Consequences of slow growth for 230Th/U dating of Quaternary opals, Yucca Mountain, NV, USA
L.A. Neymark, J.B. Paces
2000, Chemical Geology (164) 143-160
Thermal ionization mass-spectrometry 234U/238U and 230Th/238U data are reported for uranium-rich opals coating fractures and cavities within the silicic tuffs forming Yucca Mountain, NV, the potential site of a high-level radioactive waste repository. High uranium concentrations (up to 207 ppm) and extremely high 230Th/232Th activity ratios (up to about 106)...
Variability in winter mass balance of Northern Hemisphere glaciers and relations with atmospheric circulation
G.J. McCabe, A. G. Fountain, M. Dyurgerov
2000, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (32) 64-72
An analysis of variability in the winter mass balance (WMB) of 22 glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere indicates two primary modes of variability that explain 46% of the variability among all glaciers. The first mode of variability characterizes WMB variability in Northern and Central Europe and the second mode primarily...
Correlates to colonizations of new patches by translocated populations of bighorn sheep
F. J. Singer, M.E. Moses, S. Bellew, W. Sloan
2000, Restoration Ecology (8) 66-74
By 1950, bighorn sheep were extirpated from large areas of their range. Most extant populations of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in the Intermountain West consist of <100 individuals occurring in a fragmented distribution across the landscape. Dispersal and successful colonizations of unoccupied habitat patches has been rarely reported, and, in...
Effects of long-term changes in the benthic community on yellow perch in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
Jeffrey S. Schaeffer, James S. Diana, Robert C. Haas
2000, Journal of Great Lakes Research (26) 340-351
Abundance, mortality, age and growth, food habits, and energetics of a yellow perch Perca flavescens population were investigated in eutrophic Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron during May to October, 1986 to 1988, and compared population characteristics with historical data from times when eutrophic conditions were less severe. During 1986 to 1988,...
Effects of thiamine on reproduction of Atlantic salmon and a new hypothesis for their extirpation in Lake Ontario
H. George Ketola, Paul R. Bowser, Gregory A. Wooster, Leslie R. Wedge, Steven S. Hurst
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 607-612
Previous researchers demonstrated that a mortality in fry (called Cayuga syndrome) of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from Cayuga Lake (New York) was associated with low levels of thiamine. They reduced the mortality of fry by bathing or injecting fry with thiamine. We injected four to six gravid female Atlantic salmon with either...
ARD remediation with limestone in a CO2 pressurized reactor
Philip L. Sibrell, Barnaby J. Watten, Andrew E. Friedrich, Brian J. Vinci
2000, Conference Paper, Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage
We evaluated a new process for remediation of acid rock drainage (ARD). The process treats ARD with intermittently fluidized beds of granular limestone maintained within a continuous flow reactor pressurized with CO2. Tests were performed over a thirty day period at the Toby Creek mine drainage treatment plant, Elk County,...
Non-native grasses and fires create double jeopardy
T. Esque, C. Schwalbe
2000, People, Land, and Water 26
No abstract available at this time...
The mountain that moved: geologic wonders of the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Forest Service
2000, Report
Prehistoric, giant landslides in Montgomery and Craig Counties, Va., in the Blacksburg/Wythe Ranger Districts of the Jefferson National Forest, are the largest known landslides in eastern North America and are among the largest in the world. One of the landslides is more than 3 miles long! The ancient, giant landslides...
USGS GeoData
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2000, Report
No abstract available....
Shifts in depth distributions of alewives, rainbow smelt, and age-2 lake trout in southern Lake Ontario following establishment of Dreissenids
Robert O’Gorman, Joseph H. Elrod, Randall W. Owens, Clifford P. Schneider, Thomas H. Eckert, Brian F. Lantry
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 1096-1106
In the mid-1990s, biologists conducting assessments of fish stocks in Lake Ontario reported finding alewives Alosa pseudoharengus, rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, and juvenile lake trout Salvelinus namaycush at greater depths than in the mid-1980s. To determine if depth distributions shifted coincident with the early 1990s colonization of Lake Ontario by exotic Dreissena mussels, we calculated mean...
