Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999
M. Eidson, N. Komar, F. Sorhage, R. Nelson, T. Talbot, F. Mostashari, R. McLean, West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group
2001, Emerging Infectious Diseases (7) 615-620
In addition to human encephalitis and meningitis cases, the West Nile (WN) virus outbreak in the summer and fall of 1999 in New York State resulted in bird deaths in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. From August to December 1999, 295 dead birds were laboratory-confirmed with WN virus infection;...
[Book review] Environmental change in mountains and uplands, by Martin Beniston
Jill Baron
2001, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (82) 30-30
Review of: Environmental Change in Mountains and Uplands. Martin Beniston. ISBN13: 9780340706367, ISBN10: 0340706368. Paperback, 192 pages. May 2000....
Assessing ecosystem effects of reservoir operations using food web-energy transfer and water quality models
L. Saito, B. M. Johnson, J. Bartholow, R.B. Hanna
2001, Ecosystems (4) 105-125
We investigated the effects on the reservoir food web of a new temperature control device (TCD) on the dam at Shasta Lake, California. We followed a linked modeling approach that used a specialized reservoir water quality model to forecast operation-induced changes in phytoplankton production. A food web–energy transfer model was...
The interplay of habitat change, human disturbance and species interactions in a waterbird colony
Susan K. Skagen, Cynthia P. Melcher, Erin L. Muths
2001, American Midland Naturalist (145) 18-28
Potential responses to human disturbance at breeding colonies of waterbirds include reproductive failure, population declines and displacement from activity areas. Several additional factors, including species interactions and environmental change, can either mask or intensify the effects of human activity. This study highlights the importance of considering these factors in concert...
Economic development and conservation of biological and cultural diversity in Yunnan Province, China
Rey C. Stendell, Richard L. Johnson, J.P. Mosesso, X. Zhang
2001, Environmental Development and Sustainability (2) 333-345
Chinese and American scientists are co-operating to develop concepts, strategies, agreements, and proposals in support of an economic development and sustainable ecosystems project in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China. Yunnan's Provincial Government has initiated a major programme to develop and further utilise its biological resources to help improve economic...
A high validity census technique for herpetofaunal assemblages
G.H. Rodda, E.W. Campbell III, T. H. Fritts
2001, Herpetological Review (32) 24-30
No abstract available....
Genetic characterization of hybridization and introgression between anadromous rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) and coastal cutthroat trout (o. clarki clarki)
W.P. Young, C.O. Ostberg, P. Keim, G.H. Thorgaard
2001, Molecular Ecology (10) 921-930
Interspecific hybridization represents a dynamic evolutionary phenomenon and major conservation problem in salmonid fishes. In this study we used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers to describe the extent and characterize the pattern of hybridization and introgression between coastal rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) and coastal...
Ancient drainage basin of the Tharsis region, Mars: Potential source for outflow channel systems and putative oceans or paleolakes
J. M. Dohm, J.C. Ferris, V.R. Baker, R. C. Anderson, T.M. Hare, R.G. Strom, N.G. Barlow, K. L. Tanaka, J.E. Klemaszewski, D. H. Scott
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (106) 32943-32958
Paleotopographic reconstructions based on a synthesis of published geologic information and high-resolution topography, including topographic profiles, reveal the potential existence of an enormous drainage basin/aquifer system in the eastern part of the Tharsis region during the Noachian Period. Large topographic highs formed the margin of the gigantic drainage basin. Subsequently,...
Dietary restriction causes chronic elevation of corticosterone and enhances stress response in red-legged kittiwake chicks
A.S. Kitaysky, E.V. Kitaiskaia, J.C. Wingfield, John F. Piatt
2001, Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology (171) 701-709
Release of corticosterone in hungry kittiwake chicks facilitates begging and allows them to restore depleted energy reserves by increasing parental food provisioning. However, in order to avoid detrimental effects of chronic elevation of corticosterone, chicks might suppress adrenocortical activity in response to prolonged food shortages. In this study we examined...
Scleria lacustris (Cyperaceae), an aquatic and wetland sedge introduced to Florida
C.C. Jacono
2001, SIDA, Contributions to Botany (19) 1163-1170
A non-native species of Scleria, S. lacustris is reported from six counties and three major hydrologic regions in Florida. Biogeography and habitat in Florida are addressed. A description, key features and illustration are presented....
Effects of a test flood on fishes of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona
R.A. Valdez, T.L. Hoffnagle, C.C. McIvor, T. McKinney, W.C. Leibfried
2001, Ecological Applications (11) 686-700
A beach/habitat-building flow (i.e., test flood) of 1274 m3/s, released from Glen Canyon Dam down the Colorado River through Grand Canyon, had little effect on distribution, abundance, or movement of native fishes, and only short-term effects on densities of some nonnative species. Shoreline and backwater catch rates of native fishes,...
Local site effects and dynamic soil behavior
E. Afak
2001, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (21) 453-458
Amplitudes of seismic waves increase significantly as they pass through soft soil layers near the earth's surface. This phenomenon, commonly known as site amplification, is a major factor influencing the extent of damage on structures. It is crucial that site amplification is accounted for when designing structures on soft soils....
Precise K-Ar, 40Ar/39Ar, Rb-Sr and U/Pb mineral ages from the 27.5 Ma fish canyon tuff reference standard
M. A. Lanphere, H. Baadsgaard
2001, Chemical Geology (175) 653-671
The accuracy of ages measured using the 40Ar/39Ar technique is affected by uncertainties in the age of radiation fluence-monitor minerals. At present, there is lack of agreement about the ages of certain minerals used as fluence monitors. The accuracy of the age of a standard may be improved if the...
