SH-wave refraction/reflection and site characterization
Z. Wang, R.L. Street, E.W. Woolery, I. P. Madin
2000, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
Traditionally, nonintrusive techniques used to characterize soils have been based on P-wave refraction/reflection methods. However, near-surface unconsolidated soils are oftentimes water-saturated, and when groundwater is present at a site, the velocity of the P-waves is more related to the compressibility of the pore water than to the matrix of the...
The United States Board on Geographic Names: Standardization or regulation?
R.L. Payne
2000, Names (48) 177-192
The United States Board on Geographic Names was created in 1890 to standardize the use of geographic names on federal maps and documents, and was established in its present form in 1947 by public law. The Board is responsible for geographic name usage and application throughout the federal government and...
Effects of neck collars and radiotransmitters on survival and reproduction of emperor geese
Joel A. Schmutz, Julie A. Morse
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 231-237
Neck collars have been used widely for studies of goose population biology. Despite concerns about their negative impacts, few studies have employed designs capable of clearly demonstrating these effects. During a 1993-98 study of emperor geese (Chen canagica), we contrasted survival and reproduction of geese marked with tarsal bands to...
Schaben field, Kansas: Improving performance in a Mississippian shallow-shelf carbonate
Scott L. Montgomery, E. K. Franseen, S. Bhattacharya, P. Gerlach, A. Byrnes, W. Guy, T.R. Carr
2000, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (84) 1069-1086
Schaben field (Kansas), located along the northeastern shelf of the Hugoton embayment, produces from Mississippian carbonates in erosional highs immediately beneath a regional unconformity. Production comes from depths of around 4400 ft (1342 m) in partially dolomitized shelf deposits. A detailed reservoir characterization/simulation study, recently performed as part of a...
Uncertain nest fates in songbird studies and variation in Mayfield estimation
J.C. Manolis, D. E. Andersen, F.J. Cuthbert
2000, The Auk (117) 615-626
Determining whether nesting attempts are successful can be difficult. Yet, current protocols for estimating nesting success do not address how uncertain nest fates should be handled. We examined the problem of nest-fate uncertainty as it relates to Mayfield estimation of nesting success and in analyses of factors that influence success....
Variability of site response in Seattle, Washington
S. Hartzell, D. Carver, E. Cranswick, A. Frankel
2000, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (90) 1237-1250
Ground motion from local earthquakes and the SHIPS (Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound) experiment is used to estimate site amplification factors in Seattle. Earthquake and SHIPS records are analyzed by two methods: (1) spectral ratios relative to a nearby site on Tertiary sandstone, and (2) a source/site spectral inversion...
Colloid formation and metal transport through two mixing zones affected by acid mine drainage near Silverton, Colorado
L. E. Schemel, B. A. Kimball, K.E. Bencala
2000, Applied Geochemistry (15) 1003-1018
Stream discharges and concentrations of dissolved and colloidal metals (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn), SO4, and dissolved silica were measured to identify chemical transformations and determine mass transports through two mixing zones in the Animas River that receive the inflows from Cement and Mineral Creeks. The...
Determination of hydrologic pathways during snowmelt for alpine/subalpine basins, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
Julie K. Suecker, Joseph N. Ryan, Carol Kendall, Robert D. Jarrett
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 63-75
Alpine/subalpine ecosystems in Rocky Mountain National Park may be sensitive to atmospherically derived acidic deposition. Two‐ and three‐component hydrograph separation analyses and correlation analyses were performed for six basins to provide insight into streamflow generation during snowmelt and to assess basin sensitivity to acidic deposition. Three‐component hydrograph separation results for...
Sampling for mercury at subnanogram per litre concentrations for load estimation in rivers
J.A. Colman, R.F. Breault
2000, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (57) 1073-1079
Estimation of constituent loads in streams requires collection of stream samples that are representative of constituent concentrations, that is, composites of isokinetic multiple verticals collected along a stream transect. An all-Teflon isokinetic sampler (DH-81) cleaned in 75??C, 4 N HCl was tested using blank, split, and replicate samples to assess...
Three-dimensional oxygen isotope imaging of convective fluid flow around the Big Bonanza, Comstock lode mining district, Nevada
R.E. Criss, M.J. Singleton, D.E. Champion
2000, Economic Geology (95) 131-142
Oxygen isotope analyses of propylitized andesites from the Con Virginia and California mines allow construction of a detailed, three-dimensional image of the isotopic surfaces produced by the convective fluid flows that deposited the famous Big Bonanza orebody. On a set of intersecting maps and sections, the δ18O isopleths clearly show...
Bed material transport in the Virgin River, Utah
E.D. Andrews
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 585-596
Detailed information concerning the rate and particle size distribution of bed material transport by streamflows can be very difficult and expensive to obtain, especially where peak streamflows are brief and bed material is poorly sorted, including some very large boulders. Such streams, however, are common in steep, arid watersheds. Any...
Infectious bursal disease virus antibodies in eider ducks and Herring Gulls
T. Hollmen, J. Christian Franson, Douglas E. Docherty, Mikaei Kilpi, Martti Hario, Lynn H. Creekmore, Margaret R. Petersen
2000, Condor (102) 688-691
We measured antibodies to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in blood of nesting Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) females and immature Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) in the Baltic Sea, and in blood of Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) females nesting in a remote area of western Alaska. Positive (≥ 1:16) IBDV titers...
