Response of benthic algae to environmental gradients in an agriculturally dominated landscape
M.D. Munn, R. W. Black, S.J. Gruber
2002, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (21) 221-237
Benthic algal communities were assessed in an agriculturally dominated landscape in the Central Columbia Plateau, Washington, to determine which environmental variables best explained species distributions, and whether algae species optima models were useful in predicting specific water-quality parameters. Land uses in the study area included forest, range, urban, and agriculture....
Forage quantity and quality
Janet C. Jorgenson, Mark S. Udevitz, Nancy A. Felix
David C. Douglas, Patricia E. Reynolds, E. B. Rhode, editor(s)
2002, Biological Science Report 2002-0001-5
The Porcupine caribou herd has traditionally used the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, for calving. Availability of nutritious forage has been hypothesized as one of the reasons the Porcupine caribou herd migrates hundreds of kilometers to reach the coastal plain for calving (Kuropat and Bryant 1980,...
Multispecies reactive tracer test in an aquifer with spatially variable chemical conditions, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Dispersive transport of bromide and nickel
Kathryn M. Hess, James A. Davis, Douglas B. Kent, Jennifer A. Coston
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 36-1-36-17
Dispersive transport of groundwater solutes was investigated as part of a multispecies reactive tracer test conducted under spatially variable chemical conditions in an unconfined, sewage‐contaminated sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Transport of the nonreactive tracer bromide (Br) reflected physical and hydrologic processes. Transport of the reactive tracer...
White sturgeon mitigation and restoration in the Columbia and Snake Rivers upstream from Bonneville Dam
M.J. Parsley, D.G. Gallion, K.M. Kappenman, P.E. Kofoot
David L. Ward, editor(s)
2002, Report
No abstract available ...
Response of seabirds to fluctuations in forage fish density
John F. Piatt, editor(s)
2002, Report
Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS), one concern was that prevailing ecological conditions in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) would not favor recovery of damaged seabird populations. To address this issue, we examined relationships between oceanography, forage fish and seabirds near three seabird colonies in lower Cook Inlet (LCI)...
Microbial ecology of a crude oil contaminated aquifer
B.A. Bekins, I.M. Cozzarelli, E. Warren, E.M. Godsy
2002, IAHS-AISH Publication 57-64
Detailed microbial analyses of a glacial outwash aquifer contaminated by crude oil provide insights into the pattern of microbial succession from iron reducing to methanogenic in the anaerobic portion of the contaminant plume. We analysed sediments from this area for populations of aerobes, iron reducers, fermenters and methanogens, using the...
A late Pleistocene tephra layer in the southern Great Basin and Colorado Plateau derived from Mono Craters, California
D.B. Madsen, A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki, R.S. Thompson
2002, Quaternary Research (57) 382-390
A newly identified tephra in stratified deposits in southwestern Utah, dated ???14,000 14C yr B.P., may aid in correlating late Pleistocene deposits across parts of the southern Great Basin and west-central Colorado Plateau. Geochemical analyses of the ash suggest the tephra originated from Mono Craters, California, and most probably correlates...
Using tsunami deposits to improve assessment of tsunami risk
B. E. Jaffe, G. Gelfenbaum
Ewing L.Wallendorf L.Ewing L.Wallendorf L., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2002
In many places in the world the written record of tsunamis is too short to accurately assess the risk of tsunamis. Sedimentary deposits left by tsunamis can be used to extend the record of tsunamis to improve risk assessment. The two primary factors in tsunami risk, tsunami frequency and magnitude,...
Impacts of urban landuse on macroinvertebrate communities in southeastern Wisconsin streams
K.F. Stepenuck, R.L. Crunkilton, L. Wang
2002, Conference Paper, Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Macroinvertebrates were used to assess the impact of urbanization on stream quality across a gradient of watershed imperviousness in 43 southeastern Wisconsin streams. The percentage of watershed connected imperviousness was chosen as the urbanization indicator to examine impact of urban land uses on macroinvertebrate communities. Most urban land uses were...
Effects of tidal current phase at the junction of two straits
John C. Warner, David H. Schoellhamer, Jon Burau, Geoffrey Schladow
2002, Conference Paper
Estuaries typically have a monotonic increase in salinity from freshwater at the head of the estuary to ocean water at the mouth, creating a consistent direction for the longitudinal baroclinic pressure gradient. However, Mare Island Strait in San Francisco Bay has a local salinity minimum created by the phasing of...
Productivity responses of Acer rubrum and Taxodium distichum seedlings to elevated CO2 and flooding
C.D. Vann, J.P. Megonigal
2002, Environmental Pollution (116)
Elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 are expected to increase photosynthetic rates of C3 tree species, but it is uncertain whether this will result in an increase in wetland seedling productivity. Separate short-term experiments (12 and 17 weeks) were performed on two wetland tree species, Taxodium distichum and Acer rubrum, to...
Effect of dissolved organic carbon quality on microbial decomposition and nitrification rates in stream sediments
E.A. Strauss, G. A. Lamberti
2002, Freshwater Biology (47) 65-74
1. Microbial decomposition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contributes to overall stream metabolism and can influence many processes in the nitrogen cycle, including nitrification. Little is known, however, about the relative decomposition rates of different DOC sources and their subsequent effect on nitrification. 2. In this study, labile fraction and...
SHE analysis for biozonation of benthic foraminiferal assemblages from western arctic ocean
Lisa E. Osterman, Martin A Buzas, Lee-Ann C. Hayek
2002, Palaios (17) 297-303
Benthic foraminiferal species abundance in samples from three Mendeleyev Ridge box cores were analyzed by cluster analysis and the newer method of SHE analysis. Previously, the latter technique only has been used on foraminiferal data from depth transects of modern surface sediment samples. Unlike most methods, which initially compare all...
