Characterization of lake water and ground water movement in the littoral zone of Williams Lake, a closed-basin lake in North central Minnesota
P. F. Schuster, M.M. Reddy, J. W. LaBaugh, R.S. Parkhurst, D.O. Rosenberry, T. C. Winter, Ronald C. Antweiler, W.E. Dean
2003, Hydrological Processes (17) 823-838
Williams Lake, Minnesota is a closed‐basin lake that is a flow‐through system with respect to ground water. Ground‐water input represents half of the annual water input and most of the chemical input to the lake. Chemical budgets indicate that the lake is a sink for calcium, yet surficial sediments contain...
Late Holocene earthquakes on the Toe Jam Hill fault, Seattle fault zone, Bainbridge Island, Washington
A.R. Nelson, S. Y. Johnson, H.M. Kelsey, R.E. Wells, B.L. Sherrod, S.K. Pezzopane, L. A. Bradley, R. D. Koehler III, R.C. Bucknam
2003, Geological Society of America Bulletin (115) 1388-1403
Five trenches across a Holocene fault scarp yield the first radiocarbon-measured earthquake recurrence intervals for a crustal fault in western Washington. The scarp, the first to be revealed by laser imagery, marks the Toe Jam Hill fault, a north-dipping backthrust to the Seattle fault. Folded and faulted strata, liquefaction features,...
Finite element model predictions of static deformation from dislocation sources in a subduction zone: Sensitivities to homogeneous, isotropic, Poisson-solid, and half-space assumptions
Timothy Masterlark
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (108)
Dislocation models can simulate static deformation caused by slip along a fault. These models usually take the form of a dislocation embedded in a homogeneous, isotropic, Poisson-solid half-space (HIPSHS). However, the widely accepted HIPSHS assumptions poorly approximate subduction zone systems of converging oceanic and continental crust. This study uses three-dimensional...
Jovian dust streams: A monitor of Io's volcanic plume activity
H. Kruger, P. Geissler, M. Horanyi, A.L. Graps, S. Kempf, R. Srama, G. Moragas-Klostermeyer, R. Moissl, T. V. Johnson, E. Grun
2003, Geophysical Research Letters (30)
Streams of high speed dust particles originate from Jupiter's moon Io. After release from Io, the particles collect electric charges in the Io plasma torus, gain energy from the co-rotating electric field of Jupiter's magnetosphere, and leave the Jovian system into interplanetary space with escape speeds over 200 km s−1....
A comprehensive approach to monitoring volcano deformation as a window on the eruption cycle
D. Dzurisin
2003, Reviews of Geophysics (41) 1-1
Since the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, volcanologists have made considerable progress toward predicting eruptions on the basis of precursors that typically start a few days to several months in advance. Although accurate eruption prediction is by no means routine, it may now be possible in some cases to...
Temperature influences on water permeability and chlorpyrifos uptake in aquatic insects with differing respiratory strategies
D.B. Buchwalter, J.J. Jenkins, L.R. Curtis
2003, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (22) 2806-2812
Aquatic insects have evolved diverse respiratory strategies that range from breathing atmospheric air to breathing dissolved oxygen. These strategies result in vast morphological differences among taxa in terms of exchange epithelial surface areas that are in direct contact with the surrounding water that, in turn, affect physiological processes. This paper...
Fracture network of the Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale, east-central Utah, USA
S. M. Condon
2003, International Journal of Coal Geology (56) 111-139
The fracture network at the outcrop of the Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale was studied to gain an understanding of the tectonic history of the region and to contribute data to studies of gas and water transmissivity related to the occurrence and production of coal-bed methane. About 1900...
Effects of ammonia on juvenile unionid mussels (Lampsilis cardium) in laboratory sediment toxicity tests
Teresa J. Newton, John W. Allran, Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Michelle Bartsch, William B. Richardson
2003, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (22) 2554-2560
Ammonia is a relatively toxic compound generated in water and sediments by heterotrophic bacteria and accumulates in sediments and pore water. Recent data suggest that unionid mussels are sensitive to un-ionized ammonia (NH3) relative to other organisms. Existing sediment exposure systems are not suitable for ammonia toxicity studies with juvenile...
