Precise hypocenter locations of midcrustal low-frequency earthquakes beneath Mt. Fuji, Japan
H. Nakamichi, M. Ukawa, S. Sakai
2004, Earth, Planets and Space (56) e37-e40
Midcrustal low-frequency earthquakes (MLFs) have been observed at seismic stations around Mt. Fuji, Japan. In September - December 2000 and April - May 2001, abnormally high numbers of MLFs occurred. We located hypocenters for the 80 MLFs during 1998-2003 by using the hypoDD earthquake location program (Waldhauser and Ellsworth, 2000)....
Immunomodulation and disease resistance in postyearling rainbow trout infected with Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease
Christine L. Densmore, Christopher A. Ottinger, Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, D. R. Smith
2004, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (16) 73-82
Myxobolus cerebralis, the myxosporean parasite that causes whirling disease, has a number of deleterious effects on its salmonid host. Although it is well established that juvenile salmonids in the active stages of whirling disease mount an immune response to the pathogen, the occurrence and longevity of any related immunomodulatory effects...
Interseismic strain and rotation rates in the northeast Mojave domain, eastern California
J.C. Savage, J. L. Svarc, II W. Prescott
2004, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (109)
The northeast Mojave domain, a type locality for bookshelf faulting, is a region of east striking, left-lateral faults in the northeast corner of the Mojave block, a block otherwise dominated by ∼N40°W striking, right-lateral faults. Paleomagnetic evidence suggests that blocks within the domain have rotated clockwise about a vertical axis...
Effects of the fungicides mancozeb and chlorothalonil on fluxes of CO2, N2O, and CH4 in a fertilized Colorado grassland soil
C.A. Kinney, A.R. Mosier, I. Ferrer, E. T. Furlong, K.W. Mandernack
2004, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (109)
[1] Management of agricultural soil plays an important role in present and future atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). Pesticides are used as management tools in crop production, but little is known about their effects on soil‐atmosphere exchange...
Facilitating fish passage at ultra low head dams: An alternative to dam removal
M. Odeh
2004, Conference Paper, Bridging the Gap: Meeting the World's Water and Environmental Resources Challenges - Proceedings of the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001
Ecosystem sustainability and returning the biological integrity to rivers continue to change the landscape of fish passage technology. Installing a conventional fishways has a limited degree of success in accommodating fish passage needs. Recently, the option of total dam removal has been gaining momentum among resource managers, conservationists, and even...
Occurrence of Ergasilus megaceros Wilson, 1916, in the sea lamprey and other fishes from North America
Patrick M. Muzzall, Patrick L. Hudson
2004, Journal of Parasitology (90) 184-185
Ergasilus megaceros (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) was recovered from the nasal fossae (lamellae) of the olfactory sac in 1 (1.8%) of 56 sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus Linne, 1758, collected in May 2002 from the Cheboygan River, Michigan. Although the sea lamprey is a new host record for E. megaceros, this fish species may not be a...
Invertebrate egg banks of restored, natural, and drained wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of the United States
R.A. Gleason, N.H. Euliss Jr., D.E. Hubbard, W.G. Duffy
2004, Wetlands (24) 562-572
Analogous to ‘seed banks,’ ‘egg banks’ are important for seasonal succession and maintenance of invertebrate species diversity throughout wet and dry cycles in the prairie pothole region. Further, recruitment of invertebrates from relic egg banks in the sediments and dispersal of eggs into wetlands is believed to be important for...
Modeling the suppression of sea lamprey populations by the release of sterile males or sterile females
Waldemar Klassen, Jean V. Adams, Michael B. Twohey
2004, Journal of Great Lakes Research (30) 463-473
The suppressive effects of trapping adult sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, and releasing sterile males (SMRT) or females (SFRT) into a closed system were expressed in deterministic models. Suppression was modeled as a function of the proportion of the population removed by trapping, the number of sterile animals released, the...
Microbial precipitation of dolomite in methanogenic groundwater
Jennifer A. Roberts, Philip C. Bennett, Luis A. Gonzalez, G.L. Macpherson, Kitty L. Milliken
2004, Geology (32) 277-280
We report low-temperature microbial precipitation of dolomite in dilute natural waters from both field and laboratory experiments. In a freshwater aquifer, microorganisms colonize basalt and nucleate nonstoichiometric dolomite on cell walls. In the laboratory, ordered dolomite formed at near-equilibrium conditions from groundwater with molar Mg:Ca ratios of <1; dolomite was...
