Kinematic and dynamic rupture models of the November 3, 2002 Mw7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake
Douglas S. Dreger, D. D. Oglesby, R. Harris, N. Ratchkovski, R. Hansen
2004, Geophysical Research Letters (31)
Regional seismic waveforms, continuous and campaign-mode GPS data, and surface slip measurements were used to obtain a kinematic model of the rupture process of the November 3, 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake. The event initiated as a Mw 7.0 reverse slip event on the north-dipping Susitna Glacier fault with...
Dispersal scaling from the world's rivers
J.A. Warrick, D.A. Fong
2004, Geophysical Research Letters (31)
Although rivers provide important biogeochemical inputs to oceans, there are currently no descriptive or predictive relationships of the spatial scales of these river influences. Our combined satellite, laboratory, field and modeling results show that the coastal dispersal areas of small, mountainous rivers exhibit remarkable self-similar scaling relationships over many orders...
Use of naturally occurring mercury to determine the importance of cutthroat trout to Yellowstone grizzly bears
L.A. Felicetti, C.C. Schwartz, R. O. Rye, K.A. Gunther, J.G. Crock, M.A. Haroldson, L. Waits, C.T. Robbins
2004, Canadian Journal of Zoology (82) 493-501
Spawning cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki (Richardson, 1836)) are a potentially important food resource for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis Ord, 1815) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We developed a method to estimate the amount of cutthroat trout ingested by grizzly bears living in the Yellowstone Lake area. The method utilized (i) the...
Movement and population size of American shad near a low-head lock and dam
M.M. Bailey, J. Jeffery Isely, W.C. Bridges Jr.
2004, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (133) 300-308
We investigated the population size and the proportion of the population of American shad Alosa sapidissima that passed through the New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam, a low-head lock and dam on the Savannah River in South Carolina and Georgia. We fitted 110 American shad with radio transmitters in 2001...
Persistence of identifiable remains of white sturgeon juveniles in digestive tracts of northern pikeminnow
D.M. Gadomski, C.N. Frost
2004, California Fish and Game (90) 85-90
Juvenile white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, have not been commonly identified as prey items in digestive tracts of fishes collected in the wild. In particular, the diet of northern pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus oregonensis, an abundant Pacific Northwest freshwater predator which has been widely studied, has not included juvenile white sturgeon. To aid...
Strontium isotope geochemistry of groundwater in the central part of the Dakota (Great Plains) aquifer, USA
D.C. Gosselin, F.E. Harvey, C. Frost, R. Stotler, P. A. Macfarlane
2004, Applied Geochemistry (19) 359-377
The Dakota aquifer of the central and eastern Great Plains of the United States is an important source of water for municipal supplies, irrigation and industrial use. Although the regional flow system can be characterized generally as east to northeasterly from the Rocky Mountains towards the Missouri River, locally the...
Bi-parentally inherited species-specific markers identify hybridization between rainbow trout and cutthroat trout subspecies
C.O. Ostberg, R. J. Rodriguez
2004, Molecular Ecology Notes (4) 26-29
Eight polymerase chain reaction primer sets amplifying bi-parentally inherited species-specific markers were developed that differentiate between rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and various cutthroat trout (O. clarki) subspecies. The primers were tested within known F1 and first generation hybrid backcrosses and were shown to amplify codominantly within hybrids. Heterozygous individuals also...
Evaluation of flushing of a high-selenium backwater channel in the Colorado River
S. J. Hamilton, K.M. Holley, K.J. Buhl, F.A. Bullard, L.K. Weston, S.F. McDonald
2004, Environmental Toxicology (19) 51-81
Concern has been raised that selenium contamination may be adversely affecting endangered fish in the upper Colorado River basin. The objective of the study was to determine if operation of a water control structure (opened in December 1996) that allowed the Colorado River to flow through a channel area at...
