Establishing native grasses in a big sagebrush-dominated site: An intermediate restoration step
Elisabeth Huber-Sannwald, David A. Pyke
2005, Restoration Ecology (13) 292-301
Many semiarid rangelands in the Great Basin, U.S.A., are shifting dominance to woody species as a consequence of land degradation including intense livestock grazing and fire suppression. Whereas past rehabilitation efforts in Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) steppes removed the shrub and added introduced forage grasses to successfully shift communities from...
A hierarchical perspective of plant diversity
Daniel Sarr, D.E. Hibbs, M. Huston
2005, The Quarterly Review of Biology (80) 187-212
Predictive models of plant diversity have typically focused on either a landscapea??s capacity for richness (equilibrium models), or on the processes that regulate competitive exclusion, and thus allow species to coexist (nonequilibrium models). Here, we review the concepts and purposes of a hierarchical, multiscale model of the controls of plant...
Available nitrogen: A time-based study of manipulated resource islands
Michelle M. Stubbs, David A. Pyke
2005, Plant and Soil (270) 123-133
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of available nitrogen are critical determinants of the distribution and abundance of plants and animals in ecosystems. Evidence for the resource island theory suggests that soils below tree and shrub canopies contain higher amounts of resources, including available nitrogen, than are present in interspace areas. Disturbances,...
Conflicting patterns of genetic structure produced by nuclear and mitochondrial markers in the Oregon Slender Salamander (Batrachoseps wrighti): implications for conservation efforts and species management
Mark Miller, Susan M. Haig, R.S. Wagner
2005, Conservation Genetics (6) 275-287
Endemic to Oregon in the northwestern US, the Oregon slender salamander (Batrachoseps wrighti) is a terrestrial plethodontid found associated with late successional mesic forests. Consequently, forest management practices such as timber harvesting may impact their persistence. Therefore, to infer possible future effects of these practices on population structure and differentiation,...
Geographic variation, genetic structure, and conservation unit designation in the Larch Mountain salamander (Plethodon larselli)
R. Steven Wagner, Mark P. Miller, Charles Crisafulli, Susan M. Haig
2005, Canadian Journal of Zoology (83) 396-406
The Larch Mountain salamander (Plethodon larselli Burns, 1954) is an endemic species in the Pacific northwestern United States facing threats related to habitat destruction. To facilitate development of conservation strategies, we used DNA sequences and RAPDs (random amplified polymorphic DNA) to examine differences among populations of this species. Phylogenetic analyses of...
Effects of flooding regime and seedling treatment on early survival and growth of nuttall oak
V.R. Burkett, R.O. Draugelis-Dale, H.M. Williams, S.H. Schoenholtz
2005, Restoration Ecology (13) 471-479
Effects of flooding on survival and growth of three different types of Nuttall oak (Quercus texana Buckl.) seedlings were observed at the end of third and fifth growing seasons at Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge, Mississippi, U.S.A. Three types of seedlings were planted in January 1995 in a split‐plot design, with four...
Time-specific variation in passerine nest survival: New insights for old questions
T.A. Grant, T.L. Shaffer, E.M. Madden, P.J. Pietz
2005, The Auk (122) 661-672
Nest survival likely varies with nest age and date, but until recently researchers had only limited tools to efficiently address those sources of variability. Beginning with Mayfield (1961), many researchers have averaged survival rates within time-specific categories (e.g. egg and nestling stages; early and late nesting dates). However, Mayfield's estimator...
A risk assessment based approach for the management of whirling disease
J. L. Bartholomew, B. Kerans, R.P. Hedrick, S. C. MacDiarmid, J. R. Winton
2005, Reviews in Fisheries Science (13) 205-230
No abstract available ...
A comparison of seismic event detection with IASPEI and earthworm acquisition systems at Alaskan volcanoes
James P. Dixon, John A. Power, Scott D. Stihler
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 168-176
Since 1988, Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) has been continually monitoring seismicity at active volcanoes in Alaska (Dixon et al., 2004). The AVO seismic network has grown from 27 stations on the Cook Inlet volcanoes (Augustine, Iliamna, Redoubt, and Spurr) to 160 stations on 27 volcanoes in...
Composition and trace element content of coal in Taiwan
L.-Y. Tsai, C.-F. Chen, Robert B. Finkelman
2005, Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (16) 641-651
To investigate the trace element contents of local coal, four coal samples were collected from operating mines in NW Taiwan. Detailed petrographic and chemical characterization analyses were then conducted. Analytical results indicate that (1) the samples were high volatile bituminous coal in rank with ash content ranging from 4.2 to...
Revised magnitude-bound relation for the Wabash Valley seismic zone of the central United States
Scott M. Olson, Russell A. Green, Stephen F. Obermeier
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 756-771
Seismic hazard assessment in the central United States, and in particular the Wabash Valley seismic zone of Indiana-Illinois, frequently relies on empirical estimates of paleoearthquake magnitudes (M). In large part these estimates have been made using the magnitude-bound method. Existing region-specific magnitude-bound relations rely heavily on only a few historical...
Ecology of the Lake Huron fish community, 1970-1999
Norine E. Dobiesz, David A. McLeish, Randy L. Eshenroder, James R. Bence, Lloyd C. Mohr, Mark P. Ebener, Thomas F. Nalepa, Aaron P. Woldt, James E. Johnson, Ray L. Argyle, Joseph C. Makarewicz
2005, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (62) 1432-1451
We review the status of the Lake Huron fish community between 1970 and 1999 and explore the effects of key stressors. Offshore waters changed little in terms of nutrient enrichment, while phosphorus levels declined in inner Saginaw Bay. Introduced mussels (Dreissena spp.) proliferated and may have caused a decline in Diporeia spp. This...
