Seismic history of the Middle America subduction zone along El Salvador, Guatemala, and Chiapas, Mexico: 1526–2000
Randall A. White, Juan Pablo Ligorria, I.L. Cifuentes
William I. Rose, Julian J. Bommer, Dina L. Lopez, Michael J. Carr, Jon J. Major, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Natural hazards in El Salvador
We present a catalog of subduction zone earthquakes along the Pacific coast from central El Salvador to eastern Chiapas, Mexico, from 1526 to 2000. We estimate that the catalog is complete since 1690 for MS ≥7.4 thrust events and M ≥ 7.4 normal-faulting events within the upper 60 km of the...
Porosity and pore-size distribution
John R. Nimmo
2004, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of soils in the environment
No abstract available. ...
Using geochemical data and aquifer simulation to characterize recharge and groundwater flow in the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico
Niel Plummer, Ward E. Sanford, Laura M. Bexfield, Scott K. Anderholm, Eurybiades Busenberg
James F. Hogan, Fred M. Phillips, Bridget R. Scanlon, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Groundwater recharge in a desert environment: The southwestern United States
No abstract available. ...
Selenium loading through the Blackfoot River watershed--linking sources to ecosystem
Theresa S. Presser, Matthew Hardy, Mark Huebner, Paul J. Lamothe
James R. Hein, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Handbook of exploration and environmental geochemistry
The upper Blackfoot River watershed in southeast Idaho receives drainage from 11 of 16 phosphate mines that have extracted ore from the Phosphoria Formation, three of which are presently active. Toxic effects from selenium (Se), including death of livestock and deformity in aquatic birds, were documented locally in areas...
Fundamental concepts of recharge in the Desert Southwest: A regional modeling perspective
Alan L. Flint, Lorraine E. Flint, J.A. Hevesi
2004, Book chapter, Groundwater recharge in a desert environment: The southwestern United States
Recharge in arid basins does not occur in all years or at all locations within a basin. In the desert Southwest potential evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation on an average annual basis and, in many basins, on an average monthly basis. Ground-water traveltime from the surface to the water table and recharge...
Seismicity and tectonics of El Salvador
James W. Dewey, Randall A. White, Douglas A. Hernandez
William I. Rose, Julian J. Bommer, Dina L. Lopez, Michael J. Carr, Jon J. Major, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Natural hazards in El Salvador
The large-scale plate-tectonics framework of El Salvador was defined in the “plate-tectonics revolution” of the 1960s and 1970s, but important issues related to seismic hazards depend on details that have been only recently, or are not yet, understood. Present evidence suggests that coupling across the interface-thrust zone beneath coastal El...
Age and evolution of the Precambrian crust of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana
Paul A. Mueller, Henry Robert Burger, Joseph L. Wooden, Ann L. Heatherington, David W. Mogk, Kimberly D’Arcy
John B. Brady, John T. Cheney, Tekla Harms, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Precambrian geology of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana
U-Pb analyses of zircons from gneisses, anatectic leucosome, metasedimentary rocks, and a younger (metamorphosed) mafic dike from the Tobacco Root Mountains of southwestern Montana document a Precambrian history that extends from at least 3.90–1.77 Ga. The oldest U-Pb age reported here (3.8 Ga) is from a detrital zircon from a...
Geochemistry of quartzofeldspathic gneisses and metamorphic mafic rocks of the Indian Creek and Pony–Middle Mountain Metamorphic Suites, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana
David W. Mogk, Henry Robert Burger, Paul A. Mueller, Kimberly D’Arcy, Ann L. Heatherington, Joseph L. Wooden, Reyna L. Abeyta, Jennifer L. Martin, Lisa J. Jacob
John B. Brady, John T. Cheney, Tekla Harms, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Precambrian geology of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana
Quartzofeldspathic gneisses and metamorphic mafic rocks are the dominant lithologies in the Indian Creek and Pony–Middle Mountain Metamorphic Suites of the Tobacco Root Mountains. Field relations, geochemical discriminant analysis, and isotopic systematics indicate that these rocks derive from a bimodal volcanic suite ca. 3.3 Ga. The quartzofeldspathic gneisses contain sodic...
