Evaluation of gases, condensates, and SO2 emissions from Augustine volcano, Alaska: the degassing of a Cl-rich volcanic system
R.B. Symonds, William I. Rose Jr., T.M. Gerlach, Paul H. Briggs, R.S. Harmon
1990, Bulletin of Volcanology (52) 355-374
After the March-April 1986 explosive eruption a comprehensive gas study at Augustine was undertaken in the summers of 1986 and 1987. Airborne COSPEC measurements indicate that passive SO2 emission rates declined exponentially during this period from 380??45 metric tons/day (T/D) on 7/24/86 to 27??6 T/D on 8/24/87. These data are...
Flexible time budgets in breeding Common Murres: Buffers against variable prey availability
A.E. Burger, John F. Piatt
1990, Studies in Avian Biology (14) 71-83
Mortality rates of canvasbacks were estimated from band-recovery records. The annual rate of mortality of immatures during the first year was 77 per cent. Annual mortality rates of adults ranged from 35 to 50 per cent. Mortality rates of females were higher than those of males. Relatively larger numbers of...
Colony attendance and population monitoring of Least and Crested auklets on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska
John F. Piatt, Bay D. Roberts, Scott A. Hatch
1990, The Condor (92) 97-106
Diurnal and seasonal patterns of attendance of Least Auklets (Aethia pusilla) and Crested Auklets (A. cristatella) were studied in 1987 at breeding colonies on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Numbers of auklets attending eight 200-m2 plots on talus slopes were counted throughout the day by observers on 11 occasions through the...
Reflected and mode-converted seismic waves within the shallow Aleutian subduction zone, southern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
C.D. Stephens, R.A. Page, J.C. Lahr
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 6883-6897
Pronounced secondary phases observed in local recordings of quarry shots and earthquakes on the southern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, are identified as reflected P and S and converted S-to-P phases originating within four depth ranges: in the upper few kilometers of the Cook Inlet Tertiary basin, at midcrustal depths within the...
Effects of neck bands on the behavior of wintering greater white-fronted geese
Craig R. Ely
1990, Journal of Field Ornithology (61) 249-253
Activity budgets of adult Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) with and without neck bands during the non-breeding season revealed that geese with neck bands spent more time preening than geese without neck bands while at foraging sites, but not while at roosting sites. Neck-banded and control geese spent equal...
Components of breeding productivity in a marine bird community: key factors and concordance
Scott A. Hatch, Martha A. Hatch
1990, Canadian Journal of Zoology (68) 1680-1690
We estimated components of annual breeding productivity for eight species of marine birds on the Semidi Islands in the western Gulf of Alaska. Mortality of eggs and young, caused primarily by avian predators, accounted for most of the annual variation in productivity. Failure to produce eggs, clutch size variation, and...
Extra-pair copulations in Black Brant
Daniel Welsh, James S. Sedinger
1990, The Condor (92) 242-244
Monogamy is the primary mating system among waterfowl, but extra-pair copulations (EPCs) have been documented in at least 39 species (McKinney et al. 1983). Extra-pair copulations occur in most Holarctic species of dabbling ducks (Anas spp.), but have been recorded in only three species of geese: Lesser Snow Geese, Chen...
Eruptions of Mount St. Helens : Past, present, and future
Robert I. Tilling, Lyn J. Topinka, Donald A. Swanson
1990, Report
Mount St. Helens, located in southwestern Washington about 50 miles northeast of Portland, Oregon, is one of several lofty volcanic peaks that dominate the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest; the range extends from Mount Garibaldi in British Columbia, Canada, to Lassen Peak in northern California. Geologists call Mount St....
Individual variation in behavior and breeding success of Northern Fulmars
Scott A. Hatch
1990, The Auk (107) 750-755
In a sample of breeding Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) observed in 4-5 years, up to 43% of the variability in 13 attributes of breeding behavior was consistent among individuals or pairs. Sample means for most attributes were correlated in a predictable way with annual levels of breeding success. Except for...
Kilbuck terrane: Oldest known rocks in Alaska
S. E. Box, E. J. Moll-Stalcup, J. L. Wooden, J.Y. Bradshaw
1990, Geology (18) 1219-1222
The Kilbuck terrane in southwestern Alaska is a narrow, thin crustal sliver or flake of amphibolite facies orthogneiss. The igneous protolith of this gneiss was a suite of subduction-related platonic rocks. U-Pb data on zircons from trondhjemitic and granitic samples yield upper-intercept (igneous)...
Evaluation of sea otter capture after the Exxon Valdez oil spill, Prince William Sound, Alaska
James L. Bodkin, F. Weltz
Keith Bayha, Jennifer Kormendy, editor(s)
1990, Biological Report 90(12)
After the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill into Prince William Sound, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Exxon Company, U.S.A., began rescuing sea otters (Enhydra lutris). The primary objective of this operation was to capture live, oiled sea otters for cleaning and rehabilitation. Between 30 March and 29 May...