Conceptual model for transferring information between small watersheds
E.T. Cleaves
2003, Environmental Geology (45) 190-197
Stream and watershed management and restoration can be greatly facilitated through use of physiographic landform classification to organize and communicate natural resource, hazard, and environmental information at a broad scale (1:250,000) as illustrated by the Piedmont and Coastal Plain Provinces in Maryland, or at a small scale (1:24,000) as illustrated...
Icelandic-type crust
G.R. Foulger, Z. Du, B.R. Julian
2003, Geophysical Journal International (155) 567-590
Numerous seismic studies, in particular using receiver functions and explosion seismology, have provided a detailed picture of the structure and thickness of the crust beneath the Iceland transverse ridge. We review the results and propose a structural model that is consistent with all the observations. The upper crust is typically...
Unsaturation beneath a water table
T.L. Holzer, M.J. Bennett
2003, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (9) 379-385
[No abstract available]...
Estimating debris-flow probability using fan stratigraphy, historic records, and drainage-basin morphology, Interstate 70 highway corridor, central Colorado, U.S.A
J. A. Coe, J. W. Godt, M. Parise, A. Moscariello
Rickenmann D.Chen C.L., editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings
We have used stratigraphic and historic records of debris-flows to estimate mean recurrence intervals of past debris-flow events on 19 fans along the Interstate 70 highway corridor in the Front Range of Colorado. Estimated mean recurrence intervals were used in the Poisson probability model to estimate the probability of future...
Improving ground-penetrating radar data in sedimentary rocks using deterministic deconvolution
J. Xia, E. K. Franseen, R. D. Miller, T.V. Weis, A.P. Byrnes
2003, Journal of Applied Geophysics (54) 15-33
Resolution is key to confidently identifying unique geologic features using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data. Source wavelet "ringing" (related to bandwidth) in a GPR section limits resolution because of wavelet interference, and can smear reflections in time and/or space. The resultant potential for misinterpretation limits the usefulness of GPR. Deconvolution offers...
Interactions of bullfrog tadpole predators and an insecticide: Predation release and facilitation
M.D. Boone, R. D. Semlitsch
2003, Oecologia (137) 610-616
The effect of a contaminant on a community may not be easily predicted, given that complex changes in food resources and predator-prey dynamics may result. The objectives of our study were to determine the interactive effects of the insecticide carbaryl and predators on body size, development, survival, and activity of...
Status of Alabama shad and skipjack herring in Gulf of Mexico drainages
M.F. Mettee, P. E. O’Neil
2003, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2003) 157-170
Gulf of Mexico drainages are inhabited by two alosine species, the anadromous Alabama shad Alosa alabamae and the skipjack herring A. chrysochloris. Although their distributions are reasonably well documented, the life history and ecology of both species has been incompletely investigated. Infrequent literature references suggest populations of both species have...
Direct assessment of groundwater vulnerability from single observations of multiple contaminants
Fred Worrall, Dana W. Kolpin
2003, Water Resources Research (39) 2-1-2-8
Groundwater vulnerability is a central concept in pollution risk assessment, yet its estimation has been largely a matter of expert judgment. This work applies a method for the direct calculation of vulnerability from monitoring well observations of pesticide concentrations. The method has two major advantages: it is independent of the...
New signatures of underground nuclear tests revealed by satellite radar interferometry
P. Vincent, S. Larsen, D. Galloway, R. J. Laczniak, W.R. Walter, W. Foxall, J.J. Zucca
2003, Geophysical Research Letters (30) 1-5
New observations of surface displacement caused by past underground nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) are presented using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). The InSAR data reveal both coseismic and postseismic subsidence signals that extend one kilometer or more across regardless of whether or not a surface crater...