The role of red alder in riparian forest structure along headwater streams in southeastern Alaska
E.H. Orlikowska, R.L. Deal, P.E. Hennon, M.S. Wipfli
2004, Northwest Science (78) 111-123
We assessed the influence of red alder on tree species composition, stand density, tree size distribution, tree mortality, and potential for producing large conifers, in 38-42 yr old riparian forests along 13 headwater streams in the Maybeso and Harris watersheds on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska. Red alder ranged from...
Less waste corn, more land in soybeans, and the switch to genetically modified crops: Trends with important implications for wildlife management
Gary L. Krapu, D.A. Brandt, R. R. Cox Jr.
2004, Wildlife Society Bulletin (32) 127-136
American agriculture has provided abundant high-energy foods for migratory and resident wildlife populations since the onset of modern wildlife management. Responding to anecdotal evidence that corn residues are declining in cropland, we remeasured waste corn post-harvest in the Central Platte River Valley (CPRV) of Nebraska during 1997 and 1998 to...
Modelling effects of discharge on habitat quality and dispersal of juvenile humpback chub (Gila cypha) in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon
J. Korman, S.M. Wiele, M. Torizzo
2004, River Research and Applications (20) 379-400
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to seven study reaches in the Colorado River within Grand Canyon to examine how operation of Glen Canyon Dam has affected availability of suitable shoreline habitat and dispersal of juvenile humpback chub (Gila cypha). Suitable shoreline habitat typically declined with increasing discharges above 226-425...
Assessing biodiversity in Nuevo Leon, Mexico: Are nature reserves the answer?
Cesar Cantu, R. Gerald Wright, J. Michael Scott, Eva Strand
2004, Natural Areas Journal (24) 150-153
The Mexican state of Nuevo Leon, located in the northeastern portion of the country, currently has 26 state and three federal nature reserves covering approximately 4.5% of its land area. These reserves were established for a variety of reasons not necessarily related to conservation purposes. In 2000 in response to...
Mercury content of Illinois soils
G.B. Dreher, L.R. Follmer
2004, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (156) 299-315
For a survey of Illinois soils, 101 cores had been collected and analyzed to determine the current and background elemental compositions of Illinois soils. Mercury and other elements were determined in six samples per core, including a surface sample from each core. The mean mercury content in the surface samples...
The Journey from Safe Yield to Sustainability
W.M. Alley, S. A. Leake
2004, Ground Water (42) 12-16
Safe-yield concepts historically focused attention on the economic and legal aspects of ground water development. Sustainability concerns have brought environmental aspects more to the forefront and have resulted in a more integrated outlook. Water resources sustainability is not a purely scientific concept, but rather a perspective that can frame scientific...
Spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow deposition in the Oregon Coast Range, USA
Christine L. May, Robert E. Gresswell
2004, Journal of Geomorphology (57) 135-149
Patterns of debris-flow occurrence were investigated in 125 headwater basins in the Oregon Coast Range. Time since the previous debris-flows was established using dendrochronology, and recurrence interval estimates ranged from 98 to 357 years. Tributary basins with larger drainage areas had a greater abundance of potential landslide source areas and...
Biotransformation of tributyltin to tin in freshwater river-bed sediments contaminated by an organotin release
J. E. Landmeyer, T.L. Tanner, B.E. Watt
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 4106-4112
The largest documented release of organotin compounds to a freshwater river system in the United States occurred in early 2000 in central South Carolina. The release consisted of an unknown volume of various organotin compounds such tetrabutyltin (TTBT), tributyltin (TBT), tetraoctyltin (TTOT), and trioctyl tin (TOT) and resulted in a...
Occurrence, size, and tag retention of sneaker male hatchery rainbow trout
J. Jeffery Isely, T.B. Grabowski
2004, North American Journal of Aquaculture (66) 234-236
One alternative reproductive tactic involving early-maturing, cryptic males is referred to as "sneaking." Although sneakers tend to be easily detectable upon close inspection, little is known about the proportion of a fish population consisting of sneakers. We examined 15,400 age-1 rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a hatchery. Total length (mm),...
