GIS interpolations of witness tree records (1839-1866) for northern Wisconsin at multiple scales
H.S. He, D.J. Mladenoff, T.A. Sickley, G.R. Guntenspergen
2000, Journal of Biogeography (27) 1031-1042
To construct forest landscape of pre-European settlement periods, we developed a GIS interpolation approach to convert witness tree records of the U.S. General Land Office (GLO) survey from point to polygon data, which better described continuously distributed vegetation. The witness tree records (1839-1866) were processed for a 3-million ha landscape...
[Book review] Ecological Scale - Theory and Applications by D.L. Peterson and V. Thomas Parker, editors
A.F. O'Connell Jr.
2000, Park Science (20) 4-5,
Covering the complexity of the scale topic, this volume represents an important compilation of information on a topic that is often misunderstood, and one for which little attention is paid (although, thankfully, this seems to be on the decline). Although technical, this book provides full exposure to the scale...
Atlantic Flyway review: Piedmont-Coastal Plain, Region IV, Fall 1999: Patuxent powerline right-of-way (390-0764)
Deanna K. Dawson
2000, North American Bird Bander (25) 63-63
Fall 1999 was among the poorest seasons in this banding station's 20 years of operation. Record high capture totals were set for only two species: Ruby-throated Hummingbird (41 individuals captured, none banded; previous high 21) and White-breasted Nuthatch (two individuals banded; previous high, one). The only other species that stood...
Effects of dietary polychlorinated biphenyl exposure on energetics of white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus
M.B. Voltura, J.B. French Jr.
2000, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (19) 2757-2761
Energy budgets have provided physiological ecologists with a vital link between environmental variables and individual performance and should also prove useful to ecotoxicologists in understanding the effects of sublethal exposure in the field. Exposure to toxic compounds is likely to be metabolically expensive and may result in a trade-off between...
Developmental toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment to mallard ducklings
D. J. Hoffman, G. H. Heinz, L. Sileo, D. J. Audet, J.K. Campbell, L. J. LeCaptain
2000, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (39) 221-232
Sediment ingestion has been identified as an important exposure route for toxicants in waterfowl. The toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment from the Coeur d'Alene River Basin (CDARB) in Idaho was examined on posthatching development of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings for 6 weeks. Day-old ducklings received either untreated control diet, clean sediment...
A double-observer approach for estimating detection probability and abundance from point counts
J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines, J.R. Sauer, F.W. Fallon, J.E. Fallon, P.J. Heglund
2000, The Auk (117) 393-408
Although point counts are frequently used in ornithological studies, basic assumptions about detection probabilities often are untested. We apply a double-observer approach developed to estimate detection probabilities for aerial surveys (Cook and Jacobson 1979) to avian point counts. At each point count, a designated 'primary' observer indicates to...
Use of lice to identify cowbird hosts
D.C. Hahn, R.D. Price, P.C. Osenton
2000, The Auk (117) 943-951
The host specificity of avian lice (Phthiraptera) may be utilized by biologists to investigate the brood parasitism patterns of Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater). As nestlings, brood parasites have a unique opportunity to encounter lice that are typically host specific. Lice are permanent hemimetabolic ectoparasites, a group found strictly on the...
Effects of lead in nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) experimentally dosed in the field
N. H. Golden, Barnett A. Rattner, J.B. Cohen, D. J. Hoffman, M. A. Ottinger
2000, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book (21) 229 (abstr
Lead is a known environmental toxicant, and poisoning resulting from the ingestion of lead shot has been well-documented in many species of waterfowl. However, much less is known regarding exposure and effects of free environmental lead in species of birds other than waterfowl. In an attempt to evaluate...
Seasonal distribution of bird populations at the Patuxent Research Refuge
R. E. Stewart, J.B. Cope, C.S. Robbins, J.W. Brainerd
2000, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book (21) 257-363
A detailed study of seasonal changes in bird populationswas made at the Patuxent Research Refuge, located between Bowie and Laurel, Maryland during the years 1936-1949. The history of the Refuge is reviewed and its physical and biological characteristlcs summarized.. The methods of study used during the investigation...
