Kinematic rupture and 3D wave propagation simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake
Evan Tyler Hirakawa, Andrew J. Barbour
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 1644-1659
We model the kinematic rupture process of the 2019 Mw">MwMw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake using numerical simulations to reproduce the elastodynamic wave field observed by inertial seismometers, high‐rate Global Navigation Satellite System stations,...
Keeping it classy: Classification of live fish and ghost PIT tags detected with a mobile PIT tag interrogation system using an innovative analytical approach
J. Benjamin Stout, Mary Conner, Phaedra E. Budy, Peter Mackinnon, Mark McKinstry
2020, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (7) 1564-1573
The ability of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag data to improve demographic parameter estimates has led to the rapid advancement of PIT tag systems. However, ghost tags create uncertainty about detected tag status (i.e., live fish or ghost tag) when using mobile interrogation systems. We developed a method to differentiate...
Updating data inputs, assessing trends, and evaluating a method to estimate probable high groundwater levels in selected areas of Massachusetts
Janet R. Barclay, John R. Mullaney
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5036
A method to estimate the probable high groundwater level in Massachusetts, excluding Cape Cod and the islands, was developed in 1981. The method uses a groundwater measurement from a test site, groundwater measurements from an index well, and a distribution of high groundwater levels from wells in similar geologic and...
Snow processes in mountain forests: Interception modeling for coarse-scale applications
N. Helbig, C. David Moeser, M. Teich, L. Vincent, Y. Lejeune, J.-E. Sicart, J.-M. Monnet
2020, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (24) 2545-2560
Snow interception by the forest canopy controls the spatial heterogeneity of subcanopy snow accumulation leading to significant differences between forested and nonforested areas at a variety of scales. Snow intercepted by the forest canopy can also drastically change the surface albedo. As such, accurately modeling snow interception is of importance...
Baseline conditions and projected future hydro-climatic change in National Parks in the conterminous United States
William A. Battaglin, Lauren Hay, David J. Lawrence, Gregory J. McCabe, Parker A. Norton
2020, Water (6)
The National Park Service (NPS) manages hundreds of parks in the United States, and many contain important aquatic ecosystems and/or threatened and endangered aquatic species vulnerable to hydro-climatic change. Effective management of park resources under future hydro-climatic uncertainty requires information on both baseline conditions and the range of projected future...
Conceptualizing alternate regimes in a large floodplain-river ecosystem
Kristen L. Bouska, Jeffrey N. Houser, Nathan R. De Jager, Deanne C. Drake, Scott F. Collins, Caniel K. Gibson-Reniemer, Meredith A. Thomsen
2020, Journal of Environmental Management (264)
Regime shifts –persistent changes in the structure and function of an ecosystem - are well-documented in many ecosystems but remain poorly understood in floodplain-river ecosystems. We apply a resilience perspective to large floodplain-river ecosystems by presenting three examples of plausible sets of alternate regimes that are relevant to natural resource...
Using a bayesian multistate occupancy model to assess seabird and shorebird status in Glacier Bay, Alaska
Steven L. Whitlock, Tania Lewis, James T. Peterson
2020, Wildlife Society Bulletin (44) 451-467
The U.S. Department of Interior National Park Service is charged with both monitoring avian communities and evaluating the influence of visitors to National Parks on sensitive species; however, this task is challenging considering that sampling programs often involve multiple species, each with differing behavior, habitat requirements,...
Mysterious tsunami in the Caribbean Sea following the 2010 Haiti earthquake possibly generated by dynamically triggered early aftershocks
Uri S. ten Brink, Yong Wei, Wenyuan Fan, Jose-Luis Granja-Bruna, Nathaniel C. Miller
2020, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (540)
Dynamically triggered offshore aftershocks, caused by passing seismic waves from main shocks located on land, are currently not considered in tsunami warnings. The M7.0 2010 Haiti earthquake epicenter was located on land 27 km north of the Caribbean Sea and its focal...
Moving beyond p<0.05 in ecotoxicology: A guide for practitioners
Richard A. Erickson, Barnett A. Rattner
2020, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (39) 1657-1669
Statistical inferences play a critical role in ecotoxicology. Historically, Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) has been the dominant method for inference in ecotoxicology. As a brief and informal definition of the NHST approach, researchers compare (or test) an experimental treatment or observation against a hypothesis of no relationship or effect...
Reassessing particulate organic carbon dynamics in the highly disturbed San Francisco Bay Estuary
Peter J. Hernes, Rachael Y. Dyda, Brian A. Bergamaschi
2020, Frontiers Earth Science - Biogeoscience (8)
Environmental research has been shifting toward a new normal in which a primary focus is to capture change that may be accelerating. In this study, we collected particulate samples in the northern San Francisco Bay Estuary (SFBE) in the fall of 2011 through the spring of 2012...
