A comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)
K.A. Schoenecker, R.O. Lyda, J. Kirkpatrick
2004, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (40) 273-281
We compared three fecal steroid metabolite assays for their usefulness in detecting pregnancy among free-ranging Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) from Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Wyoming and Montana (USA) and captive bighorn ewes at ZooMontana in Billings, Montana. Fecal samples were collected from 11 free-ranging, radio-collared bighorn...
Characterizing thermogenic coalbed gas from Polish coals of different ranks by hydrous pyrolysis
M.J. Kotarba, M. D. Lewan
2004, Organic Geochemistry (35) 615-646
To provide a better characterization of origin and volume of thermogenic gas generation from coals, hydrous pyrolysis experiments were conducted at 360??C for 72 h on Polish coals ranging in rank from lignite (0.3% R r) to semi-anthracite (2.0% Rr). Under these conditions, the lignites attained a medium-volatile bituminous rank...
Site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii)
James A. Sedgwick
2004, The Auk (121) 1103-1121
I investigated the causes and consequences of adult breeding-site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii) in southeastern Oregon over a 10-year period, testing the general hypothesis that fidelity and dispersal distances are influenced by previous breeding performance. Willow Flycatchers adhered to the generally observed tendencies...
Cumulative effects of nutrients and pH on the plankton of two mountain lakes
Brenda Moraska Lafrancois, Koren R. Nydick, Brett M. Johnson, Jill Baron
2004, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (61) 1153-1165
We conducted enclosure experiments to examine the cumulative effects of nutrient enrichment and acidification on the plankton of two mountain lakes with differing nutrient conditions. The low-nitrate lake responded to N, N plus acid, and N plus acid plus P additions, showing four- to seven-fold increases in chlorophyll a, increased...
Purification of triolein for use in semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs)
J.A. Lebo, F.V. Almeida, W.L. Cranor, J. D. Petty, J.N. Huckins, A. Rastall, D.A. Alvarez, B.B. Mogensen, B. Thomas Johnson
2004, Chemosphere (54) 1217-1224
Analyses of triolein-containing semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) have sometimes been impeded by interferences caused by impurities endemic to triolein that codialyze with the analytes. Oleic acid and methyl oleate have been the most troublesome of these impurities because of their relatively high concentrations in triolein and because significant residues of...
Temporal and spatial patterns in emergence and early survival of perennial plants in the Sonoran Desert
Janice E. Bowers, R. M. Turner, T.L. Burgess
2004, Plant Ecology (172) 107-119
Seedling emergence and survival of 15 perennial species were studied for six years in a 557-m2 permanent plot at Tumamoc Hill, Arizona, USA, an ungrazed site in the northern Sonoran Desert. The minimum rain required for germination and emergence ranged from 17.5 to 35.6 mm. Few species emerged in every...
Relations among habitat characteristics, exotic species, and turbid-river cyprinids in the Missouri River drainage of Wyoming
M.C. Quist, W.A. Hubert, F.J. Rahel
2004, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (133) 727-742
We used data from 91 stream reaches in the Missouri River drainage of Wyoming to determine whether abiotic and biotic factors were related to the abundance of four cyprinid species associated with turbid-river environments: flathead chub Platygobio gracilis, sturgeon chub Macrhybopsis gelida, plains minnow Hybognathus placitus, and western silvery minnow...
Factors influencing occupancy of nest cavities in recently burned forests
V.A. Saab, J. Dudley, W.L. Thompson
2004, Conference Paper, Condor
Recently burned forests in western North America provide nesting habitat for many species of cavity-nesting birds. However, little is understood about the time frame and the variables affecting occupancy of postfire habitats by these birds. We studied factors influencing the occupancy and reuse of nest cavities from 1-7 years after...
The relationship between gorgonian coral (Cnidaria: Gorgonacea) diseases and African dust storms
J. R. Weir-Brush, V.H. Garrison, G.W. Smith, E.A. Shinn
2004, Aerobiologia (20) 119-126
The number of reports of coral diseases has increased throughout the world in the last 20 years. Aspergillosis, which primarily affects Gorgonia ventalina and G. flabellum, is one of the few diseases to be characterized. This disease is caused by Aspergillus sydowii, a terrestrial fungus with a worldwide distribution. Upon...
Isotopic evidence bearing on Late Triassic extinction events, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, and implications for the duration and cause of the Triassic/Jurassic mass extinction
P.D. Ward, G.H. Garrison, J.W. Haggart, D.A. Kring, M.J. Beattie
2004, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (224) 589-600
Stable isotope analyses of Late Triassic to earliest Jurassic strata from Kennecott Point in the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada shows the presence of two distinct and different organic carbon isotope anomalies at the Norian/Rhaetian and Rhaetian/Hettangian (=Triassic/Jurassic) stage boundaries. At the older of these boundaries, which is marked...
Marine-target craters on Mars? An assessment study
J. Ormo, J. M. Dohm, J.C. Ferris, A. Lepinette, A.G. Fairen
2004, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (39) 333-346
Observations of impact craters on Earth show that a water column at the target strongly influences lithology and morphology of the resultant crater. The degree of influence varies with the target water depth and impactor diameter. Morphological features detectable in satellite imagery include a concentric shape with an inner crater...
When should Mayfield model data be discarded?
T.R. Stanley
2004, The Wilson Bulletin (116) 267-269
Much confusion exists over the proper way to handle nest-fate data collected after the fledge date when using the Mayfield method. I provide a simple numerical example showing how use of these data can bias estimates of daily survival probability, and present a likelihood function demonstrating that nest-fate data collected...
Salamanders and introduced fish in mountain lakes of two Pacific Northwest parks
G. Larson, R. Hoffman
2004, Conference Paper, Park Science
[No abstract available]...
