Petroleum systems succeed play basis in Appalachian basin resource estimate
R. C. Milici, R. T. Ryder
2004, Oil & Gas Journal (102) 40-43
The US Geological Survey (USGS) periodically conducts subjective probabilistic assessments of the technically recoverable undiscovered hydrocarbon resources of the US and of the world. In addition, the USGS prepares forecasts of that portion of the technically recoverable resources that may be economic under specified conditions of supply, demand, and price....
Remediation of spilled petroleum hydrocarbons by in situ landfarming at an arctic site
K. McCarthy, L. Walker, L. Vigoren, J. Bartel
2004, Cold Regions Science and Technology (39) 31-39
A simple, economical landfarming operation was implemented to treat 3600 m3 of soil at a site just northeast of Barrow, AK (latitude 71.3 ??N). Prior to landfarming, diesel-range organics (DRO) and trimethylbenzenes (TMB) were present in the soil at concentrations more than an order of magnitude greater than the established...
Estimating V̄s(30) (or NEHRP site classes) from shallow velocity models (depths < 30 m)
David M. Boore
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) 591-597
The average velocity to 30 m [V??s(30)] is a widely used parameter for classifying sites to predict their potential to amplify seismic shaking. In many cases, however, models of shallow shear-wave velocities, from which V??s(30) can be computed, do not extend to 30 m. If the data for these cases...
Redox transformations of arsenic oxyanions in periphyton communities
T.R. Kulp, S.E. Hoeft, R.S. Oremland
2004, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (70) 6428-6434
Periphyton (Cladophora sp.) samples from a suburban stream lacking detectable dissolved As were able to reduce added As(V) to As(III) when incubated under anoxic conditions and, conversely, oxidized added As(III) to As(V) with aerobic incubation. Both types of activity were abolished in autoclaved controls, thereby demonstrating its...
Complex proximal deposition during the Plinian eruptions of 1912 at Novarupta, Alaska
Bruce F. Houghton, C. J. N. Wilson, J. Fierstein, W. Hildreth
2004, Bulletin of Volcanology (66) 95-133
Proximal (<3 km) deposits from episodes II and III of the 60-h-long Novarupta 1912 eruption exhibit a very complex stratigraphy, the result of at least four transport regimes and diverse depositional mechanisms. They contrast with the relatively simple stratigraphy (and inferred emplacement mechanisms) for the previously documented, better known, medial-distal...
Morphology and sedimentation on open-coast intertidal flats of the Changjiang Delta, China
D. Fan, C. Li, D. Wang, P. Wang, A.W. Archer, S.F. Greb
2004, Conference Paper, Journal of Coastal Research
On many intertidal flats, lateral aggradation and reworking by large tidal channels is the dominant sedimentary process. On the open-coast intertidal flats of the Changjiang Delta large laterally migrating tidal channels are absent. Instead, numerous shallow tidal creeks cut across the intertidal flats. On these flats, vertical rather than lateral...
Comparison of a new GIS-based technique and a manual method for determining sinkhole density: An example from Illinois' sinkhole plain
J.C. Angel, D.O. Nelson, S.V. Panno
2004, Journal of Cave and Karst Studies (66) 9-17
A new Geographic Information System (GIS) method was developed as an alternative to the hand-counting of sinkholes on topographic maps for density and distribution studies. Sinkhole counts were prepared by hand and compared to those generated from USGS DLG data using ArcView 3.2 and the ArcInfo Workstation component of ArcGIS...
Ad Duwayhi, Saudi Arabia: Geology and geochronology of a neoproterozoic intrusion-related gold system in the Arabian shield
Jeff L. Doebrich, S.G. Zahony, J.D. Leavitt, J.S. Portacio Jr., A.A. Siddiqui, Joseph L. Wooden, Robert J. Fleck, Holly J. Stein
2004, Economic Geology (99) 713-741
The Ad Duwayhi gold deposit, located in the east-central part of the Arabian shield, is the newest gold discovery in Saudi Arabia. Exploration to date has identified a gold resource of greater than 1 million ounces (oz) with significant potential for expansion. Gold mineralization was closely associated, in time...
