Global pattern of trends in streamflow and water availability in a changing climate
P. C. D. Milly, K.A. Dunne, A. V. Vecchia
2005, Nature (438) 347-350
Water availability on the continents is important for human health, economic activity, ecosystem function and geophysical processes. Because the saturation vapour pressure of water in air is highly sensitive to temperature, perturbations in the global water cycle are expected to accompany climate warming. Regional patterns of warming-induced changes in surface hydroclimate...
Headwater riparian invertebrate communities associated with red alder and conifer wood and leaf litter in southeastern Alaska
C.M. LeSage, R.W. Merritt, M.S. Wipfli
2005, Northwest Science (79) 218-232
We examined how management of young upland forests in southeastern Alaska affect riparian invertebrate taxa richness, density, and biomass, in turn, potentially influencing food abundance for fish and wildlife. Southeastern Alaska forests are dominated by coniferous trees including Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.),...
Juvenile frogs compensate for small metamorph size with terrestrial growth: Overcoming the effects of larval density and insecticide exposure
Michelle D. Boone
2005, Journal of Herpetology (39) 416-423
I reared four species of anurans (Rana sphenocephala [Southern Leopard Frog], Rana blairi [Plains Leopard Frog], Rana clamitans [Green Frog], and Bufo woodhousii [Woodhouse's Toad]) for seven to 12 months in small, outdoor terrestrial enclosures (1 × 2 m) to examine the consequences of larval competition (via density)...
Effects of lowhead dams on the ephemeropterans, plecopterans, and trichopterans group in a north American River
Jeremy S. Tiemann, David P. Gillette, Mark L. Wildhaber, David R. Edds
2005, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (20) 519-525
We assessed the effects of lowhead dams on the EPT group (ephemeropterans, plecopterans, and trichopterans) by sampling habitat and macroinvertebiates monthly from November 2000 to October 2001 at eight gravel bars centered around two lowhead dams on the Neosho River, Lyon County, Kansas. Sites included a reference and treatment site...
Spatiotemporal patterns of fish assemblage structure in a river impounded by low-head dams
David P. Gillette, Jeremy S. Tiemann, David R. Edds, Mark L. Wildhaber
2005, Copeia (3) 539-549
We studied spatiotemporal patterns of fish assemblage structure in the Neosho River, Kansas, a system impounded by low-head dams. Spatial variation in the fish assemblage was related to the location of dams that created alternating lotic and lentic stream reaches with differing fish assemblages. At upstream sites close to dams,...
Water dispersal of vegetative bulbils of the invasive exotic Dioscorea oppositifolia L. in southern Illinois
J.R. Thomas, D.J. Gibson, B.A. Middleton
2005, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (132) 187-196
Riparian corridors promote dispersal of several species of exotic invasives worldwide. Dispersal plays a role in the colonization of exotic invasive species into new areas and this study was conducted to determine if the invasiveness of Dioscorea oppositifolia L. (Chinese yam) is facilitated by secondary dispersal of vegetative diaspores (bulbils)...
Climate dependency of tree growth suppressed by acid deposition effects on soils in Northwest Russia
G.B. Lawrence, A.G. Lapenis, D. Berggren, B.F. Aparin, K.T. Smith, W.C. Shortle, S.W. Bailey, D.L. Varlyguin, B. Babikov
2005, Environmental Science & Technology (39) 2004-2010
Increased tree growth in temperate and boreal forests has been proposed as a direct consequence of a warming climate. Acid deposition effects on nutrient availability may influence the climate dependency of tree growth, however. This study presents an analysis of archived soil samples that has enabled changes in soil chemistry...
Alkali elemental and potassium isotopic compositions of Semarkona chondrules
C. M. O’D. Alexander, Jeffrey N. Grossman
2005, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (40) 541-556
We report measurements of K isotope ratios in 28 Semarkona chondrules with a wide range of petrologic types and bulk compositions as well as the compositions of CPX-mesostasis pairs in 17 type I Semarkona chondrules, including two chondrules with radial alkali zonation and 19 type II chondrules. Despite the wide...