Oak-black bear relationships in southeastern uplands
Joseph D. Clark
Martin A. Spetich, editor(s)
2004, Report, Upland oak ecology symposium: history, current conditions, and sustainability
Bears (Ursus americanus) primarily occur in upland habitats in the Southeast because uplands were the last to be developed for agriculture and were more likely to become publicly owned. National parks and forests created in the early to mid-1900s served as sources to supply surrounding uplands with bears. Bears could...
Ground-nesting marine birds and potential for human disturbance in Glacier Bay National Park
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, Marc D. Romano, John F. Piatt
John F. Piatt, S.M. Gende, editor(s)
2004, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Fourth Glacier Bay Science Symposium
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve contains a diverse assemblage of marine birds that use the area for nesting, foraging and molting. The abundance and diversity of marine bird species in Glacier Bay is unmatched in the region, due in part to the geomorphic and successional characteristics that result in...
Designing monitoring programs in an adaptive management context for regional multiple species conservation plans
A.J. Atkinson, P.C. Trenham, Robert N. Fisher, S.A. Hathaway, B.S. Johnson, S.G. Torres, Y.C. Moore
2004, Report
Increasing numbers of regional, multiple species conservation plans have been developed in California since the early 1990s. However, building effective monitoring and adaptive management programs to support these plans has remained a challenge. In addition to collecting data on the status of resources and the results of management actions, monitoring...
Element content of Xanthoparmelia scabrosa growing on asphalt in urban and rural New Zealand
J. P. Bennett, D.M. Wright
2004, Bryologist (107) 421-428
Xanthoparmelia scabrosa is a foliose lichen that grows abundantly on pedestrian and automobile asphalt in New Zealand, which are considered inhospitable habitats for lichens. Samples were collected at eight localities ranging from urban streets to very rural roads and analyzed for 28 chemical elements in order to determine elemental chemistry...
Cervid forage utilization in noncommercially thinned ponderosa pine forests
M.C. Gibbs, J.A. Jenks, C.S. Deperno, B.F. Sowell, Kurt J. Jenkins
2004, Journal of Range Management (57) 435-441
To evaluate effects of noncommercial thinning, utilization of forages consumed by elk (Cervus elaphus L.), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus Raf.), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Raf.) was measured in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) stands in Custer State Park, S. D. Treatments consisted of unthinned (control; 22...
Linking surface- and ground-water levels to riparian grassland species along the Platte River in central Nebraska
R.J. Henszey, K. Pfeiffer, J.R. Keough
2004, Wetlands (24) 665-687
Nearly all the techniques used to quantify how plants are linked to environmental gradients produce results in general terms, such as low to high elevation, xeric to mesic, and low to high concentration. While ecologists comprehend these imprecise scales, managers responsible for making decisions affecting these gradients need more precise...
Commentary: A cautionary tale regarding use of the National Land Cover Dataset 1992
Wayne E. Thogmartin, Alisa L. Gallant, Melinda G. Knutson, Timothy J. Fox, Manuel J. Suarez
2004, Wildlife Society Bulletin (32) 970-978
Digital land-cover data are among the most popular data sources used in ecological research and natural resource management. However, processes for accurate land-cover classification over large regions are still evolving. We identified inconsistencies in the National Land Cover Dataset 1992, the most current and available representation of land cover for...
A unified approach to analyzing nest success
T.L. Shaffer
2004, The Auk (121) 526-540
Logistic regression has become increasingly popular for modeling nest success in terms of nest-specific explanatory variables. However, logistic regression models for nest fate are inappropriate when applied to data from nests found at various ages, for the same reason that the apparent estimator of nest success is biased (i.e. older...
Transmission of Neospora caninum between wild and domestic animals
L.F.P. Gondim, M.M. McAllister, N. E. Mateus-Pinilla, W. Pitt, L.D. Mech, M.E. Nelson, M.S. Lenarz
2004, Journal of Parasitology (90) 1361-1365
To determine whether deer can transmit Neospora caninum, brains of naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were fed to 4 dogs; 2 of these dogs shed oocysts. Oocysts from 1 of the dogs were tested by polymerase chain reaction and found to be positive for N. caninum and negative for Hammondia heydorni. The internal...