Investigating the effects of land use and land cover on the relationship between moisture and reflectance using Landsat Time Series
Heather J. Tollerud, Jesslyn F. Brown, Thomas Loveland
2020, Remote Sensing (12)
To better understand the Earth system, it is important to investigate the interactions between precipitation, land use/land cover (LULC), and the land surface, especially vegetation. An improved understanding of these land-atmosphere interactions can aid understanding of the climate system and modeling of time series satellite data. Here, we investigate the...
Effects of barrier island salt marsh restoration on marsh bird occurrence in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Paige A. Byerly, J. Hardin Waddle, Alexis R. Premeaux, Paul L. Leberg
2020, Restoration Ecology (28) 1610-1620
In the Northern Gulf of Mexico, salt marshes are threatened by sea level rise, erosion, and loss of protective barrier islands. These barrier islands provide critical habitat for wildlife, including globally significant populations of marsh and shorebirds. We investigated salt marsh restoration on two Louisiana barrier islands using presence of...
Annual adult survival drives trends in Arctic-breeding shorebirds but knowledge gaps in other vital rates remain
Emily L. Weiser, Richard B. Lanctot, Stephen C. Brown, H. River Gates, Joël Bêty, Megan L. Boldenow, Rodney W. Brook, Glen S. Brown, Willow B. English, Scott A. Flemming, Samantha E. Franks, H. Grant Gilchrist, Marie-Andree Giroux, Andrew C. Johnson, Steve Kendall, Lisa V. Kennedy, Laura Koloski, Eunbi Kwon, Jean-François Lamarre, David B. Lank, Christopher J. Latty, Nicolas Lecomte, Joseph R. Liebezeit, Rebecca L McGuire, Laura McKinnon, Erica Nol, David C. Payer, Johanna Perz, Jennie Rausch, Martin D. Robards, Sarah T. Saalfeld, Nathan R. Senner, Paul A. Smith, Mikhail Soloviev, Diana V Solovyeva, David H. Ward, Paul F. Wood, Brett K. Sandercock
2020, The Condor (1222)
Conservation status and management priorities are often informed by population trends. Trend estimates can be derived from population surveys or models, but both methods are associated with sources of uncertainty. Many Arctic-breeding shorebirds are thought to be declining based on migration and/or overwintering population surveys, but data are lacking to...
Model-based clustering reveals patterns in central place use of a marine top predator
Brian M. Brost, Mevin Hooten, Robert J. Small
2020, Ecosphere
Satellite telemetry data are commonly used to quantify habitat selection, examine animal movements, and delineate home ranges. These data also contain valuable information concerning dens, nests, roosts, and other central places that are often associated with important life history events and may exhibit unique characteristics; however, using satellite telemetry data...
Statewide assessment of karst aquifers in New York with an inventory of closed-depression and focused-recharge features
William M. Kappel, James E. Reddy, Jonathan Casey Root
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5030
Karst is a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rock or rock containing minerals that are easily dissolved from within the rock. The landscape is characterized by sinkholes, caves, losing streams, springs, and underground drainage systems, which rapidly move water through the karst. The two forms of karst in...
Measuring channel planform change from image time series: A generalizable, spatially distributed, probabilistic method for quantifying uncertainty
Christina Leonard, Carl J. Legleiter, Devin M. Lea, John C. Schmidt
2020, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (45) 2727-2744
Channels change in response to natural or anthropogenic fluctuations in streamflow and/or sediment supply and measurements of channel change are critical to many river management applications. Whereas repeated field surveys are costly and time‐consuming, remote sensing can be used to detect channel change at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Repeat...
Influence of hydropower outflow characteristics affecting riverbank stability: The lower Osage River case (Missouri, USA)
Wesam Mohammed-Ali, Cesar Mendoza, Robert R. Holmes Jr.
2020, Hydrological Sciences Journal (65) 1784-1793
This research examined the influences of outflow characteristics affecting riverbank stability. The 130 km stretch of the lower Osage River downstream from Bagnell Dam (Missouri, USA) provided an excellent case study for this purpose. The integrated BSTEM model with the HEC-RAS model was accurately calibrated and validated with data from...
Assessment of fire fuel load dynamics in shrubland ecosystems in the western United States using MODIS products
Zhen Li, Hua Shi, James Vogelmann, Todd Hawbaker, Birgit Peterson
2020, Remote Sensing (12)
Assessing fire behavior in shrubland/grassland ecosystems of the western United States has proven especially problematic, in part due to the complex nature of the vegetation and its relationships with prior fire history events. Our goals in this study were (1) to determine if we can effectively leverage...