Seasonal movement and home range of the Mariana Common Moorhen
L.L. Takano, S. M. Haig
2004, Condor (106) 652-663
Adult Mariana Common Moorhens (Gallinula chloropus guami) were radio-marked on Guam (n = 25) and Saipan (n = 18) to determine home range, inter- and intraseasonal space use, and movement patterns among the Mariana Islands of Guam, Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. Birds were tracked throughout the dry and wet seasons...
Temporal and geographic variation in survival of juvenile black brant
David H. Ward, Joel A. Schmutz, James S. Sedinger, Karen S. Bollinger, P. D. Martin, B.A. Anderson
2004, Condor (106) 263-274
First-year survival has important implications for the structure and growth of populations. We examined variation in seasonal survival of first-year Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) marked late in summer in Alaska at two brood-rearing areas on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Tutakoke and Kokechik) and one area on the Arctic Coastal...
Comparison of three underwater antennas for use in radiotelemetry
J.W. Beeman, C. Grant, P.V. Haner
2004, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (24) 275-281
The radiation patterns of three versions of underwater radiotelemetry antennas were measured to compare the relative reception ranges in the horizontal and vertical planes, which are important considerations when designing detection systems. The received signal strengths of an antenna made by stripping shielding from a section of coaxial cable (stripped...
Reconstruction of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation extinct ecosystem - A synthesis
C.E. Turner, F. Peterson
2004, Sedimentary Geology (167) 309-355
A synthesis of recent and previous studies of the Morrison Formation and related beds, in the context of a conceptual climatic/hydrologic framework, permits reconstruction of the Late Jurassic dinosaurian ecosystem throughout the Western Interior of the United States and Canada. Climate models and geologic evidence indicate that a dry climate...
Development of an AMS method to study oceanic circulation characteristics using cosmogenic 39Ar
P.H. Collon, M. Bichler, J. Caggiano, L.D. Cecil, Masri Y. El, R. Golser, C.L. Jiang, A. Heinz, D. Henderson, W. Kutschera, B.E. Lehmann, P. Leleux, H.H. Loosli, R.C. Pardo, M. Paul, K.E. Rehm, P. Schlosser, R.H. Scott, W.M. Smethie Jr., R. Vondrasek
2004, Conference Paper, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Initial experiments at the ATLAS facility [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 92 (1994) 241] resulted in a clear detection of cosmogenic 39Ar signal at the natural level. The present paper summarizes the recent developments of 39Ar AMS measurements at ATLAS: the use of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) positive ion...
A hierarchical spatial model of avian abundance with application to Cerulean Warblers
Wayne E. Thogmartin, John R. Sauer, Melinda G. Knutson
2004, Ecological Applications (14) 1766-1779
Surveys collecting count data are the primary means by which abundance is indexed for birds. These counts are confounded, however, by nuisance effects including observer effects and spatial correlation between counts. Current methods poorly accommodate both observer and spatial effects because modeling these spatially autocorrelated counts within a hierarchical framework...
Movement, home range, and site fidelity of bluegills in a Great Plains Lake
C.P. Paukert, D.W. Willis, M.A. Bouchard
2004, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (24) 154-161
Little is known about the distribution, movement, and home ranges of bluegills Lepomis macrochirus in lentic environments. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the seasonal and diel differences in movement rates, site fidelity, and home range of bluegills in a shallow, natural Great Plains lake. A total...
The effects of storms and storm-generated currents on sand beaches in Southern Maine, USA
H.W. Hill, J. T. Kelley, D. F. Belknap, S.M. Dickson
2004, Marine Geology (210) 149-168
Storms are one of the most important controls on the cycle of erosion and accretion on beaches. Current meters placed in shoreface locations of Saco Bay and Wells Embayment, ME, recorded bottom currents during the winter months of 2000 and 2001, while teams of volunteers profiled the topography of nearby...
Comparing population size estimators for plethodontid salamanders
L.L. Bailey, T.R. Simons, K. H. Pollock
2004, Journal of Herpetology (38) 370-380
Despite concern over amphibian declines, few studies estimate absolute abundances because of logistic and economic constraints and previously poor estimator performance. Two estimation approaches recommended for amphibian studies are mark-recapture and depletion (or removal) sampling. We compared abundance estimation via various mark-recapture and depletion methods, using data from a three-year...
Stress orientations and magnitudes in the SAFOD pilot hole
S. Hickman, M. Zoback
2004, Geophysical Research Letters (31)
Borehole breakouts and drilling-induced tensile fractures in the 2.2-km-deep SAFOD pilot hole at Parkfield, CA, indicate significant local variations in the direction of the maximum horizontal compressive stress, SHmax, but show a generalized increase in the angle between SHmax and the San Andreas Fault with depth. This angle ranges from...
Nitrogen regulation of algal biomass, productivity, and composition in shallow mountain lakes, Snowy Range, Wyoming, USA
Koren R. Nydick, Brenda Moraska Lafrancois, Jill Baron, Brett M. Johnson
2004, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (61) 1256-1268
We investigated the effects of increased nitrate (NO3), alone and in combination with phosphorus (P), on phytoplankton, epilithon, and epipelon in shallow lakes of the Snowy Range, Wyoming, using two enclosure experiments during early and late summer. Phytoplankton responded strongly to N and N + P, but not to P,...
Rabies in a captive colony of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)
V. Shankar, R. A. Bowen, A. D. Davis, C. E. Rupprecht, T. J. O'Shea
2004, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (40) 403-413
Our research has focused on the ecology of commensal populations of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in Fort Collins, Colorado (USA), in relation to rabies virus (RV) transmission. We captured 35 big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in late summer 2001 and held them captive for 4.8 mo. The bats were...
