Initial yield to depth relation for water wells drilled into crystalline bedrock - Pinardville quadrangle, New Hampshire
L.J. Drew, J.H. Schuenemeyer, T.R. Amstrong, D. M. Sutphin
2001, Ground Water (39) 676-684
A model is proposed to explain the statistical relations between the mean initial water well yields from eight time increments from 1984 to 1998 for wells drilled into the crystalline bedrock aquifer system in the Pinardville area of southern New Hampshire and the type of bedrock, mean well depth, and...
The optimal number of carboniferous series and stages
Manfred Menning, Zdzislaw Belka, Boris Chuvashov, Brian A. Engel, Peter J. Jones, Jurgen Kullmann, John Utting, Lynn Watney, Dieter Weyer
2001, Newsletters on Stratigraphy (38) 201-207
The number of global Carboniferous series and stages should be consistent with those of the neighbouring Devonian and Permian systems. Therefore, two series and seven to nine stages are preferred instead of two subsystems, seven to nine series, and 21 to 35 stages....
Asian dust events of April 1998
R.B. Husar, D.M. Tratt, B.A. Schichtel, S.R. Falke, F. Li, D. Jaffe, S. Gasso, T. Gill, N.S. Laulainen, F. Lu, M.C. Reheis, Y. Chun, D. Westphal, B.N. Holben, C. Gueymard, I. McKendry, N. Kuring, G.C. Feldman, C. McClain, R.J. Frouin, J. Merrill, D. DuBois, F. Vignola, T. Murayama, S. Nickovic, W.E. Wilson, K. Sassen, N. Sugimoto, W.C. Malm
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (106) 18317-18330
On April 15 and 19, 1998, two intense dust storms were generated over the Gobi desert by springtime low-pressure systems descending from the northwest. The windblown dust was detected and its evolution followed by its yellow color on SeaWiFS satellite images, routine surface-based monitoring, and through serendipitous observations. The April...
Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones
E.L. Geist, S.L. Bilek
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 1315-1318
Estimates of the initial size of tsunamis generated by subduction zone earthquakes are significantly affected by the choice of shear modulus at shallow depths. Analysis of over 360 circum-Pacific subduction zone earthquakes indicates that for a given seismic moment, source duration increases significantly with decreasing depth (Bilek and Lay, 1998;...
Source parameters for the 1952 Kern County earthquake, California: A joint inversion of leveling and triangulation observations
G.W. Bawden
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 771-785
Coseismic leveling and triangulation observations are used to determine the faulting geometry and slip distribution of the July 21, 1952, Mw 7.3 Kern County earthquake on the White Wolf fault. A singular value decomposition inversion is used to assess the ability of the geodetic network to resolve slip along a multisegment fault...
Dieback and episodic mortality of Cercidium microphyllum (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree
Janice E. Bowers, R. M. Turner
2001, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (128) 128-140
Past and current dieback of Cercidium microphyllum, a dominant, drought-deciduous tree in the Sonoran Desert, was investigated at Tumamoc Hill, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Logistic regression predicted that the odds of a Cercidium plant being alive should decrease with increasing circumference, association with the columnar cactus Carnegiea gigantea, and occurrence on...
Salt diapirs in the Dead Sea basin and their relationship to Quaternary extensional tectonics
A. Al-Zoubi, Uri S. ten Brink
2001, Marine and Petroleum Geology (18) 779-797
Regional extension of a brittle overburden and underlying salt causes differential loading that is thought to initiate the rise of reactive diapirs below and through regions of thin overburden. We present a modern example of a large salt diapir in the Dead Sea pull-apart basin, the Lisan diapir, which we...
Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil
D.S. Aga, E.M. Thurman
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 2455-2460
Alachlor and metolachlor are dechlorinated and transformed into their corresponding ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) metabolites in soil. In a field-disappearance study, it was shown that alachlor ESA was formed at a faster rate and at concentrations 2−4 times higher than metolachlor ESA, conforming with the observed longer...