Comparisons of ground motions from five aftershocks of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake with empirical predictions largely based on data from California
G.-Q. Wang, D.M. Boore, H. Igel, X.-Y. Zhou
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) 2198-2212
The observed ground motions from five large aftershocks of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake are compared with predictions from four equations based primarily on data from California. The four equations for active tectonic regions are those developed by Abrahamson and Silva (1997), Boore et al. (1997), Campbell (1997, 2001), and...
Effects of behavioral and morphological plasticity on risk of predation in a Neotropical tadpole
P.B. McIntyre, S. Baldwin, A.S. Flecker
2004, Oecologia (141) 130-138
Predator-induced phenotypic plasticity is widespread among aquatic animals, however the relative contributions of behavioral and morphological shifts to reducing risk of predation remain uncertain. We tested the phenotypic plasticity of a Neotropical tadpole (Rana palmipes) in response to chemical cues from predatory Belostoma water bugs, and how phenotype affects risk...
Distribution and abundance of pelagic fish in Lake Powell, Utah, and Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada
G.A. Mueller, M.J. Horn
2004, Western North American Naturalist (64) 306-311
Pelagic fish communities (waters with depths >20 m) of Lakes Powell and Mead were examined quarterly from 1995 to 1998 using vertical gill nets and a scientific echosounder. Nets captured a total of 449 fish consisting of striped bass (57%/45% [Lake Powell/Lake Mead]), threadfin shad (24%/50%), common carp (15%/4%), walleye...
An exact solution for effects of topography on free Rayleigh waves
W. Z. Savage
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) 1706-1727
An exact solution for the effects of topography on Rayleigh wave amplification is presented. The solution is obtained by incorporating conformal mapping into complex-variable stress functions developed for free Rayleigh wave propagation in an elastic half-space with a flat upper surface. Results are presented for free Rayleigh wave propagation across...
Effects of an insecticide on amphibians in large-scale experimental ponds
M.D. Boone, R. D. Semlitsch, J.F. Fairchild, B.B. Rothermel
2004, Ecological Applications (14) 685-691
We examined the effects of the insecticide carbaryl on larval amphibian communities in large-scale experimental ponds. Tadpoles of two anurans, Woodhouse's toad (Bufo woodhousii) and southern leopard Frog (Rana sphenocephala), were reared in ponds (800 m3 volume) to determine the effects of tadpole density and carbaryl exposure on mass at...
Density and habitat associations of Barred Owls at the edge of their range in Oklahoma
Brian R. Winton, David M. Leslie Jr.
2004, Southeastern Naturalist (3) 475-482
We assessed breeding-pair density and habitat associations of Barred Owls (Strix varia) at the edge of their range in north-central Oklahoma in 1995-1996. We played taped calls of Barred Owls to solicit and record responses (visual and auditory) and thereby determine density in our 1155-ha study area. Numbers of owls...
A mechanical model of the San Andreas fault and SAFOD Pilot Hole stress measurements
J. Chery, Mark D. Zoback, S. Hickman
2004, Geophysical Research Letters (31)
Stress measurements made in the SAFOD pilot hole provide an opportunity to study the relation between crustal stress outside the fault zone and the stress state within it using an integrated mechanical model of a transform fault loaded in transpression. The results of this modeling indicate that only a fault...
Spawning ecology of finespotted Snake River cutthroat trout in spring streams of the Salt River valley, Wyoming
M. P. Joyce, W.A. Hubert
2004, Western North American Naturalist (64) 78-85
We studied spawning ecology of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in streams that originate as springs along the Salt River, a Snake River tributary in western Wyoming. We assessed (1) relative numbers of upstream-migrant and resident adults present during the spawning period in spring streams, (2) influence of habitat modification on...