Patterns of variation in clutch sizes in a guild of temperate-nesting dabbling ducks
Gary L. Krapu, R. E. Reynolds, G.A. Sargeant, R.W. Renner
2004, The Auk (121) 695-706
Clutch sizes of temperate-nesting dabbling ducks vary widely within and between years. Biologists have long been interested in why such patterns exist but have had difficulty separating intrinsic effects from environmental influences. In an attempt to gain greater insight into the roles of intrinsic and environmental influences on clutch sizes...
Is climate change affecting wolf populations in the high Arctic?
L.D. Mech
2004, Climatic Change (67) 87-93
Global climate change may affect wolves in Canada's High Arctic (80° N) acting through three trophic levels (vegetation, herbivores, and wolves). A wolf pack dependent on muskoxen and arctic hares in the Eureka area of Ellesmere Island denned and produced pups most years from at least 1986 through 1997. However...
Nutritional condition of Northern Yellowstone Elk
R.C. Cook, J.G. Cook, L.D. Mech
2004, Journal of Mammalogy (85) 714-722
We estimated nutritional condition for 96 female northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) during mid- to late winter 2000, 2001, and 2002. Neither year nor capture location significantly influenced any measure of condition (body fat, body mass, and longissimus dorsi thickness; P ≥ 0.14). Overall, age = 8.9 years ± 0.4 SE, body...
Small mammals in montane wet meadow habitat at Grays Lake, Idaho
J. E. Austin, W.H. Pyle
2004, Northwest Science (78) 225-233
Monitoring radionuclide contamination in the unsaturated zone - Lessons learned at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nye County, Nevada
David A. Stonestrom, Jared D. Abraham, Brian J. Andraski, Ronald J. Baker, C. Justin Mayers, Robert L. Michel, David E. Prudic, Robert G. Striegl, Michelle Ann Walvoord
2004, Conference Paper, Proceedings, Workshop on long-term performance monitoring of metals and radionuclides in the subsurface
Contaminant-transport processes are being investigated at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Amargosa Desert Research Site (A DRS), adjacent to the Nation’s first commercial disposal facility for low-level radioactive waste. Gases containing tritium and radiocarbon are migrating through a 110-m thick unsaturated zone from unlined trenches that received waste from 1962 to...
Achieving environmentally relevant organochlorine pesticide concentrations in eggs through maternal exposure in Alligator mississippiensis
R.H. Rauschenberger, J.J. Wiebe, J.E. Buckland, Joe T. Smith, M. S. Sepulveda, T. S. Gross
2004, Marine Environmental Research (58) 851-856
Alligator mississippiensis eggs from organochlorine pesticide (OCP) contaminated sites in Florida exhibit high rates of embryonic mortality compared to reference sites (p<0.05). The objective of the present study was to use captive adult alligators to test the hypotheses that maternal exposure to OCPs results in increased OCP concentrations in eggs,...
The wetland continuum: A conceptual framework for interpreting biological studies
N.H. Euliss Jr., J. W. LaBaugh, L.H. Fredrickson, D.M. Mushet, Murray K. Laubhan, G.A. Swanson, T. C. Winter, D.O. Rosenberry, R.D. Nelson
2004, Wetlands (24) 448-458
We describe a conceptual model, the wetland continuum, which allows wetland managers, scientists, and ecologists to consider simultaneously the influence of climate and hydrologic setting on wetland biological communities. Although multidimensional, the wetland continuum is most easily represented as a two-dimensional gradient, with ground water and atmospheric water constituting the...
Habitat selection by tundra swans on Northern Alaska breeding grounds
Susan L. Earnst, T. Rothe
2004, Waterbirds (27) 224-233
Habitat selection by the Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) was evaluated on the Colville River Delta prior to oil field development (1982-1989). Tundra Swan territories comprised a lake, used for refuge and foraging, and terrestrial habitats and ponds near the lake's perimeter used for foraging and nesting. Tundra swan sightings...