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes
Z. Lu, C. Wicks Jr., J. Power, D. Dzurisin, W. Thatcher, Timothy Masterlark
2002, Conference Paper, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imaging is a recently developed geodetic technique capable of measuring ground-surface deformation with centimeter to subcentimeter vertical precision and spatial resolution of tens-of-meter over a relatively large region (/spl sim/10/sup 4/ km/sup 2/). The spatial distribution of surface deformation data, derived from InSAR images, enables...
Submarine landslides: advances and challenges
Jacques Locat, Homa J. Lee
2002, Canadian Geotechnical Journal (39) 193-212
Due to the recent development of well-integrated surveying techniques of the sea floor, significant improvements were achieved in mapping and describing the morphology and architecture of submarine mass movements. Except for the occurrence of turbidity currents, the aquatic environment (marine and fresh water) experiences the same type of...
Towards a sediment budget for the Santa Cruz shelf
S.L. Eittreim, J. P. Xu, M. Noble, B. D. Edwards
2002, Marine Geology (181) 235-248
A conceptual model is presented for the northern Monterey Bay continental shelf in which coarse sediment moves southward along the coast in the littoral zone while fine sediment moves to the north by advection and diffusion along the midshelf. Data from measurements and estimates of various sediment sources and sinks...
Invertebrate biomass: Associations with lesser prairie-chicken habitat use and sand sagebrush density in southwestern Kansas
B.E. Jamison, R.J. Robel, J.S. Pontius, R.D. Applegate
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (30) 517-526
Invertebrates are important food sources for lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) adults and broods. We compared invertebrate biomass in areas used and not used by lesser prairie-chicken adults and broods. We used radiotelemetry to determine use and non-use areas in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) prairie in southwestern Kansas and sampled invertebrate...
Processing, mosaicking and management of the Monterey Bay digital sidescan-sonar images
P.S. Chavez Jr., J. Isbrecht, P. Galanis, G.L. Gabel, S.C. Sides, D.L. Soltesz, Stephanie L. Ross, M.G. Velasco
2002, Marine Geology (181) 305-315
Sidescan-sonar imaging systems with digital capabilities have now been available for approximately 20 years. In this paper we present several of the various digital image processing techniques developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and used to apply intensity/radiometric and geometric corrections, as well as enhance and digitally mosaic, sidescan-sonar...
Groundwater recharge and agricultural contamination
J.K. Böhlke
2002, Hydrogeology Journal (10) 153-179
Agriculture has had direct and indirect effects on the rates and compositions of groundwater recharge and aquifer biogeochemistry. Direct effects include dissolution and transport of excess quantities of fertilizers and associated materials and hydrologic alterations related to irrigation and drainage. Some indirect effects include changes in water–rock reactions in soils...
Site effects in Avcilar, West of Istanbul, Turkey, from strong- and weak-motion data
O. Ozel, E. Cranswick, M. Meremonte, M. Erdik, E. Safak
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 499-508
Approximately 1000 people were killed in the collapse of buildings in Istanbul, Turkey, during the 17 August 1999 I??zmit earthquake, whose epicenter was roughly 90 km east of the city. Most of the fatalities and damage occurred in the suburb of Avcilar that is 20 km further west of the...
Effects of ENSO on weather-type frequencies and properties at New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
G.J. McCabe, R.A. Muller
2002, Climate Research (20) 95-105
Examination of historical climate records indicates a significant relation between the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and seasonal temperature and precipitation in Louisiana. In this study, a 40 yr record of twice daily (06:00 and 15:00 h local time) weather types are used to study the effects of ENSO variability on...
Influence of topography on density of grassland passerines in pastures
R.B. Renfrew, C. A. Ribic
2002, American Midland Naturalist (147) 315-325
Pastures provide substantial habitat for grassland birds of management concern in the Driftless Area of southwestern Wisconsin. The rolling topography in this region is characterized by lowland valleys surrounded by relatively steep and often wooded slopes which are set apart from more expansive treeless uplands. We hypothesized that there would...
VOLATILECALC: A silicate melt-H2O-CO2 solution model written in Visual Basic for excel
S. Newman, J. B. Lowenstern
2002, Computers & Geosciences (28) 597-604
We present solution models for the rhyolite-H2O-CO2 and basalt-H2O-CO2 systems at magmatic temperatures and pressures below ~ 5000 bar. The models are coded as macros written in Visual Basic for Applications, for use within MicrosoftR Excel (Office'98 and 2000). The series of macros, entitled VOLATILECALC, can calculate the following: (1)...
Assessing browse trend at the landscape level Part 2: Monitoring
R.B. Keigley, M.R. Frisina, C.W. Fager
2002, Rangelands (24) 34-38
In Part 1, we assessed browse trend across a wide geographic area of Mt. Haggin Wildlife Management Area by conducting surveys of browsing-related architectures. Those data were qualitative. Below we describe the periodic collection of quantitative data from permanently marked locations; we refer to this phase of the trend assessment...
Geographic techniques and recent applications of remote sensing to landscape-water quality studies
J. A. Griffith
2002, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (138) 181-197
This article overviews recent advances in studies of landscape-water quality relationships using remote sensing techniques. With the increasing feasibility of using remotely-sensed data, landscape-water quality studies can now be more easily performed on regional, multi-state scales. The traditional method of relating land use and land cover to water quality has...