Divergence among barking frogs (Eleutherodactylus augusti) in the southwestern United States
Caren S. Goldberg, Brian K. Sullivan, John H. Malone, Cecil R. Schwalbe
2004, Herpetologica (60) 312-320
Barking frogs (Eleutherodactylus augusti) are distributed from southern Mexico along the Sierra Madre Occidental into Arizona and the Sierra Madre Oriental into Texas and New Mexico. Barking frogs in Arizona and most of Texas live in rocky areas in oak woodland, while those in New Mexico and far...
Red spruce dynamics in an old southern Appalachian forest
R. T. Busing
2004, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (131) 337-342
By the late 1980s the composition and structure of forest stands in the southern Appalachian spruce-fir zone were altered by insect infestations to Fraser fir. The response of red spruce, the sole remaining coniferous forest dominant, to this disturbance was followed over twenty years (1983-2003) in an old spruce-fir forest...
The Rock Elm meteorite impact structure, Wisconsin: Geology and shock-metamorphic effects in quartz
B.M. French, W.S. Cordua, J. B. Plescia
2004, Geological Society of America Bulletin (116) 200-218
The Rock Elm structure in southwest Wisconsin is an anomalous circular area of highly deformed rocks, ∼6.5 km in diameter, located in a region of virtually horizontal undeformed sedimentary rocks. Shock-produced planar microstructures (PMs) have been identified in quartz grains in several lithologies associated with the structure: sandstones, quartzite pebbles,...
Gasoline-related organics in Lake Tahoe before and after prohibition of carbureted two-stroke engines
M.S. Lico
2004, Lake and Reservoir Management (20) 164-174
On June 1, 1999, carbureted two-stroke engines were banned on waters within the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada. The main gasoline components MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) were present at detectable concentrations in all samples taken from Lake Tahoe during 1997–98 prior to...
ArcCN-Runoff: An ArcGIS tool for generating curve number and runoff maps
X. Zhan, M.-L. Huang
2004, Environmental Modelling and Software (19) 875-879
The development and the application of ArcCN-Runoff tool, an extension of ESRI@ ArcGIS software, are reported. This tool can be applied to determine curve numbers and to calculate runoff or infiltration for a rainfall event in a watershed. Implementation of GIS techniques such as dissolving, intersecting, and a curve-number reference...
Efficacy of single calfhood vaccination of elk with Brucella abortus strain 19
T.J. Roffe, L.C. Jones, K. Coffin, M.L. Drew, Steven J. Sweeney, S.D. Hagius, P.H. Elzer, D. Davis
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 830-836
Brucellosis has been eradicated from cattle in the states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho, USA. However, free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) that use feedgrounds in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) and bison (Bison bison) in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks still have high seroprevalence to the disease and have caused...
Evidence for Late Holocene earthquakes on the Utsalady Point fault, Northern Puget Lowland, Washington
S. Y. Johnson, A.R. Nelson, S. F. Personius, R.E. Wells, H.M. Kelsey, B.L. Sherrod, K. Okumura, R. Koehler III, Robert C. Witter, L. A. Bradley, D.J. Harding
2004, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (94) 2299-2316
Trenches across the Utsalady Point fault in the northern Puget Lowland of Washington reveal evidence of at least one and probably two late Holocene earthquakes. The "Teeka" and "Duffers" trenches were located along a 1.4-km-long, 1-to 4-m-high, northwest-trending, southwest-facing, topographic scarp recognized from Airborne Laser Swath Mapping. Glaciomarine drift exposed...
The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms
R. Lanno, J. Wells, Jason M. Conder, K. Bradham, N. Basta
2004, Conference Paper, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
The bioavailability of chemicals to earthworms can be modified dramatically by soil physical/chemical characteristics, yet expressing exposure as total chemical concentrations does not address this problem. In order to understand the effects of modifying factors on bioavailability, one must measure and express chemical bioavailability to earthworms in a consistent, logical...
Accumulation of dietary DDE and dieldrin by largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides floridanus
Jennifer K. Muller, K. G. Johnson, M. S. Sepulveda, Christopher J. Borgert, T. S. Gross
2004, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (73) 1078-1085
[No abstract available]...