Two alternative juvenile life history types for fall Chinook salmon in the Snake River basin
W.P. Connor, J.G. Sneva, K.F. Tiffan, R.K. Steinhorst, D. Ross
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 291-304
Fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Snake River basin were listed under the Endangered Species Act in 1992. At the time of listing, it was assumed that fall Chinook salmon juveniles in the Snake River basin adhered strictly to an ocean-type life history characterized by saltwater entry at age...
Influence of loss of gradient from postglacial uplift on Red River flood hazard, Manitoba, Canada
G. R. Brooks, L. Harvey Thorleifson, C.F.M. Lewis
2005, Holocene (15) 347-352
The north-flowing, low-gradient section of the Red River in Manitoba has lost ???60% of its valley gradient since 8 ka cal. BP. An existing hydraulic model of the modern Red River flood zone was used to examine the change in flood extent and depth of a discharge equivalent to the...
Inducible defenses in food webs: Chapter 3.4
Matthijs Vos, Bob W. Kooi, Donald L. DeAngelis, Wolf M. Mooij
Peter de Ruiter, Volkmar Wolters, John C. Moore, Kimberly Melville-Smith, editor(s)
2005, Book chapter, Dynamic food webs: Multispecies assemblages, ecosystem development, and environmental change
This chapter reviews the predicted effects of induced defenses on trophic structure and two aspects of stability, “local” stability and persistence, as well as presenting novel results on a third, resilience. Food webs are structures of populations in a given location organized according to their predator–prey interactions. Interaction strengths and,...
Determinants of wood thrush nest success: A multi-scale, model selection approach
Melanie J.L. Driscoll, T. Donovan, R. Mickey, A. Howard, K.K. Fleming
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 699-709
We collected data on 212 wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) nests in central New York from 1998 to 2000 to determine the factors that most strongly influence nest success. We used an information-theoretic approach to assess and rank 9 models that examined the relationship between nest success (i.e., the probability that...
Effect of tilt on strong motion data processing
V.M. Graizer
2005, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (25) 197-204
In the near-field of an earthquake the effects of the rotational components of ground motion may not be negligible compared to the effects of translational motions. Analyses of the equations of motion of horizontal and vertical pendulums show that horizontal sensors are sensitive not only to translational motion but also...
Thermal maturity of type II kerogen from the New Albany Shale assessed by13C CP/MAS NMR
U. Werner-Zwanziger, G. Lis, Maria Mastalerz, A. Schimmelmann
2005, Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (27) 140-148
Thermal maturity of oil and gas source rocks is typically quantified in terms of vitrinite reflectance, which is based on optical properties of terrestrial woody remains. This study evaluates 13C CP/MAS NMR parameters in kerogen (i.e., the insoluble fraction of organic matter in sediments and sedimentary rocks) as proxies for...
Temporal and spatial variation of early mortality syndrome in salmonids from Lakes Michigan and Huron
M. Wolgamood, J.G. Hnath, S.B. Brown, K. Moore, S.V. Marcquenski, D. C. Honeyfield, J. P. Hinterkopf, J.D. Fitzsimons, D. E. Tillitt
2005, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (17) 65-76
To assess the extent that early mortality syndrome (EMS) impacts different Pacific salmonid stocks and the association of EMS with thiamine, we collected eggs of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch from three Lake Michigan tributaries (Platte River, Thompson Creek, and Root River) in 1996-2001. We also obtained eggs of Chinook salmon...
The GIS weasel - An interface for the development of spatial information in modeling
Roland J. Viger, S.M. Markstrom, G.H. Leavesley
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
The GIS Weasel is a map and Graphical User Interface (GUI) driven tool that has been developed as an aid to modelers in the delineation, characterization of geographic features, and their parameterization for use in distributed or lumped parameter physical process models. The interface does not require user expertise in...