Evaluating endocrine endpoints relative to reproductive success in Japanese quail exposed to estrogenic chemicals [poster]
P.F.P. Henry, E. Russek-Cohen, C.S. Casey, M.A. Abdelnabi, M. A. Ottinger
2000, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book (21) 263 (abstr
The standard US EPA guidelines for avian reproductive testing may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect effects of sublethal and chronic exposure to endocrine disrupting toxins. There is a need to evaluate endocrine endpoints as potential markers for contaminant effects, and to determine their effectiveness and sensitivity when applied...
Developmental toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment in Canada geese (Branta canadensis)
David J. Hoffman, Gary H. Heinz, Louis Sileo, Daniel J. Audet, Juile K. Campbell, Holly H. Obrecht III
2000, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues (59) 235-252
Sediment ingestion has recently been identified as an important exposure route for toxicants in waterfowl. The effects of lead-contaminated sediment from the Coeur d'Alene River Basin (CDARB) in Idaho on posthatching development of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) were examined for 6 wk. Day-old goslings received either untreated control diet, clean...
Benthic invertebrates and quality of streambed sediments in the White River and selected tributaries in and near Indianapolis, Indiana, 1994-96
David C. Voelker, Danny E. Renn
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 1999–4276
During this study, 369 benthic-invertebrate samples were collected at 21 sites and 33 streambed-sediment samples were collected at 14 sites to help develop and evaluate control strategies to mediate the impact of point and nonpoint sources of pollution on the White River and selected tributaries in and near Indianapolis, Indiana....
Hydrology and Water and Sediment Quality at James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge near Kahuku, Island of Oahu, Hawaii
Charles D. Hunt Jr., Eric H. De Carlo
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4171
The James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge occupies two lowland marsh and pond complexes on the northern coastal plain of Oahu: the mostly natural ponds and wetlands of the Punamano Unit and the constructed ponds of the Kii Unit. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service manages the Refuge primarily to protect...
Pattern and process of land loss in the Mississippi Delta: A spatial and temporal analysis of wetland habitat change
John W. Day, Louis D. Britsch, Suzanne Hawes, Gary P. Shaffer, Denise J. Reed, Donald R. Cahoon
2000, Estuaries (56) 425-438
An earlier investigation (Turner 1997) concluded that most of the coastal wetland loss in Louisiana was caused by the effects of canal dredging, that loss was near zero in the absence of canals, and that land loss had decreased to near zero by the late 1990s. This analysis was based...
Disruption and restoration of en route habitat, a case study: The Chenier Plain
Wylie C. Barrow Jr., Chao-Chieh Chen, Robert B. Hamilton, Keith Ouchley, Terry J. Spengler
2000, Studies in Avian Biology (20) 71-87
Cheniers (relict beach ridges) and other habitats adjacent to ecological barriers may be critical linkages in the migratory pathways of long-distance migratory birds. It is important that these wooded habitats provide enough food and cover at the right time to support these birds’ requirements. To date, little attention has been given to the...
Diversity of anaerobic halophilic microorganisms
Aharon Oren, Ronald S. Oremland
2000, Proceedings of SPIE (4137) 96-105
Life in the presence of high salt concentrations is compatible with life in the absence of oxygen. Halophilic and halotolerant anaerobic prokaryotes are found both in the archaeal and in the bacterial domain, and they display a great metabolic diversity. Many of the representatives of the Halobacteriales (Archaea), which are generally considered...
Holocene relative sea level changes along the Seattle Fault at Restoration Point, Washington
Brian L. Sherrod, Robert C. Bucknam, Estella B. Leopold
2000, Quaternary Research (54) 384-393
At a marsh on the hanging wall of the Seattle fault, fossil brackish water diatom and plant seed assemblages show that the marsh lay near sea level between ∼7500 and 1000 cal yr B.P. This marsh is uniquely situated for recording environmental changes associated with past earthquakes on the Seattle...
