles, and outcrops, include minerals that incorporate heavy metals in solid solution, primarily the highly soluble members of the...
Cortisol receptor blockade and seawater adaptation in the euryhaline teleost Fundulus heteroclitus
W.S. Marshall, R.R.F. Cozzi, Ryan M. Pelis, S. D. McCormick
2005, Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Comparative Experimental Biology (303) 132-142
To examine the role of cortisol in seawater osmoregulation in a euryhaline teleost, adult killifish were acclimated to brackish water (10???) and RU486 or vehicle was administered orally in peanut oil daily for five days at low (40 mg.kg-1) or high dose (200 mg.kg-1). Fish were transferred to 1.5 x...
Habitat and nesting biology of Mountain Plovers in Wyoming
R.E. Plumb, S.H. Anderson, F.L. Knopf
2005, Western North American Naturalist (65) 223-228
Although previous research has considered habitat associations and breeding biology of Mountain Plovers in Wyoming at discrete sites, no study has considered these attributes at a statewide scale. We located 55 Mountain Plover nests in 6 counties across Wyoming during 2002 and 2003. Nests occurred in 2 general habitat types:...
Hydrologic regime controls soil phosphorus fluxes in restoration and undisturbed wetlands
A. Aldous, P. McCormick, C. Ferguson, S. Graham, C. Craft
2005, Restoration Ecology (13) 341-347
Many wetland restoration projects occur on former agricultural soils that have a history of disturbance and fertilization, making them prone to phosphorus (P) release upon flooding. To study the relationship between P release and hydrologic regime, we collected soil cores from three restoration wetlands and three undisturbed wetlands around Upper...
Comparison of wetlands in different hydrogeological settings under conditions of extreme climate variability
T. Winter, D. Rosenberry, E. Kelly, J. LaBaugh
2005, IAHS-AISH Publication 139-147
Wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area in North Dakota, USA, are underlain by poorly permeable till and have little groundwater input. Lakes and wetlands in the Shingobee River headwaters in Minnesota are underlain by permeable sand and have substantial groundwater input. Hydrological, chemical, and biological characteristics of these ecosystems have...
Rupture dynamics with energy loss outside the slip zone
D.J. Andrews
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-14
Energy loss in a fault damage zone, outside the slip zone, contributes to the fracture energy that determines rupture velocity of an earthquake. A nonelastic two-dimensional dynamic calculation is done in which the slip zone is modeled as a fault plane and material off the fault is subject to a...
Movements and home ranges of mountain plovers raising broods in three Colorado landscapes
V.J. Dreitz, Michael B. Wunder, F.L. Knopf
2005, The Wilson Bulletin (117) 128-132
We report movements and home-range sizes of adult Mountain Plovers (Charadrius montanus) with broods on rangeland, agricultural fields, and prairie dog habitats in eastern Colorado. Estimates of home range size (95% fixed kernel) were similar across the three habitats: rangeland (146.1 ha ± 101.5), agricultural fields (131.6 ha ± 74.4),...
Solute transport and storage mechanisms in wetlands of the Everglades, south Florida
Judson W. Harvey, James E. Saiers, Jessica T. Newlin
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
Solute transport and storage processes in wetlands play an important role in biogeochemical cycling and in wetland water quality functions. In the wetlands of the Everglades, there are few data or guidelines to characterize transport through the heterogeneous flow environment. Our goal was to conduct a tracer study to help...
Mapping NEHRP VS30 site classes
T.L. Holzer, A.C. Padovani, M.J. Bennett, T.E. Noce, J. C. Tinsley III
2005, Earthquake Spectra (21) 353-370
Site-amplification potential in a 140-km2 area on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, California, was mapped with data from 210 seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) soundings. NEHRP VS30 values were computed on a 50-m grid by both taking into account the thickness and using mean values of locally measured...
Record of the North American southwest monsoon from Gulf of Mexico sediment cores
R.Z. Poore, M.J. Pavich, H. D. Grissino-Mayer
2005, Geology (33) 209-212
Summer monsoonal rains (the southwest monsoon) are an important source of moisture for parts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Improved documentation of the variability in the southwest monsoon is needed because changes in the amount and seasonal distribution of precipitation in this semiarid region of North America...
Mycobacteriosis in a black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) caused by Mycobacterium kansasii
P. Briggs Hall, Louis C. Bender, M. M. Garner
2005, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (36) 115-116
An eviscerated hunter-harvested female black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) was submitted to the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. The deer was emaciated, devoid of adipose tissue, and the parietal surface of the thoracic cavity contained multiple granulomas. Acid-fast bacteria were detected histologically from the granulomas and were isolated...
Evolution of melt-vapor surface tension in silicic volcanic systems: Experiments with hydrous melts
M. Mangan, T. Sisson
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-9
We evaluate the melt‐vapor surface tension (σ) of natural, water‐saturated dacite melt at 200 MPa, 950–1055°C, and 4.8–5.7 wt % H2O. We experimentally determine the critical supersaturation pressure for bubble nucleation as a function of dissolved water and then solve for σ at those conditions using classical nucleation theory....