Selected geologic maps of the Kodiak batholith and other Paleocene intrusive rocks, Kodiak Island, Alaska
David W. Farris, Peter J. Haeussler
2020, Scientific Investigations Map 3441
Kodiak Island in southern Alaska is one of the premier examples globally for the study of forearc magmatism. This location contains two Paleocene intrusive belts that formed due to the subduction of a migrating spreading ridge and slab-window: the Kodiak batholith and the trenchward magmatic belt. These magmatic rocks are...
Improved understanding and prediction of freshwater fish communities through the use of joint species distribution models
Tyler Wagner, Gretchen J.A. Hansen, Erin Schliep, Bethany Bethke, Andrew Honsey, Peter Jacobson, Benjamen C. Kline, Shannon L. White
2020, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (77) 1540-1551
Two primary goals in fisheries research are to (i) understand how habitat and environmental conditions influence the distribution of fishes across the landscape and (ii) make predictions about how fish communities will respond to environmental and anthropogenic change. In inland, freshwater ecosystems, quantitative approaches traditionally used to accomplish these goals...
Yellowstone Lake ecosystem restoration: A case study for invasive fish management
Todd M. Koel, Jeffrey L. Arnold, Patricia E. Bigelow, Travis O. Brenden, Jeffery D. Davis, Colleen R. Detjens, Philip D. Doepke, Brian D. Ertel, Hayley C. Glassic, Robert E. Gresswell, Christopher S Guy, Drew J. MacDonald, Michael E. Ruhl, Todd J. Stuth, David P. Sweet, John M. Syslo, Nathan A. Thomas, Lusha M. Tronstad, Patrick J. White, Alexander V. Zale
2020, Fishes (5)
Invasive predatory lake trout Salvelinus namaycush were discovered in Yellowstone Lake in 1994 and caused a precipitous decrease in abundance of native Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. Suppression efforts (primarily gillnetting) initiated in 1995 did not curtail lake trout population growth or lakewide expansion. An adaptive management strategy was developed in...
The ocean's impact on slow slip events
Joan S. Gomberg, Peter J. Baxter, Euan G. C. Smith, Keisuke Ariyoshi, Steve Chiswell
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
We test the hypothesis that ocean seafloor pressures impart stresses that alter the initiation or termination of transient slow slip events (SSEs) on shallow submarine and near-coastal faults, using simulated seafloor pressures and a new catalog of SSEs in the Hikurangi subduction zone. We show that seafloor pressures may be...
Asymmetric benefits of a heterospecific breeding association vary with habitat, conspecific abundance and breeding stage
Rose J. Swift, Michael J. Anteau, Erin A. Roche, Mark H. Sherfy, Dustin L. Toy, Megan M. Ring
2020, Oikos (10) 1504-1520
Heterospecific breeding associations may benefit individuals by mitigating predation risk but may also create costs if they increase competition for resources or are more easily detectable by predators. Our understanding of the interactions among hetero‐ and conspecifics is often lacking in mixed species colonies. Here, we...
Quantifying the contribution of habitats and pathways to a spatially structured population facing environmental change
Christine Sample, Joanna A. Bieri, Benjamin L. Allen, Yulia Dementieva, Alyssa Carson, Connor Higgins, Sadie Piatt, Shirley Qiu, Summer Stafford, Brady J. Mattsson, Darius J. Semmens, James E. Diffendorfer, Wayne E. Thogmartin
2020, American Naturalist (196) 157-168
The consequences of environmental disturbance and management are difficult to quantify for spatially structured populations because changes in one location carry through to other areas as a result of species movement. We develop a metric, G, for measuring the contribution of a habitat or pathway to network-wide population...
Geochronologic and Hf-isotope framework of Proterozoic rocks from central New Mexico, USA: Formation of the Mazatzal crustal province in an extended continental margin arc
Mark E. Holland, Tyler A. Grambling, Karl E. Karlstrom, James V. Jones III, Kimberly N. Nagotko, Christopher G. Daniel
2020, Precambrian Research (347)
The growth of southern Laurentia has been attributed to the accretion of juvenile arc terranes during the successive 1.74-1.68 Ga Yavapai and 1.65-1.60 Ga Mazatzal orogenies. However, in light of the increasing importance of the ca. 1.49-1.40 Ga Mesoproterozoic Picuris orogeny, the tectonic setting in which the Mazatzal crustal province...