Strong effects of predation by fishes on an invasive macroinvertebrate in a large floodplain river
Michelle R. Bartsch, Lynn Bartsch, Steve Gutreuter
2005, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (24) 168-177
We assessed the effects of fish predation on zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in Navigation Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River from 13 May to 5 October, 1998. Concrete-block samplers were deployed at 18 randomly chosen sites in the main-channel border, with 6 sites in the upper, middle, and lower...
Use of fish-otolith-length regressions to infer size of double-crested cormorant prey fish from recovered otoliths in Lake Ontario
Robert M. Ross, James H. Johnson, Connie M. Adams
2005, Northeastern Naturalist (12) 133-140
To provide a method for estimating fish size from fish otoliths for forensic applications or other predictive uses, morphometric measurements were obtained from three centrarchid fishes (pumpkinseed [Lepomis gibbosus], rock bass [Ambloplites rupestris], and smallmouth bass [Micropterus dolomieu]), two percids (yellow perch [Perca flavescens] and walleye [Stizostedion vitreum]), and one...
Landscape composition, patch size, and distance to edges: Interactions affecting duck reproductive success
David Joseph Horn, Michael L. Phillips, Rolf R. Koford, William R. Clark, Marsha A. Sovada, Raymond J. Greenwood
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 1367-1376
Prairies and other North American grasslands, although highly fragmented, provide breeding habitat for a diverse array of species, including species of tremendous economic and ecological importance. Conservation and management of these species requires some understanding of how reproductive success is affected by edge effects, patch size, and characteristics of the...
Modelling habitat associations with fingernail clam (Family: Sphaeriidae) counts at multiple spatial scales using hierarchical count models
Brian R. Gray, Roger J. Haro, James T. Rogala, Jennifer S. Sauer
2005, Freshwater Biology (50) 715-729
1. Macroinvertebrate count data often exhibit nested or hierarchical structure. Examples include multiple measurements along each of a set of streams, and multiple synoptic measurements from each of a set of ponds. With data exhibiting hierarchical structure, outcomes at both sampling (e.g. within stream) and aggregated (e.g. stream) scales are...
Reply to "Comment on 'How can seismic hazard around the New Madrid seismic zone be similar to that in California?' by Arthur Frankel", by Zhenming Wang, Baoping Shi, and John D. Kiefer
Arthur Frankel
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 472-475
[No abstract available]...
Ecosystem maturity and performance
Q. Guo
2005, Nature (435) E6-E6
Arising from: Bai, Y., Han, X., Wu, J., Chen, Z. & Li, L. Nature, 431, 181–184 (2004); see also communication from Wang et al.; Bai, Y., Han, X., Wu, J., Chen, Z. & Li, L. reply.The effect of maturity, or successional stage, on ecosystem performance (measured as productivity or stability,...
Embryonic developmental progression in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) (Walbaum, 1792) and its relation to lake temperature
Jeffrey D. Allen, Glenn K. Walker, Jean V. Adams, S. Jerrine Nichols, Carol C. Edsall
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 187-209
Developmental progression of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) embryos was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. From this examination, key developmental stages were described in detail. The key developmental stages were then applied to individual lake trout egg lots incubated in constant temperatures of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10°C....
Sculpin community dynamics in Lake Michigan
Charles P. Madenjian, Darryl W. Hondorp, Timothy J. Desorcie, Jeffrey D. Holuszko
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 267-276
Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the dynamics of sympatric populations of deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). The first hypothesis is that slimy sculpins negatively affect survival of deepwater sculpins, and therefore deepwater sculpins coexist with slimy sculpins only when a keystone predator, lake trout...
Reply to "Comment on 'How can seismic hazard in the New Madrid seismic zone be similar to that in California?' by Arthur Frankel"
Arthur D. Frankel
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 366-367
No abstract available....
Occurrence and growth characteristics of Escherichia coli and enterococci within the accumulated fluid of the northern pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea L.)
Richard L. Whitman, Stacey E. Byers, Dawn A. Shively, Donna M. Ferguson, Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli
2005, Canadian Journal of Microbiology (51) 1027-1037
Sarracenia purpurea L., a carnivorous bog plant (also known as the pitcher plant), represents an excellent model of a well-defined, self-contained ecosystem; the individual pitchers of the plant serve as a microhabitat for a variety of micro- and macro-organisms. Previously, fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and enterococci) were shown as...
Global land cover mapping and characterization: present situation and future research priorities
Chandra Giri
2005, Geocarto International (20) 35-42
The availability and accessibility of global land cover data sets plays an important role in many global change studies. The importance of such science‐based information is also reflected in a number of international, regional, and national projects and programs. Recent developments in earth observing satellite technology, information technology, computer hardware...
Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest
Sammy L. King, T. J. Antrobus
2005, Journal of Vegetation Science (16) 471-478
Question:In floodplain forests, does frequent flooding allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant tree species or do small canopy gap openings lead to replacement by shade-tolerant tree species?Location:Cache River, Arkansas, US; 55 m a.s.l.Methods:The species, diameter-at-breast height, and elevation of primary gap-maker trees...
Roads and traffic: Effects on ecology and wildlife habitat use; applications for cooperative adaptive management
Douglas S. Ouren, Raymond D. Watts
2005, Fact Sheet 2005-3102
The land of the United States in dissected by more than 4 million miles of roads that fragment wildlife habitat on both public and private lands. Traffic on these roads causes additional effects. On secondary roads, which provide access to the most natural habitat, the levels, timing, and types of...