Characterization of poxviruses from forest birds in Hawaii
Deoki N. Tripathy, William M. Schnitzlein, Patrick J. Morris, Don L. Janssen, Jeffery K. Zuba, Greg Massey, Carter T. Atkinson
2000, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (36) 225-230
Two strains of avian pox viruses were isolated from cutaneous lesions in Hawaiian crows (Corvus hawaiiensis) examined in 1994 and a third from a biopsy obtained in 1992 from an infected bird of the Apapane species (Himatione sanguinea) by inoculation of the chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) of developing chicken embryos. The...
Ecogeochemistry of the subsurface food web at pH 0–2.5 in Iron Mountain, California, U.S.A.
Eleanora I. Robbins, Teresa M. Rodgers, Charles N. Alpers, D. Kirk Nordstrom
2000, Hydrobiologia (433) 15-23
Pyrite oxidation in the underground mining environment of Iron Mountain, California, has created the most acidic pH values ever reported in aquatic systems. Sulfate values as high as 120 000 mg l−1 and iron as high as 27 600 mg l−1 have been measured in the mine water, which also...
Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Selenga Delta Accommodation Zone, Lake Baikal Rift, Siberia
C.A. Scholz, D. R. Hutchinson
2000, International Journal of Earth Sciences (89) 212-228
Seismic reflection profiles from the Lake Baikal Rift reveal extensive details about the sediment thickness, structural geometry and history of extensional deformation and syn-rift sedimentation in this classic continental rift. The Selenga River is the largest single source of terrigenous input into Lake Baikal, and its large delta sits astride...
Rapid movement of wastewater from on-site disposal systems into surface waters in the lower Florida Keys
John H. Paul, Molly R. McLaughlin, Dale W. Griffin, Erin K. Lipp, Rodger Stokes, Joan B. Rose
2000, Estuaries (23) 662-668
Viral tracer studies have been used previously to study the potential for wastewater contamination of surface marine waters in the Upper and Middle Florida Keys. Two bacteriophages, the marine bacteriophage ϕHSIC and the Salmonella phage PRD1, were used as tracers in injection well and septic tank studies in Saddlebunch Keys of...
Portable coastal observatories
Daniel Frye, Bradford Butman, Mark Johnson, Keith von der Heydt, Steven Lerner
2000, Oceanography (13) 24-31
Ocean observational science is in the midst of a paradigm shift from an expeditionary science centered on short research cruises and deployments of internally recording instruments to a sustained observational science where the ocean is monitored on a regular basis, much the way the atmosphere is monitored. While satellite remote...
Holocene and recent sediment accumulation rates in southern Lake Michigan
Steven M. Colman, J.W. King, Glenn A. Jones, R. L. Reynolds, Michael H. Bothner
2000, Quaternary Science Reviews (19) 1563-1580
Rates of sediment accumulation in Lake Michigan are a key component of its geologic history and provide important data related to societal concerns such as shoreline erosion and the fate of anthropogenic pollutants. Previous attempts to reconstruct Holocene rates of sediment accumulation in Lake Michigan, as well as in the...
A compartmentalized solute transport model for redox zones in contaminated aquifers: 2. Field‐scale simulations
Robert H. Abrams , Keith Loague
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 2015-2029
This paper, the second of two parts [see Abrams and Loague, this issue], reports the field‐scale application of COMPTRAN (compartmentalized solute transport model) for simulating the development of redox zones. COMPTRAN is fully developed and described in the companion paper. Redox zones, which are often delineated by the relative concentrations of...
A compartmentalized solute transport model for redox zones in contaminated aquifers: 1. Theory and development
Robert H. Abrams , Keith Loague
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 2001-2013
This paper, the first of two parts [see Abrams and Loague, this issue], takes the compartmentalized approach for the geochemical evolution of redox zones presented by Abrams et al. [1998] and embeds it within a solute transport framework. In this paper the compartmentalized approach is generalized to facilitate the description of its...
