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Page 3100, results 77476 - 77500

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Use of macroinvertebrates to identify cultivated wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region
Ned H. Euliss Jr., David M. Mushet, Douglas H. Johnson
2001, Wetlands (21) 223-231
We evaluated the use of macroinvertebrates as a potential tool to identify dry and intensively farmed temporary and seasonal wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region. The techniques we designed and evaluated used the dried remains of invertebrates or their egg banks in soils as indicators of wetlands. For both the...
Restoring fire to wilderness: Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks
Jeffrey Manley, MaryBeth Keifer, Nathan L. Stephenson, William Kaage
2001, Fire Management Today (61) 24-28
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, established in 1890, consist of 863,741 acres (349,551 ha) of Sierra Nevada foothills, mid-elevation conifer forest, and high-elevation alpine environment. The parks contain 36 giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) groves, including the largest known tree, the General Sherman. Ninety-four percent of the parklands is in...
The Foraging Ecology of Royal and Sandwich Terns in North Carolina, USA
T.W. McGinnis, S.D. Emslie
2001, Waterbirds (24) 361-370
Population sizes of territorial male red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were determined with counts of territorial males (area count) and a Petersen-Lincoln Index method for roadsides (roadside estimate). Weather conditions and time of day did not influence either method. Combined roadside estimates had smaller error bounds than the individual...
Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999
M. Eidson, N. Komar, F. Sorhage, R. Nelson, T. Talbot, F. Mostashari, R. McLean, West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group
2001, Emerging Infectious Diseases (7) 615-620
In addition to human encephalitis and meningitis cases, the West Nile (WN) virus outbreak in the summer and fall of 1999 in New York State resulted in bird deaths in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. From August to December 1999, 295 dead birds were laboratory-confirmed with WN virus infection;...
An estimation of carrying capacity for sea otters along the California coast
K.L. Laidre, R.J. Jameson, D.P. DeMaster
2001, Marine Mammal Science (17) 294-309
Carrying capacity (K) for the California sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) was estimated as a product of the density of sea otters at equilibrium within a portion of their existing range and the total area of available habitat. Equilibrium densities were determined using the number of sea otters observed during...
Duck populations as indicators of landscape condition in the Prairie Pothole Region
Jane E. Austin, Thomas K. Buhl, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Wayne Norling, H. Thomas Sklebar
2001, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (69) 29-48
The Prairie Pothole Region of the northern Great Plains is an important region for waterfowl production because of the abundance of shallow wetlands. The ecological significance of the region and impacts from intensive agriculture prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to select it as one of the first areas for...
Lake-wide distribution of Dreissena in Lake Michigan, 1999
Guy W. Fleischer, Timothy J. Desorcie, Jeffrey D. Holuszko
2001, Journal of Great Lakes Research (27) 252-257
The Great Lakes Science Center has conducted lake-wide bottom trawl surveys of the fish community in Lake Michigan each fall since 1973. These systematic surveys are performed at depths of 9 to 110 m at each of seven index sites around Lake Michigan. Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations have expanded...
Biological structure and dynamics of littoral fish assemblages in the eastern Finger Lakes
James E. McKenna Jr.
2001, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (4) 91-114
Fish assemblages from three of the New York Finger Lakes were examined for structure within and between lakes and over time. Species-area relationships indicated that local fish assemblages are the result of recent, lake-specific events that altered the regional species pool. Fish assemblages varied among seasons and those occupying eutrophic...
Simulating the impact of human land use change on forest composition in the Great Plains agroecosystems with the Seedscape model
W.E. Easterling, J.R. Brandle, C.J. Hays, Q. Guo, D.S. Guertin
2001, Ecological Modelling (104) 163-176
The expansion and contraction of marginal cropland in the Great Plains often involves small forested strips of land that provide important ecological benefits. The effect of human disturbance on these forests is not well known. Because of their unique structure such forests are not well-represented by forest gap models. In...
Organochlorine contaminants and biomarker response in double-crested cormorants nesting in Green Bay and Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, USA
T. W. Custer, Christine M. Custer, R. K. Hines, K. L. Stromborg, P. David Allen, M. J. Melancon, D.S. Henshel
2001, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (40) 89-100
Double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs at pipping and sibling 10-day-old chicks were collected from two colonies in Green Bay, WI, one colony in Lake Michigan, WI, and reference colonies in South Dakota and Minnesota. Egg contents and chicks were analyzed for organochlorine contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners....
Fish community dynamics in northeastern Lake Ontario with emphasis on the growth and reproductive success of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and white perch (Morone americana), 1978 to1997
Robert O’Gorman, John A.D. Burnett
2001, Journal of Great Lakes Research (27) 367-383
Fishes were assessed in Guffin, Chaumount, and Black River bays in northeastern Lake Ontario with a 7.9-m (headrope) bottom trawl during late September and early October, 1978 to 1997. Fish density declined in the early 1990s with sharp declines in abundance of spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius), trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), and...
Unusual bacterioplankton community structure in ultra-oligotrophic Crater Lake
Ena Urbach, Kevin L. Vergin, Ariel Morse
2001, Limnology and Oceanography (46) 557-572
The bacterioplankton assemblage in Crater Lake, Oregon (U.S.A.), is different from communities found in other oxygenated lakes, as demonstrated by four small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (SSU rRNA) gene clone libraries and oligonucleotide probe hybridization to RNA from lake water. Populations in the euphotic zone of this deep (589 m),...
Impact of competitor species composition on predicting diameter growth and survival rates of Douglas-fir trees in southwestern Oregon
Felipe Bravo, D.W. Hann, Douglas A. Maguire
2001, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (31) 2237-2247
Mixed conifer and hardwood stands in southwestern Oregon were studied to explore the hypothesis that competition effects on individual-tree growth and survival will differ according to the species comprising the competition measure. Likewise, it was hypothesized that competition measures should extrapolate best if crown-based surrogates are given preference over diameter-based...
Recent observations of the distribution and status of bluntnose darters and crystal darters in Iowa
M.C. Bowler
2001, Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science (108) 15-18
The distribution and status of Iowa's fishes were last extensively described in Iowa Fish and Fishing (Harlan et al. 1987). Since then, numerous fish collections have been made in Iowa's interior and bordering rivers and streams. Excluding non-native species, there have been three documented accounts of new fish species distributional...
Genetic and morphologic variation in Phyllodoce empetriformis and Phyllodoce glanduliflora (Ericaceae) in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington
Regina M. Rochefort, D. L. Peterson
2001, Canadian Journal of Botany (79) 179-191
Genetic and morphological diversity of Phyllodoce empetriformis (Sw.) D. Don and Phyllodoce glanduliflora (hook.) Cov. were surveyed in Mount Rainier National Park in the Cascade Mountains of Washington State. Paired populations at high and low elevations were sampled at three study areas between 1720- and 2451-m elevation. Allozyme analysis of four polymorphic loci indicates high...
Assessing ecosystem effects of reservoir operations using food web-energy transfer and water quality models
L. Saito, B. M. Johnson, J. Bartholow, R.B. Hanna
2001, Ecosystems (4) 105-125
We investigated the effects on the reservoir food web of a new temperature control device (TCD) on the dam at Shasta Lake, California. We followed a linked modeling approach that used a specialized reservoir water quality model to forecast operation-induced changes in phytoplankton production. A food web–energy transfer model was...