Radiation pattern of a borehole radar antenna
K.J. Ellefsen, D.L. Wright
2005, Geophysics (70) K1-K11
The finite-difference time-domain method was used to simulate radar waves that were generated by a transmitting antenna inside a borehole. The simulations were of four different models that included features such as a water-filled borehole and an antenna with resistive loading. For each model, radiation patterns for the far-field region...
Characterizing flow regimes for floodplain forest conservation: An assessment of factors affecting sapling growth and survivorship on three cold desert rivers
D.C. Andersen
2005, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (35) 2886-2899
I analyzed annual height growth and survivorship of Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii S. Watson) saplings on three floodplains in Colorado and Utah to assess responses to interannual variation in flow regime and summer precipitation. Mammal exclosures, supplemented with an insecticide treatment at one site, were used to assess flow regime...
Late Pennsylvanian and early permian chondrichthyan microremains from San Salvador Patlanoaya (Puebla, Mexico)
C. Derycke-Khatir, D. Vachard, J.-M. Degardin, A. Flores de Dios, B. Buitron, M. Hansen
2005, Geobios (38) 43-55
The San Salvador Patlanoaya section (Puebla State, Mexico) is known for its richness of many fossil groups. Among them, the calcareous shells have been principally investigated. This paper deals with Missourian-Virgilian (Late Pennsylvanian) and Leonardian (late Early Permian) Mexican fish remains. A discussion about Helicoprion and related genera, is followed...
Nutrient contributions to the Santa Barbara Channel, California, from the ephemeral Santa Clara River
J.A. Warrick, L. Washburn, Mark A. Brzezinski, D.A. Siegel
2005, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (62) 559-574
The Santa Clara River delivers nutrient rich runoff to the eastern Santa Barbara Channel during brief (???1-3 day) episodic events. Using both river and oceanographic measurements, we evaluate river loading and dispersal of dissolved macronutrients (silicate, inorganic N and P) and comment on the biological implications of these nutrient contributions....
River nutrient loads and catchment size
S. V. Smith, D.P. Swaney, R. W. Buddemeier, M.R. Scarsbrook, M.A. Weatherhead, Christoph Humborg, H. Eriksson, F. Hannerz
2005, Biogeochemistry (75) 83-107
We have used a total of 496 sample sites to calibrate a simple regression model for calculating dissolved inorganic nutrient fluxes via runoff to the ocean. The regression uses the logarithms of runoff and human population as the independent variables and estimates the logarithms of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus...
Testing the generality of a trophic-cascade model for plague
S.K. Collinge, W.C. Johnson, C. Ray, R. Matchett, J. Grensten, J.F. Cully Jr., K.L. Gage, M.Y. Kosoy, J.E. Loye, A.P. Martin
2005, EcoHealth (2) 102-112
Climate may affect the dynamics of infectious diseases by shifting pathogen, vector, or host species abundance, population dynamics, or community interactions. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) are highly susceptible to plague, yet little is known about factors that influence the dynamics of plague epizootics in prairie dogs. We investigated temporal...
Estimation of groundwater consumption by phreatophytes using diurnal water table fluctuations: A saturated‐unsaturated flow assessment
Steven P. Loheide II, James J. Butler Jr., Steven M. Gorelick
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
Groundwater consumption by phreatophytes is a difficult‐to‐measure but important component of the water budget in many arid and semiarid environments. Over the past 70 years the consumptive use of groundwater by phreatophytes has been estimated using a method that analyzes diurnal trends in hydrographs from wells that are screened across...
Factors affecting the occurrence of saugers in small, high-elevation rivers near the western edge of the species' natural distribution
C.J. Amadio, W.A. Hubert, Kevin Johnson, D. Oberlie, D. Dufek
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 160-171
Factors affecting the occurrence of saugers Sander canadensis were studied throughout the Wind River basin, a high-elevation watershed (> 1,440 m above mean sea level) on the western periphery of the species' natural distribution in central Wyoming. Adult saugers appeared to have a contiguous distribution over 170 km of streams...
Atmospheric dry deposition in the vicinity of the Salton Sea, California - II: Measurement and effects of an enhanced evaporation system
R. Alonso, A. Bytnerowicz, J.L. Yee, W.I. Boarman
2005, Atmospheric Environment (39) 4681-4689
A study was conducted to determine the effects of salt spray drift from pilot technologies employed by the US Bureau of Reclamation on deposition rates of various air-born ions. An enhanced evaporation system (EES) was tested in the field at the Salton Sea, California. Dry deposition of NO3-, NH4+, SO42-,...
Vertical cross contamination of trichloroethylene in a borehole in fractured sandstone
S.N. Sterling, B.L. Parker, J. A. Cherry, J.H. Williams, J.W. Lane Jr., F.P. Haeni
2005, Ground Water (43) 557-573
Boreholes drilled through contaminated zones in fractured rock create the potential for vertical movement of contaminated ground water between fractures. The usual assumption is that purging eliminates cross contamination; however, the results of a field study conducted in a trichloroethylene (TCE) plume in fractured sandstone with...
Membership in voluntary organizations on the Colorado Plateau: A reexamination of the technical information quandary
K. Cline, B. L. Lamb
2005, Environmental Practice (7) 143-154
Many scholars note the increasing desire of the public to be involved in the policy process. Others observe, however, that public participation in governance is declining. One possible explanation for this is that people do not know the technical and scientific language that is frequently used in these decision processes....