Overview and comparison of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) for assessing organic chemical exposure
J.N. Huckins, H.F. Prest, J. D. Petty, J.A. Lebo, M.M. Hodgins, R.C. Clark, D.A. Alvarez, W.R. Gala, A. Steen, R. Gale, C.G. Ingersoll
2004, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (23) 1617-1628
We performed 20-d, flow-through exposures of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to three concentrations (nominally 10, 100, and 250 ng/L) of a diverse mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Exposure water was seawater free of particulates larger than 0.1 μm. The results of these controlled...
Fire regimes and vegetation responses in two Mediterranean-climate regions
Gloria Montenegro, Rosanna Ginocchio, Alejandro Segura, Jon E. Keeley, Miguel Gomez
2004, Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (77) 455-464
Brain cholinesterase activities were determined in birds from forests sprayed with Dylox2 at 1.13 kg/hectare (1 lb/acre ? active ingredient [a.i.]) or Sevin-4-oil2 at 1.13 kg/hectare (1 lb/acre ? a.i.) for up to 5 days postspray. Of ten bird species evaluated from the Dylox spray area, four species represented by...
Comparison of AVIRIS and Landsat ETM+ detection capabilities for burn severity
Jan W. Van Wagtendonk, Ralph R. Root, Carl H. Key
2004, Remote Sensing of Environment (92) 397-408
Our study compares data on burn severity collected from multi-temporal Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) with similar data from the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) using the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR). Two AVIRIS and ETM+ data acquisitions recorded surface conditions immediately before the Hoover Fire began to...
Earthquake scenario and probabilistic ground-shaking hazard maps for the Albuquerque-Belen-Santa Fe, New Mexico, corridor
I. Wong, S. Olig, M. Dober, W. Silva, D. Wright, P. Thomas, N. Gregor, A. Sanford, K.-W. Lin, D. Love
2004, New Mexico Geology (26) 3-33
New Mexico's population is concentrated along the corridor that extends from Belen in the south to Española in the north and includes Albuquerque and Santa Fe. The Rio Grande rift, which encompasses the corridor, is a major tectonically, volcanically, and seismically active continental rift in the western U.S. Although only...
Mycobacterium-Inducible Nramp in Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)
E.J. Burge, David T. Gauthier, C. A. Ottinger, P.A. Van Veld
2004, Infection and Immunity (72) 1626-1636
In mammals, the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene, Nramp1, plays a major role in resistance to mycobacterial infections. Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is currently experiencing an epizootic of mycobacteriosis that threatens the health of this ecologically and economically important species. In the present study, we characterized an...
Maps showing the stratigraphic framework of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River to Winyah Bay
Wayne E. Baldwin, Robert A. Morton, Jane F. Denny, Shawn V. Dadisman, William C. Schwab, Paul T. Gayes, Neal W. Driscoll
2004, Open-File Report 2004-1013
The final Galileo SSI observations of Io: Orbits G28-I33
Elizabeth P. Turtle, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Alfred S. McEwen, Jani Radebaugh, Moses P. Milazzo, Damon P. Simonelli, Paul E. Geissler, David A. Williams, Jason Perry, Windy L. Jaeger, Kenneth P. Klaasen, H. Herbert Breneman, Tilmann Denk, Cynthia B. Phillips
2004, Icarus (169) 3-28
We present the observations of Io acquired by the Solid State Imaging (SSI) experiment during the Galileo Millennium Mission (GMM) and the strategy we used to plan the exploration of Io. Despite Galileo's tight restrictions on data volume and downlink capability and several spacecraft...
Survival estimates for Florida manatees from the photo-identification of individuals
C.A. Langtimm, C.A. Beck, H.H. Edwards, K. J. Fick-Child, B.B. Ackerman, S.L. Barton, W.C. Hartley
2004, Marine Mammal Science (20) 438-463
We estimated adult survival probabilities for the endangered Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in four regional populations using photo-identification data and open-population capture-recapture statistical models. The mean annual adult survival probability over the most recent 10-yr period of available estimates was as follows: Northwest - 0.956 (SE 0.007), Upper St....