Proximity of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, ranges to wolf Canis lupus, pack homesites
M.E. Nelson, L.D. Mech
2001, Canadian Field-Naturalist (114) 503-504
Seven adult female White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Minnesota lived within 1.8 km of Wolf pack (Canis lupus) homesites without vacating their home ranges. Six of these deer and at least three of their fawns survived through the Wolf homesite period....
Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion
Jayne Belnap, Susan L. Phillips
2001, Ecological Applications (11) 1261-1275
Bromus tectorum is an exotic annual grass that currently dominates many western U.S. semi-arid ecosystems, and the effects of this grass on ecosystems in general, and soil biota specifically, are unknown. Bromus recently invaded two ungrazed and unburned perennial bunchgrass communities in southeastern Utah. This study compared the soil food-web...
Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming
Anna B. Wilson, Terry L. Klein, William D. Heran
2001, Open-File Report 2001-497
No abstract available....
Desertification and a shift of forest species in the West African Sahel
Patrick Gonzalez
2001, Climate Research (17) 217-228
Original field data show that forest species richness and tree density in the West African Sahel declined in the last half of the 20th century. Average forest species richness of areas of 4 km2 in Northwest Senegal fell from 64 ?? 2 species ca 1945 to 43 ?? 2 species...
Neckband retention for lesser snow geese in the western Arctic
M.D. Samuel, Diana R. Goldberg, A. E. Smith, W. Baranyuk, E.G. Cooch
2001, Journal of Wildlife Management (65) 797-807
Neckbands are commonly used in waterfowl studies (especially geese) to identify individuals for determination of movement and behavior and to estimate population parameters. Substantial neckband loss can adversely affect these research objectives and produce biased survival estimates. We used capture, recovery, and observation histories for lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens...
Singular spectrum analysis for time series with missing data
D. H. Schoellhamer
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 3187-3190
Geophysical time series often contain missing data, which prevents analysis with many signal processing and multivariate tools. A modification of singular spectrum analysis for time series with missing data is developed and successfully tested with synthetic and actual incomplete time series of suspended-sediment concentration from San Francisco Bay. This method...
Temporal and spatial variations in fly ash quality
J.C. Hower, A.S. Trimble, C.F. Eble
2001, Fuel Processing Technology (73) 37-58
Fly ash quality, both as the amount of petrographically distinguishable carbons and in chemistry, varies in both time and space. Temporal variations are a function of a number of variables. Variables can include variations in the coal blend organic petrography, mineralogy, and chemistry; variations in the pulverization of the coal,...
Arsenic in glacial drift aquifers and the implication for drinking water - Lower Illinois River Basin
K.L. Warner
2001, Ground Water (39) 433-442
The lower Illinois River Basin (LIRB) covers 47,000 km2 of central and western Illinois. In the LIRB, 90% of the ground water supplies are from the deep and shallow glacial drift aquifers. The deep glacial drift aquifer (DGDA) is below 152 m altitude, a sand and gravel deposit that fills the...
Use of radium isotopes to determine the age and origin of radioactive barite at oil-field production sites
R. A. Zielinski, J. K. Otton, J. R. Budahn
2001, Environmental Pollution (113) 299-309
Radium-bearing barite (radiobarite) is a common constituent of scale and sludge deposits that form in oil-field production equipment. The barite forms as a precipitate from radium-bearing, saline formation water that is pumped to the surface along with oil. Radioactivity levels in some oil-field equipment and in soils contaminated by scale...
Post-caldera volcanism: In situ measurement of U-Pb age and oxygen isotope ratio in Pleistocene zircons from Yellowstone caldera
I.N. Bindeman, J.W. Valley, J. L. Wooden, H.M. Persing
2001, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (189) 197-206
The Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, the site of some of the largest known silicic volcanic eruptions, is the present location of NE-migrating hotspot volcanic activity. Most volcanic rocks in the Yellowstone caldera (0.6 Ma), which formed in response to the climactic eruption of 1000 km3 of Lava Creek Tuff (LCT),...
Upper crustal structure in Puget Lowland, Washington: Results from the 1998 Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound
T.M. Brocher, T. Parsons, R.J. Blakely, N.I. Christensen, M. A. Fisher, R.E. Wells, Uri S. ten Brink, T. L. Pratt, R. S. Crosson, K. C. Creager, N. P. Symons, L.A. Preston, T. Van Wagoner, K.C. Miller, C.M. Snelson, A.M. Trehu, V.E. Langenheim, G.D. Spence, K. Ramachandran, R.A. Hyndman, D. C. Mosher, B.C. Zelt, C.S. Weaver
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 13541-13564
A new three-dimensional (3-D) model shows seismic velocities beneath the Puget Lowland to a depth of 11 km. The model is based on a tomographic inversion of nearly one million first-arrival travel times recorded during the 1998 Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound (SHIPS), allowing higher-resolution mapping of subsurface structures...
Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa)
G. M. Fellers, D. E. Green, J.E. Longcore
2001, Copeia (2001) 945-953
The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis was originally reported in wild frog populations in Panama and Australia, and from captive frogs in the U.S. National Zoological Park (Washington, DC). This recently described fungus affects the keratinized epidermis of amphibians and has been implicated as a causative factor in the declines of...