Crustal displacements due to continental water loading
T. Van Dam, J. Wahr, P. C. D. Milly, A.B. Shmakin, G. Blewitt, D. Lavallee, K.M. Larson
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 651-654
The effects of long-wavelength (> 100 km), seasonal variability in continental water storage on vertical crustal motions are assessed. The modeled vertical displacements (??rM) have root-mean-square (RMS) values for 1994-1998 as large as 8 mm, with ranges up to 30 mm, and are predominantly annual in character. Regional strains are...
Mucous lysozyme levels in hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) early in the parr-smolt transformation
R. M. Schrock, S.D. Smith, A.G. Maule, S.K. Doulos, J.J. Rockowski
2001, Aquaculture (198) 169-177
Mucous lysozyme concentrations were determined in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and spring chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) to establish reference levels during the time associated with the parr-smolt transformation. The first reported naris and vent mucous lysozyme levels are provided for spring chinook salmon and coho salmon. Naris mucous lysozyme...
Identification of methyl halide-utilizing genes in strain IMB-1, a methyl bromide-utilizing bacterium suggests a high degree of conservation of methyl halide-specific genes in gram-negative bacteria
C.A. Woodall, K.L. Warner, R.S. Oremland, J.C. Murrell, I.R. McDonald
2001, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (67) 1959-1963
Strain IMB-1, an aerobic methylotrophic member of the alpha subgroup of the Proteobacteria, can grow with methyl bromide as a sole carbon and energy source. A single cmu gene cluster was identified in IMB-1 that contained six open reading frames: cmuC, cmuA, orf146, paaE, hutI, and partial metF. CmuA from...
Results From a Channel Restoration Project: Hydraulic Design Considerations
K.F. Karle, R.V. Densmore
Hayes D.F.Hayes D.F., editor(s)
2001, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2001 Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference
Techniques for the hydraulic restoration of placer-mined streams and floodplains were developed in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. The two-year study at Glen Creek focused on a design of stream and floodplain geometry using hydraulic capacity and shear stress equations. Slope and sinuosity values were based on regional relationships....
Guidelines for the field evaluation of desert tortoise health and disease
Kristin H. Berry, Mary M. Christopher
2001, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (37) 427-450
Field evaluation of free-ranging wildlife requires the systematic documentation of a variety of environmental conditions and individual parameters of health and disease, particularly in the case of rare or endangered species. In addition, defined criteria are needed for the humane salvage of ill or dying animals. The purpose of this...
Major-ion chemistry of the Rocky Mountain snowpack, USA
J.T. Turk, Howard E. Taylor, G.P. Ingersoll, K.A. Tonnessen, D. W. Clow, M.A. Mast, K. Campbell, J.M. Melack
2001, Atmospheric Environment (35) 3957-3966
During 1993-97, samples of the full depth of the Rocky Mountain snowpack were collected at 52 sites from northern New Mexico to Montana and analyzed for major-ion concentrations. Concentrations of acidity, sulfate, nitrate, and calcium increased from north to south along the mountain range. In the northern part of the...
Resolution analysis of finite fault source inversion using one- and three-dimensional Green's functions 1. Strong motions
R.W. Graves, D.J. Wald
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 8745-8766
We develop a methodology to perform finite fault source inversions from strong motion data using Green's functions (GFs) calculated for a three-dimensional (3-D) velocity structure. The 3-D GFs are calculated numerically by inserting body forces at each of the strong motion sites and then recording the resulting strains along the...
Effect of storm trajectories on snowfall chemistry in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
G.P. Ingersoll, K.A. Tonnessen, K. Campbell, B.R. Glass, A.O. Torizzo
2001, Conference Paper, Proceedings of The Western Snow Conference
Snowfall samples from snowstorms lasting 1 to 4 days were collected near the Bear Lake snow telemetry (SnoTel) site in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado (ROMO), during the 1998-99 snowfall season to determine if storms moving in from different directions affect the chemistry of precipitation in the park. Storm pathways...
