Influences of herbivory and water on willow in elk winter range
L. C. Zeigenfuss, F. J. Singer, S. A. Williams, T. L. Johnson
2002, Journal of Wildlife Management (66) 788-795
Elimination of large predators and reduced hunter harvest have led to concerns that an increasing elk (Cervus elaphus) population may be adversely affecting vegetation on the low-elevation elk winter range of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. Beaver (Castor canadensis) and their impoundments also have declined dramatically (94%) in the...
[Book review] Green engineering: environmentally conscious design, by David T. Allen and David R. Shonnard
R.G. Boustany
2002, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (38) 1171-1173
Review of: Green engineering: Environmentally conscious design / David T. Allen and David R. Shonnard / Prentice-Hall, Inc., One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. 2002. 552 pages. ISBN 0-13-061908-6....
Fatal spirochetosis due to a relapsing fever-like Borrelia sp. in northern spotted owl
N. J. Thomas, J. Bunikis, A.G. Barbour, M. J. Wolcott
2002, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (38) 187-193
Acute septicemic spirochetosis was diagnosed in an adult male northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) found dead in Kittitas County, Washington, USA. Gross necropsy findings included marked enlargement of the liver and spleen and serofibrinous deposits on the serous membranes lining the body cavities and the pericardial and perihepatic sacs....
Breeding habitat use by sympatric and allopatric populations of Wilson's Warblers and Yellow Warblers
J. M. Ruth, Thomas R. Stanley
2002, Journal of Field Ornithology (73) 412-419
We studied Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) and Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia) habitat use in allopatric and sympatric populations in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming in order to better understand the different habitat needs and interactions of these two species. Foraging Wilson's Warblers and Yellow...
Coastal geoindicators of environmental change in the humid tropics
R.A. Morton
2002, Environmental Geology (42) 711-724
The primary geoindicators appropriate for monitoring environmental changes in the humid tropics are transitory surface water levels, shoreline position, wetlands distribution, coral reefs, landforms, and sediment sequence and composition. Lateral zonations and temporal successions of vegetation also can be used as geoindicators of riverine and shoreline changes. All of these...
Generalized linear and generalized additive models in studies of species distributions: Setting the scene
Antoine Guisan, T.C. Edwards Jr., T. Hastie
2002, Ecological Modelling (157) 89-100
An important statistical development of the last 30 years has been the advance in regression analysis provided by generalized linear models (GLMs) and generalized additive models (GAMs). Here we introduce a series of papers prepared within the framework of an international workshop entitled: Advances in GLMs/GAMs modeling: from species distribution...
Simulation of broadband ground motion including nonlinear soil effects for a magnitude 6.5 earthquake on the Seattle fault, Seattle, Washington
S. Hartzell, A. Leeds, A. Frankel, R. A. Williams, J. Odum, W. Stephenson, W. Silva
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 831-853
The Seattle fault poses a significant seismic hazard to the city of Seattle, Washington. A hybrid, low-frequency, high-frequency method is used to calculate broadband (0-20 Hz) ground-motion time histories for a M 6.5 earthquake on the Seattle fault. Low frequencies (1 Hz) are calculated by a stochastic method that uses...
Small-mammal data on early and middle Holocene climates and biotic communities in the Bonneville Basin, USA
D.N. Schmitt, D.B. Madsen, K.D. Lupo
2002, Quaternary Research (58) 255-260
Archaeological investigations in Camels Back Cave, western Utah, recovered a series of small-mammal bone assemblages from stratified deposits dating between ca. 12,000 and 500 14C yr B.P. The cave's early Holocene fauna includes a number of species adapted to montane or mesic habitats containing grasses and/or sagebrush (e.g., Lepus townsendii,...
Putting aquifers into atmospheric simulation models: An example from the Mill Creek Watershed, Northeastern Kansas
J.P. York, M. Person, W.J. Gutowski, T. C. Winter
2002, Advances in Water Resources (25) 221-238
Aquifer-atmosphere interactions can be important in regions where the water table is shallow (<2 m). A shallow water table provides moisture for the soil and vegetation and thus acts as a source term for evapotranspiration to the atmosphere. A coupled aquifer-land surface-atmosphere model has been developed to study aquifer-atmosphere interactions...
Interactions between groundwater and surface water: The state of the science
M. Sophocleous
2002, Hydrogeology Journal (10) 52-67
The interactions between groundwater and surface water are complex. To understand these interactions in relation to climate, landform, geology, and biotic factors, a sound hydrogeoecological framework is needed. All these aspects are synthesized and exemplified in this overview. In addition, the mechanisms of interactions between groundwater and surface water (GW-SW)...
Hydrodynamic field study of a shallow estuarine subembayment, Sherman Lake, California
C.A. Ruhl, J.R. Burau, R.N. Oltmann
Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B.Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods
Sherman Lake, California, has two hydrodynamically distinct regions: a tidally forced jet located along the eastern flank that creates an important hydraulic connection between the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, and a relatively quiescent area in the west. The forcing mechanisms driving circulation and transport are spatially variable in Sherman...
Fitness consequences of nest desertion in an endangered host, the least Bell's vireo
Barbara E. Kus
2002, Condor (104) 795-802
Recent analyses of the impact of cowbird parasitism on host productivity suggest that while parasitism reduces productivity on a per-nest basis, the ability of pairs to desert parasitized nests and renest allows them to achieve productivity comparable to that of unparasitized pairs. This has implications for the management of several...
Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration, ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply
Ingrid M. Verstraeten, E.M. Thurman, M.E. Lindsey, E.C. Lee, R.D. Smith
2002, Journal of Hydrology (266) 190-208
The changes in triazine and acetamide concentrations in water during natural and artificial treatment by bank filtration, ozonation, filtration, and chlorination were measured at the well field and drinking water treatment plant of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. The city's groundwater supply is affected by induced infiltration and transport of triazines and...
Avian vacuolar myelinopathy: a newly recognized fatal neurologic disease of eagles, waterfowl, and other birds
John R. Fischer, L.A. Lewis, T. Augspurger, Tonie E. Rocke
2002, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (67) 51-61
Wildlife biologists and health specialists have been frustrated by a long list of negative findings in their AVM investigations, however studies continue to provide pieces of information to aid the determination of the cause and its source. Available data indicated that AVM may have been present since at least 1990,...
Resource-assessment perspectives for unconventional gas systems
J. W. Schmoker
2002, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (86) 1993-1999
Concepts are described for assessing those unconventional gas systems that can also be defined as continous accumulations. Continuous gas accumulations exist more or less independently of the water column and do not owe their existence directly to the bouyancy of gas in water. They cannot be represented in terms of...
Algal layer ratios as indicators of air pollutant effects in Permelia sulcata
J. P. Bennett
2002, Bryologist (105) 104-110
Parmelia sulcata Taylor is generally believed to be fairly pollution tolerant, and consequently it is sometimes collected in urban and/or polluted localities. The condition of these specimens, however, is not always luxuriant and healthy. This study tested the hypothesis that total thallus and algal layer thickness, and the algal layer...
Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill
James L. Bodkin, Brenda E. Ballachey, T.A. Dean, Allan K. Fukuyama, S.C. Jewett, L. McDonald, Daniel H. Monson, Charles E. O’Clair, G.R. VanBlaricom
2002, Marine Ecology Progress Series (241) 237-253
Sea otter Enhydra lutris populations were severely affected by the 1989 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill in western Prince William Sound, AK, and had not fully recovered by 2000. Here we present results of population surveys and incorporate findings from related studies to identify current population status and factors affecting recovery....
Use of satellite telemetry to identify common loon migration routes, staging areas and wintering range
Kevin P. Kenow, Michael W. Meyer, David Evers, David C. Douglas, J. Hines
2002, Waterbirds (25) 449-458
We developed a satellite transmitter attachment technique for adult Common Loons (Gavia immer) that would help in identifying important migration routes, staging areas, and the location of wintering grounds of birds that breed in the north central United States. During the autumn and winter of 1998, the migration of...
Undrained poroelastic response of sandstones to deviatoric stress change
D.A. Lockner, S. A. Stanchits
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ETG 13-1-ETG 13-14
Deformation of porous crustal rock through diagenesis, tectonic loading, or other processes can change pore volume and affect fluid pressure. The largest stress-induced pore pressure changes occur when fluid is trapped in pores in an “undrained” condition. We have measured the undrained poroelastic response of two sandstones to changes in...
A strategy for estimating the rates of recent United States land-cover changes
Thomas R. Loveland, Terry L. Sohl, S.V. Stehman, Alisa L. Gallant, K. L. Sayler, D.E. Napton
2002, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (68) 1091-1099
Information on the rates of land-use and land-cover change is important in addressing issues ranging from the health of aquatic resources to climate change. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information on land-use and land-cover change except at very local levels. We describe a strategy for estimating land-cover change across...
Test of a habitat suitability index for black bears in the southern Appalachians
M.S. Mitchell, J.W. Zimmerman, R. A. Powell
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (30) 794-808
We present a habitat suitability index (HSI) model for black bears (Ursus americanus) living in the southern Appalachians that was developed a priori from the literature, then tested using location and home range data collected in the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary, North Carolina, over a 12-year period. The HSI was developed...
Effects of mosquito larvicide on mallard ducklings and prey
A.K. Miles, S.P. Lawler, D. Dritz, S. Spring
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (30) 675-682
We determined the effects of a commonly used mosquito (Culicidae) larvicide (California Golden Bear Oil??, also GB-1111) on body mass and survival of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings and on target and nontarget invertebrates. Field studies conducted on natural ponds located in salt marshes in south San Francisco Bay indicated that...
Evidence for large earthquakes on the San Andreas fault at the Wrightwood, California paleoseismic site: A.D. 500 to present
T. E. Fumal, R. J. Weldon, G. P. Biasi, T. E. Dawson, G. G. Seitz, W. T. Frost, David P. Schwartz
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 2726-2760
We present structural and stratigraphic evidence from a paleoseismic site near Wrightwood, California, for 14 large earthquakes that occurred on the southern San Andreas fault during the past 1500 years. In a network of 38 trenches and creek-bank exposures, we have exposed a composite section of interbedded debris flow deposits...
Habitat and landscape associations of breeding birds in native and restored grasslands
R. J. Fletcher Jr., Rolf R. Koford
2002, Journal of Wildlife Management (66) 1011-1022
In the midwestern United States, less than 1% of the original tallgrass prairie ecosystem remains. State and federal agencies have responded to this habitat loss with programs and land acquisition that have increased the amount of grassland on the landscape by restoring grassland from other land-use practices. We assessed the...
The oral bioavailability and toxicokinetics of methylmercury in common loon (Gavia immer) chicks
F. Fournier, W. H. Karasov, K.P. Kenow, M.W. Meyer, R. K. Hines
2002, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology (133) 703-714
We compared the toxicokinetics of methylmercury in captive common loon chicks during two time intervals to assess the impact of feather growth on the kinetics of mercury. We also determined the oral bioavailability of methylmercury during these trials to test for age-related changes. The blood concentration-time curves for individuals dosed...