Implications of hydrologic variability on the succession of plants in Great Lakes wetlands
Douglas A. Wilcox
2004, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (7) 223-231
Primary succession of plant communities directed toward a climax is not a typical occurrence in wetlands because these ecological systems are inherently dependent on hydrology, and temporal hydrologic variability often causes reversals or setbacks in succession. Wetlands of the Great Lakes provide good examples for demonstrating the implications of hydrology...
Status of lake trout rehabilitation on Six Fathom Bank and Yankee Reef in Lake Huron
Charles P. Madenjian, Timothy J. Desorcie, Jerry R. McClain, Aaron P. Woldt, Jeffrey D. Holuszko, Charles A. Bowen II
2004, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (24) 1003-1016
Six Fathom Bank, an offshore reef in the central region of Lake Huron's main basin, was stocked annually with hatchery-reared lake trout Salvelinus namaycush during 1985–1998, and nearby Yankee Reef was stocked with hatchery-reared lake trout in 1992, 1997, and annually during 1999–2001. We conducted gill-net surveys during spring and fall to...
Rapid assessment indicator of wetland integrity as an unintended predictor of avian diversity
Martin A. Stapanian, Thomas A. Waite, Gregory Krzys, John J. Mack, Mick Micacchion
2004, Hydrobiologia (520) 119-126
Rapid assessment of aquatic ecosystems has been widely implemented, sometimes without thorough evaluation of the robustness of rapid assessment metrics as indicators of ecological integrity. Here, we evaluate whether the Ohio Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) for Wetlands Version 5.0 is a useful indicator of ecological integrity beyond its intended purpose....
Transport and time lag of chlorofluorocarbon gases in the unsaturated zone, Rabis Creek, Denmark
Peter Engesgaard, Anker L. Højberg, Klaus Hinsby, Karsten H. Jensen, Troels Laier, Flemming Larsen, Eurybiades Busenberg, Niel Plummer
2004, Vadose Zone Journal (3) 1249-1261
Transport of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases through the unsaturated zone to the water table is affected by gas diffusion, air–water exchange (solubility), sorption to the soil matrix, advective–dispersive transport in the water phase, and, in some cases, anaerobic degradation. In deep unsaturated zones, this may lead to a time lag between...
Evaluation of a chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) bioenergetics model
Charles P. Madenjian, Daniel V. O’Connor, Sergei M. Chernyak, Richard R. Rediske, James P. O'Keefe
2004, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (61) 627-635
We evaluated the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in both the laboratory and the field. Chinook salmon in laboratory tanks were fed alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), the predominant food of chinook salmon in Lake Michigan. Food consumption and growth by chinook salmon during the experiment were measured. To...
Overwinter survival of juvenile lake herring in relation to body size, physiological condition, energy stores, and food ration
Kevin L. Pangle, Trent M. Sutton, Ronald E. Kinnunen, Michael H. Hoff
2004, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (133) 1235-1246
Populations of lake herring Coregonus artedi in Lake Superior have exhibited high recruitment variability over the past three decades. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms which influence year-class strength, we conducted a 225-d laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of body size, physiological condition, energy stores, and food ration on the...
Genetic variability among lake whitefish from Isle Royale and the Upper Great Lakes
Wendylee Stott, Thomas N. Todd, Larry Kallemeyn
2004, Annales Zoologici Fennici (41) 51-59
The coregonine fishes from Isle Royale National Park represent a unique group that has escaped the successional changes observed elsewhere in North America. Analysis of microsatellite DNA loci revealed significant genetic differences among samples of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) from Isle Royale, Lake Superior, and Lake Huron. The amount of...
Organochlorine compounds in Lake Superior: Chiral polychlorinated biphenyls and biotransformation in the aquatic food web
Charles S. Wong, Scott A. Mabury, D. Michael Whittle, Sean M. Backus, Camilla Teixeira, David S. DeVault, Charles R. Bronte, Derek C.G. Muir
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 84-92
The enantiomeric composition of seven chiral PCB congeners was measured in the Lake Superior aquatic food web sampled in 1998, to determine the extent of enantioselective biotransformation in aquatic biota. All chiral PCB congeners studied (CBs 91, 95, 136, 149, 174, 176, and 183) biomagnified in the Lake Superior aquatic...