Immediate impact of the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill on marine birds
John F. Piatt, Calvin J. Lensink, William Butler, Marshal Kendziorek, David R. Nysewander
1990, The Auk (107) 387-397
On 24 March 1989, the oil tanker 'Exxon Valdez' spilled 260,000 barrels of crude oil in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Oil eventually drifted over $30,000\ {\rm km}^{2}$ of coastal and offshore waters occupied by approximately one million marine birds. More than 30,000 dead birds of 90 species were retrieved from...
The importance of subarctic intertidal habitats to shorebirds: A study of the central Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Robert E. Gill Jr., Colleen M. Handel
1990, The Condor (92) 709-725
A 6-year study of shorebird use of intertidal habitats of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta revealed this area to be one of the premiere sites for shorebirds throughout the Holarctic and worthy of designation as a Hemispheric Shorebird Reserve in the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network. The study area, which covered 10%...
Characterization of hydrocarbon gas within the stratigraphic interval of gas-hydrate stability on the North Slope of Alaska, U.S.A.
T. S. Collett, K.A. Kvenvolden, L. B. Magoon
1990, Applied Geochemistry (5) 279-287
In the Kuparuk River Unit 2D-15 well, on the North Slope of Alaska, a 60 m-thick stratigraphic interval that lies within the theoretical pressure-temperature field of gas-hydrate stability is inferred to contain methane hydrates. This inference is based on interpretations from...
Sediment thickness in the southern Canada Basin
S. D. May, A. Grantz
1990, Marine Geology (93) 331-347
Multichannel seismic reflection data are used, in conjunction with deep crustal seismic refraction data, to estimate the thickness of sediments in the southern Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean north of Alaska. The sediments are interpreted to be of Hauterivian (mid-Early Cretaceous)...
Distribution, age, and sex composition of sea otter carcasses recovered during the response to the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill
Anthony R. DeGange, Calvin J. Lensink
Keith Bayha, Jennifer Kormendy, editor(s)
1990, Biological Report 90(12)
Nearly 900 sea otter (Enhydra lutris) carcasses were recovered in or adjacent to coastal areas affected by the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill. The time of carcass recovery and the condition of carcasses indicate that most oil spill-induced mortality occurred early in the response period. In fact, by 19 May...
Procedures and rationale for marking sea otters captured and treated during the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill
A.R. DeGange, T.D. Williams
Keith Bayha, Jennifer Kormendy, editor(s)
1990, Biological Report 90(12)
Four methods were used for marking sea otters (Enhydra lutris) captured and treated during the response to the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill. Colored and numbered flipper tags were placed on each sea otter that was brought to the otter treatment centers. These tags allowed individual recognition and permitted the...
Species profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest)--ghost and blue mud shrimp
S. Hornig, A. Sterling, Styles Smith
1989, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report Biological Report 82(11.93). U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, TR EL-82-4.
Geographic range: The ghost shrimp is found in intertidal areas along the west coast of North America from Mutiny Bay, Alaska, to the mouth of the Tijuana River, San Diego County, California; MacGinitie (1934) and Ricketts and Calvin (1968) reported finding specimens as far south as El Estuario de Punto...
Tundra ponds of the Yukon Delta, Alaska, and their macroinvertebrate communities.
J. A. Maciolek
1989, Hydrobiologia (172) 193-206
The Yukon Delta, a low alluvial tundra in western Alaska, has more than 105 thaw-basin ponds within its 70000 km2 area. In 1984 and 1985, 68 ponds in three interior areas of the Delta were surveyed to determine limnological features, macroinvertebrate fauna, and trophic character. Ponds ranged up to 90...
The evolution of forearc structures along an oblique convergent margin, central Aleutian Arc
Holly F. Ryan, D.W. Scholl
1989, Tectonics (8) 497-516
Multichannel seismic reflection data were used to determine the evolutionary history of the forearc region of the central Aleutian Ridge. Since at least late Miocene time this sector of the ridge has been obliquely underthrust 30° west of orthogonal convergence by the northwestward converging Pacific plate at a rate of...
United States National seismograph network
Robert P. Masse, J.R. Filson, A. Murphy
1989, Tectonophysics (167) 133-138
The USGS National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) has planned and is developing a broadband digital seismograph network for the United States. The network will consist of approximately 150 seismograph stations distributed across the contiguous 48 states and across Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Data transmission will be...
Simulation of ground-water flow at Anchorage, Alaska, 1955-83
Leslie Patrick, T. P. Brabets, R. L. Glass
1989, Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4139
The groundwater system at Anchorage, Alaska was analyzed by using a two-layer three-dimensional mathematical model. By use of existing data, both nonpumping and pumping steady-state conditions and transient conditions were simulated. Under steady-state conditions, calculated directions of groundwater flow were similar to observed flow patterns, and calculated stream discharges generally...
North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; Alaska
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1989, Bulletin 1875-C
Geochemical map showing the distribution of selected elements determined in stream sediments from the Mount Katmai and parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska
S. E. Church, E. A. Bailey, J.R. Riehle
1989, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2021-A
Mineral and energy resource assessment maps of the Ugashik, Bristol Bay, and western Karluk quadrangles, Alaska
S. E. Church, R. L. Detterman, Frederic H. Wilson
1989, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1539-I