Oxygen isotopic composition and U-Pb discordance in zircon
A.L. Booth, Y. Kolodny, C. P. Chamberlain, M. McWilliams, A.K. Schmitt, J. Wooden
2005, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (69) 4895-4905
We have investigated U-Pb discordance and oxygen isotopic composition of zircon using high-spatial resolution ??18O measurement by ion microprobe. ??18O in both concordant and discordant zircon grains provides an indication of the relationship between fluid interaction and discordance. Our results suggest that three characteristics of zircon are interrelated: (1) U-Pb...
Trace elements in streambed sediments of small subtropical streams on O'ahu, Hawai'i: Results from the USGS NAWQA program
E. H. De Carlo, M.S. Tomlinson, S. S. Anthony
2005, Applied Geochemistry (20) 2157-2188
Data are presented for trace element concentrations determined in the <63 ??m fraction of streambed sediment samples collected at 24 sites on the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i. Sampling sites were classified as urban, agricultural, mixed (urban/agricultural), or forested based on their dominant land use, although the mixed land use at...
Hooking mortality and physiological responses of striped bass angled in freshwater and held in live-release tubes
J.M. Bettinger, J.R. Tomasso Jr., J. Jeffery Isely
2005, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (25) 1273-1280
Mortality and physiological responses of adult striped bass Morone saxatilis angled from Lake Murray, South Carolina, and held in live-release tubes were evaluated during the spring and summer of 2003. To estimate mortality, we attached external ultrasonic transmitters to 59 striped bass (mean total length [TL] = 585 mm). Striped...
Spatial relationships between an introduced snapper and native goatfishes on Hawaiian reefs
B.D. Schumacher, J.D. Parrish
2005, Biological Invasions (7) 925-933
It has been suggested that the introduced blueline snapper (Lutjanus kasmira, Family: Lutjanidae) may adversely affect populations of native fishery species in Hawai'i through competition for spatial or dietary resources, or through predation on young fish. We studied the habitat use patterns of L. kasmira and several native reef fish...
Vulnerability of young white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, to predation in the presence of alternative prey
D.M. Gadomski, M.J. Parsley
2005, Environmental Biology of Fishes (74) 389-396
We conducted laboratory trials to test the vulnerability of young white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, to predation when an alternative prey was available. In trials with two species of predators, we observed two feeding patterns. When equal numbers of white sturgeon and goldfish, Carassius auratus, were available, prickly sculpins, Cottus asper,...
Fire history of the San Francisco East Bay region and implications for landscape patterns
Jon E. Keeley
2005, International Journal of Wildland Fire (14) 285-296
The San Francisco East Bay landscape is a rich mosaic of grasslands, shrublands and woodlands that is experiencing losses of grassland due to colonization by shrubs and succession towards woodland associations. The instability of these grasslands is apparently due to their disturbance-dependent nature coupled with 20th century changes in fire...
Survival and condition of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) after radiotagging
D.J. Neubaum, M.A. Neubaum, L.E. Ellison, T. J. O'Shea
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 95-98
We tested the 5% rule for the ratio of radiotransmitter mass to body mass by applying radiotransmitters and passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) or PIT tags alone to adult, female big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) roosting in buildings in Fort Collins, Colorado. We used records from PIT readers at roosts...
The influence of ozone on atmospheric emissions of gaseous elemental mercury and reactive gaseous mercury from substrates
M.A. Engle, Gustin M. Sexauer, S.E. Lindberg, A.W. Gertler, P.A. Ariya
2005, Conference Paper, Atmospheric Environment
Experiments were performed to investigate the effect of ozone (O 3) on mercury (Hg) emission from a variety of Hg-bearing substrates. Substrates with Hg(II) as the dominant Hg phase exhibited a 1.7 to 51-fold increase in elemental Hg (Hgo) flux and a 1.3 to 8.6-fold increase in reactive gaseous mercury...
Variations in climate and ephemeral channel recharge in southeastern Arizona, United States
D. R. Pool
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
Significant variations in interannual and decadal recharge rates are likely in alluvial basins of the semiarid southwestern United States on the basis of decadal variations in climate and precipitation and correlation of El Niño with high rates of winter precipitation and streamflow. A better understanding of the magnitude of recharge...