Lithodiversity and its spatial association with metallic mineral sites, Great Basin of Nevada
M.J. Mihalasky, G. F. Bonham-Carter
2001, Natural Resources Research (10) 209-226
Geographical information system (GIS) techniques were used to investigate the spatial association between metallic mineral sites and lithodiversity in Nevada. Mineral site data sets include various size and type subsets of about 5,500 metal-bearing occurrences and deposits. Lithodiversity was calculated by counting the number of unique geological map units within...
Effects of clay dispersion on aquifer storage and recovery in coastal aquifers
Leonard F. Konikow, L.L. August, C.I. Voss
2001, Transport in Porous Media (43) 45-64
Cyclic injection, storage, and withdrawal of freshwater in brackish aquifers is a form of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) that can beneficially supplement water supplies in coastal areas. A 1970s field experiment in Norfolk, Virginia, showed that clay dispersion in the unconsolidated sedimentary aquifer occurred because of cation exchange on...
The crazy hollow formation (Eocene) of central Utah
M. P. Weiss, K.N. Warner
2001, Brigham Young University Geology Studies (46) 143-161
The Late Eocene Crazy Hollow Formation is a fluviatile and lacustrine unit that was deposited locally in the southwest arm of Lake Uinta during and after the last stages of the lake the deposited the Green River Formation. Most exposures of the Crazy Hollow are located in Sanpete and Sevier...
Dynamics of carbon dioxide emission at Mammoth Mountain, California
J.D. Rogie, Derrill M. Kerrick, M.L. Sorey, G. Chiodini, D. L. Galloway
2001, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (188) 535-541
Mammoth Mountain, a dormant volcano in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, has been passively degassing large quantities of cold magmatic CO2 since 1990 following a 6-month-long earthquake swarm associated with a shallow magmatic intrussion in 1989. A search for any link between gas discharge and volcanic hazard at this popular...
Some suggested future directions of quantitative resource assessments
D.A. Singer
2001, Diqiu Kexue - Zhongguo Dizhi Daxue Xuebao/Earth Science - Journal of China University of Geosciences (26) 152-156
Future quantitative assessments will be expected to estimate quantities, values, and locations of undiscovered mineral resources in a form that conveys both economic viability and uncertainty associated with the resources. Historically, declining metal prices point to the need for larger deposits over time. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the greatest opportunity...
Abiotic vs. biotic influences on habitat selection of coexisting species: Climate change impacts?
T. E. Martin
2001, Ecology (82) 175-188
Species are commonly segregated along gradients of microclimate and vegetation. I explore the question of whether segregation is the result of microhabitat partitioning (biotic effects) or choice of differing microclimates (abiotic effects). I explored this question for four ground-nesting bird species that are segregated along a microclimate and vegetation gradient...
Mineralogy of the last lunar basalts: Results from Clementine
M.I. Staid, C.M. Pieters
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (106) 27887-27900
The last major phase of lunar volcanism produced extensive high-titanium mare deposits on the western nearside which remain unsampled by landing missions. The visible and near-infrared reflectance properties of these basalts are examined using Clementine multispectral images to better constrain their mineralogy. A much stronger 1 μm ferrous absorption was...
Nature and transformation of dissolved organic matter in treatment wetlands
L. B. Barber, J.A. Leenheer, T.I. Noyes, E.A. Stiles
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 4805-4816
This investigation into the occurrence, character, and transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in treatment wetlands in the western United States shows that (i) the nature of DOM in the source water has a major influence on transformations that occur during treatment, (ii) the climate factors have a secondary effect...
Strong motion instrumentation of an RC building structure
H.-J. Li, M. Çelebi
2001, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration (21) 35-39
The strong-motion instrumentation scheme of a reinforced concrete building observed by California Strong-Motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP) is introduced in this paper. The instrumented building is also described and the recorded responses during 1994 Northridge earthquake are provided....