Effect of stock size, climate, predation, and trophic status on recruitment of alewives in Lake Ontario, 1978-2000
Robert O’Gorman, Brian F. Lantry, Clifford P. Schneider
2004, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (133) 855-867
The population of alewives Alosa pseudoharengus in Lake Ontario is of great concern to fishery managers because alewives are the principal prey of introduced salmonines and because alewives negatively influence many endemic fishes. We used spring bottom trawl catches of alewives to investigate the roles of stock size, climate, predation, and lake...
Great Lakes clams find refuge from zebra mussels in restored, lake-connected marsh (Ohio)
S. Jerrine Nichols, Douglas A. Wilcox
2004, Ecological Restoration (22) 51-52
Since the early 1990s, more than 95 percent of the freshwater clams once found in Lake Erie have died due to the exotic zebara mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Zebra mussels attach themselves to native clams in large numbers, impeding the ability of the clams to eat and burrow. However, in...
Habitat selection by two species of burrowing mayfly nymphs in the Les Cheneaux Islands region of northern Lake Huron
Marc A. Blouin, Patrick Hudson, Margret Chriscinske
2004, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (19) 507-514
This study focused primarily on the habitat preferences of Hexagenia limbata andEphemera simulans, two species prevalent in northern Lake Huron, to gain a better understanding of the key components that determined their distribution and abundance. Both species preferred habitats based upon depth and sediment type. In addition, the burrowing activity of H. limbata was...
Status of the shortjaw cisco (Coregonus zenithicus) in Lake Superior
Michael H. Hoff, Thomas N. Todd
2004, Annales Zoologici Fennici (41) 147-154
The shortjaw cisco (Coregonus zenithicus) was historically found in Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior, but has been extirpated in Lakes Huron and Michigan apparently as the result of commercial overharvest. During 1999-2001, we conducted an assessment of shortjaw cisco abundance in five areas, spanning the U.S. waters of Lake Superior,...
A Holocene history of dune-mediated landscape change along the southeastern shore of Lake Superior
Walter L. Loope, Timothy G. Fisher, Harry M. Jol, John B. Anderton, William L. Blewett
2004, Geomorphology (61) 303-322
Causal links that connect Holocene high stands of Lake Superior with dune building, stream damming and diversion and reservoir impoundment and infilling are inferred from a multidisciplinary investigation of a small watershed along the SE shore of Lake Superior. Radiocarbon ages of wood fragments from in-place stumps and soil O...
Uranium mill tailings: Nuclear waste and natural laboratory for geochemical and radioecological investigations
Edward R. Landa
2004, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (77) 1-27
Uranium mill tailings (UMT) are a high volume, low specific activity radioactive waste typically disposed in surface impoundments. This review focuses on research on UMT and related earth materials during the past decade relevant to the assessment of: (1) mineral hosts of radionuclides; (2) the use of soil analogs in...
Hydraulic and geochemical framework of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory vadose zone
John R. Nimmo, Joseph P. Rousseau, Kim S. Perkins, Kenneth G. Stollenwerk, Pierre D. Glynn, Roy C. Bartholomay, LeRoy L. Knobel
2004, Vadose Zone Journal (3) 6-34
Questions of major importance for subsurface contaminant transport at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) include (i) travel times to the aquifer, both average or typical values and the range of values to be expected, and (ii) modes of contaminant transport, especially sorption processes. The hydraulic and geochemical...
Comparison of 13 equations for determining evapotranspiration from a prairie wetland, Cottonwood Lake Area, North Dakota, USA
Donald O. Rosenberry, David L. Stannard, Thomas C. Winter, Margo L. Martinez
2004, Wetlands (24) 483-497
Evapotranspiration determined using the energy-budget method at a semi-permanent prairie-pothole wetland in east-central North Dakota, USA was compared with 12 other commonly used methods. The Priestley-Taylor and deBruin-Keijman methods compared best with the energy-budget values; mean differences were less than 0.1 mm d−1, and standard deviations were less than 0.3...