Microparasite assemblages of conspecific shrew populations in Southern California
J. Laakkonen, Robert N. Fisher, T. J. Case
2003, Journal of Parasitology (89) 1153-1158
The microparasite component communities of 2 species of shrews, Notiosorex crawfordi and Sorex ornatus, were investigated for the first time in 2 isolated and 3 continuous landscapes in southern California. With microscopical examination, a total of 6 parasite species was found in N. crawfordi and 8 species in S. ornatus....
A gentle introduction to quantile regression for ecologists
B.S. Cade, B.R. Noon
2003, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (1) 412-420
Quantile regression is a way to estimate the conditional quantiles of a response variable distribution in the linear model that provides a more complete view of possible causal relationships between variables in ecological processes. Typically, all the factors that affect ecological processes are not measured and included in the statistical...
Aftershocks and triggered events of the Great 1906 California earthquake
A.J. Meltzner, D.J. Wald
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 2160-2186
The San Andreas fault is the longest fault in California and one of the longest strike-slip faults in the world, yet little is known about the aftershocks following the most recent great event on the San Andreas, the Mw 7.8 San Francisco earthquake on 18 April 1906. We conducted a...
Home-range size and habitat used by the northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis)
Sheldon F. Owen, M. A. Menzel, W. Mark Ford, Brian R. Chapman, Karl V. Miller, John W. Edwards, Petra B. Wood
2003, American Midland Naturalist (150) 352-359
We examined home range size and habitat use of nine female northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) within an intensively managed forest in the central Appalachians of West Virginia. Using the 95% adaptive kernel method, we calculated a mean home range of 65 ha. Northern myotis used recent diameter-limit harvests and...
Surface wave tomography of North America and the Caribbean using global and regional broad-band networks: Phase velocity maps and limitations of ray theory
S. Godey, R. Snieder, A. Villasenor, H.M. Benz
2003, Geophysical Journal International (152) 620-632
We present phase velocity maps of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves across the North American and Caribbean plates. Our data set consists of 1846 waveforms from 172 events recorded at 91 broad-band stations operating in North America. We compute phase velocity maps in four narrow period bands between 50 and 150...
Transport and cycling of iron and hydrogen peroxide in a freshwater stream: Influence of organic acids
Durelle T. Scott, Robert L. Runkel, Diane M. McKnight, Bettina M. Voelker, Briant A. Kimball, Elizabeth R. Carraway
2003, Water Resources Research (39) 1-14
An in‐stream injection of two dissolved organic acids (phthalic and aspartic acids) was performed in an acidic mountain stream to assess the effects of organic acids on Fe photoreduction and H2O2 cycling. Results indicate that the fate of Fe is dependent on a net balance of oxidative and reductive processes, which...
Characterization of anthropogenic and natural sources of acid rock drainage at the Cinnamon Gulch abandoned mine land inventory site, Summit County, Colorado
D.A. Bird
2003, Environmental Geology (44) 919-932
Colorado's Cinnamon Gulch releases acid rock drainage (ARD) from anthropogenic and natural sources. In 2001, the total discharge from Cinnamon Gulch was measured at 1.02 cfs (29 L/s) at base flow and 4.3 cfs (122 L/s) at high flow (spring runoff). At base flow, natural sources account for 98% of...
Growth and survival of Escherichia coli and enterococci populations in the macro-alga Cladophora (Chlorophyta)
M.N. Byappanahalli, D.A. Shively, M.B. Nevers, M.J. Sadowsky, R.L. Whitman
2003, FEMS Microbiology Ecology (46) 203-211
The macro-alga Cladophora glomerata is found in streams and lakes worldwide. High concentrations of Escherichia coli and enterococci have been reported in Cladophora along the Lake Michigan shore. The objective of this study was to determine if Cladophora supported growth of these indicator bacteria. Algal leachate readily supported in vitro...