Adsorption and fractionation of a muck fulvic acid on kaolinite and goethite at pH 3.7,6, and 8
K. Namjesnik-Dejanovic, P.A. Maurice, G. R. Aiken, S. Cabaniss, Y.-P. Chin, M.J. Pullin
2000, Soil Science (165) 545-559
Molecular weight (MW) of humic materials is a key factor controlling proton and metal binding and organic pollutant partitioning. Several studies have suggested preferential adsorption of higher MW, more aromatic moieties to mineral surfaces; quantification of such processes is fundamental to development of predictive models. We used high pressure size...
Tephrochronology of the Brooks River Archaeological District, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska: What can and cannot be done with tephra deposits
J.R. Riehle, D.E. Dumond, C.E. Meyer, J.M. Schaaf
2000, Book chapter, The archaeology of geological catastrophes
The Brooks River Archaeological District (BRAD) in Katmai National Park and Preserve is a classical site for the study of early humans in Alaska. Because of proximity to the active Aleutian volcanic arc, there are numerous tephra deposits in the BRAD, which are potentially useful for correlating among sites of...
New species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with observations on the Nearctic species
S.V. Fend, R.O. Brinkhurst
2000, Hydrobiologia (428) 1-59
The Nearctic species of Rhynchelmis (Lumbriculidae) are distinguished frown the Palearctic group Rhynchelmis s. str. by longitudinal muscle bands that do not curl inwards. Six new species from western North America support the existence of two major groupings within the Nearctic fauna. Species in Group 1 are distinguished from other...
A model for the magmatic-hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington, from seismic and geochemical observations
S.C. Moran, D. R. Zimbelman, S. D. Malone
2000, Bulletin of Volcanology (61) 425-436
Mount Rainier is one of the most seismically active volcanoes in the Cascade Range, with an average of one to two high-frequency volcano-tectonic (or VT) earthquakes occurring directly beneath the summit in a given month. Despite this level of seismicity, little is known about its cause. The VT earthquakes occur...
From safe yield to sustainable development of water resources - The Kansas experience
M. Sophocleous
2000, Journal of Hydrology (235) 27-43
This paper presents a synthesis of water sustainability issues from the hydrologic perspective. It shows that safe yield is a flawed concept and that sustainability is an idea that is broadly used but perhaps not well understood. In general, the sustainable yield of an aquifer must be considerably less than...
Direct comparison of XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction for arsenic speciation in coal
Frank E. Huggins, G.P. Huffman, A. Kolker, S. Mroczkowski, C.A. Palmer, R. B. Finkelman
2000, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints (45) 547-551
The speciation of arsenic in an Ohio bituminous coal and a North Dakota lignite has been examined by the complementary methods of arsenic XAFS spectroscopy and sequential extraction by aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate, HCl, HF, and HNO3. In order to facilitate a more direct comparison of the two methods,...
Linear and nonlinear sorption of nonpolar and polar organic compounds from water to soil
C. T. Chiou
2000, Conference Paper, ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints
[No abstract available]...
Growth and food consumption by tiger muskellunge: Effects of temperature and ration level on bioenergetic model predictions
Steven R. Chipps, Lisa M. Einfalt, David H. Wahl
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 186-193
We measured growth of age-0 tiger muskellunge as a function of ration size (25, 50, 75, and 100% Cmax) and water temperature (7.5–25°C) and compared experimental results with those predicted from a bioenergetic model. Discrepancies between actual and predicted values varied appreciably with water temperature and growth rate. On average,...
Geochemical influences on assimilation of sediment-bound metals in clams and mussels
S.B. Griscom, N.S. Fisher, S. N. Luoma
2000, Environmental Science & Technology (34) 91-99
A series of experiments was performed to evaluate the extent to which Cd, Co, Ag, Se, Cr, and Zn bound to sediments with different geochemical properties could be assimilated by the mussel Mytilus edulis and the clam Macoma balthica. Oxidized and reduced radiolabeled sediments were fed to suspension-feeding animals, the...
Cadmium toxicity among wildlife in the Colorado Rocky Mountains
J.R. Larison, G.E. Likens, J.W. Fitzpatrick, J.G. Crock
2000, Nature (406) 181-183
Cadmium is known to be both extremely toxic and ubiquitous in natural environments. It occurs in almost all soils, surface waters and plants, and it is readily mobilized by human activities such as mining. As a result, cadmium has been named as a potential health threat to wildlife species; however,...
Effects of the flood of 1993 on the chemical characteristics of bed sediments in the Upper Mississippi River
J. A. Moody, J.F. Sullivan, Howard E. Taylor
2000, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (117) 329-351
Concentrations of pollutants stored in the surficial bed sediments in the navigation pools of the Upper Mississippi River showed a general decrease after the record flood of 1993. Percent clay and total organic carbon in the surficial sediments decreased as a result of an increase in the proportion of coarser...
Style and age of late Oligocene-early Miocene deformation in the southern Stillwater Range, west central Nevada: Paleomagnetism, geochronology, and field relations
Mark R. Hudson, David A. John, James E. Conrad, Edwin H. McKee
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (105) 929-954
Paleomagnetic and geochronologic data combined with geologic mapping tightly restrict the timing and character of a late Oligocene to early Miocene episode of large magnitude extension in the southern Stillwater Range and adjacent regions of west central Nevada. The southern Stillwater Range was the site of an Oligocene to early...
Strain accumulation across the Eastern California Shear Zone at latitude 36°30'N
Weijun Gan, Jerry L. Svarc, J.C. Savage, W.H. Prescott
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (105) 16229-16236
The motion of a linear array of monuments extending across the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) has been measured from 1994 to 1999 with the Global Positioning System. The linear array is oriented N54°E, perpendicular to the tangent to the local small circle drawn about the Pacific-North America pole of...