Using linear models with correlated errors to analyze changes in abundance of Lake Michigan fishes: 1973-1992
Mary C. Fabrizio, Jonathan Raz, Ramanath R. Bandekar
2000, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (57) 775-788
We examined annual changes in relative abundance of Lake Michigan fishes using linear models with correlated errors in space and time. Abundance of bloater (Coregonus hoyi), deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsoni), slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) was monitored with bottom trawls at 10 discrete...
Pesticides in the atmosphere of the Mississippi River Valley, part I: Rain
M.S. Majewski, W.T. Foreman, D. A. Goolsby
2000, Science of Total Environment (248) 201-212
Weekly composite rainfall samples were collected in three paired urban and agricultural regions of the Midwestern United States and along the Mississippi River during April–September 1995. The paired sampling sites were located in Mississippi, Iowa, and Minnesota. A background site, removed from dense urban and agriculture...
Lipid concentrations in Lake Michigan fishes: Seasonal, spatial, ontogenetic, and long-term trends
Charles P. Madenjian, Robert F. Elliott, Timothy J. Desorcie, Ralph M. Stedman, Daniel V. O’Connor, Donald V. Rottiers
2000, Journal of Great Lakes Research (26) 427-444
Lipid concentrations were measured in seven species of fish from several locations in Lake Michigan during spring, summer, and fall in 1994 to 1995. Adult alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and age-2 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) exhibited pronounced seasonal changes in lipid content. Adult alewives averaged 7.4% lipid, on a wet weight...
Reduction in recruitment of white bass in Lake Erie after invasion of white perch
Charles P. Madenjian, Roger L. Knight, Michael Bur, John L. Forney
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 1340-1353
Recruitment to the adult population of white bass Morone chrysops in Lake Erie sharply declined during the early 1980s. To explain this phenomenon, we formulated the following four hypotheses: (1) the biological characteristics of adult spawners changed during the early 1980s, so that the ability to produce eggs decreased; (2) the decrease...
Nectar plant selection by the Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) at the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
Ralph Grundel, Noel B. Pavlovic, Christina L. Sulzman
2000, American Midland Naturalist (144) 1-10
The Karner blue butterfly, Lycaeides melissa samuelis, is an endangered species residing in savanna and barrens habitats in the Midwest and Northeast United States. To improve our understanding of nectar plant selection patterns by the Karner blue, we examined nectar plant choices made by 146 butterflies. Within observation areas of 2-m radius...
First record of Daphnia lumholtzi Sars in the Great Lakes
Christopher J. Muzinic
2000, Journal of Great Lakes Research (26) 352-354
Adults of the cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi, native to Australia, Africa, and parts of Asia, were first collected in August 1999 in Lake Erie. Individuals were collected near East Harbor State Park, Lakeside, Ohio from vertical plankton net tows. The average number of D. lumholtzi that were found (0.03/L) indicate that D. lumholtzi is beginning to...
Parent brine of the castile evaporites (Upper Permian), Texas and New Mexico
Douglas W. Kirkland, Rodger E. Denison, Walter E. Dean
2000, Journal of Sedimentary Research (70) 749-761
The Upper Permian (lower Ochoan) Castile Formation is a major evaporite sequence (∼10,000 km3) of calcite, anhydrite, and halite in west Texas and southeastern New Mexico. Traditionally the Castile brine has been considered to have been derived from seawater. This tradition has recently been challenged by two versions of the...
Application of GPS and GIS to map channel features in Walnut Creek, Iowa
K. E. Schilling, C.F. Wolter
2000, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (36) 1423-1434
A 12-km reach of Walnut Creek was mapped at the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge in Jasper County, Iowa to identify and prioritize areas of the stream channel in need of further investigation or restoration. Channel features, including streambank conditions, bottom sediment materials and thickness, channel cross-sections, debris dams, tile...
Asymmetric hybridization and introgression between pink salmon and chinook salmon in the Laurentian Great Lakes
Jonathan A. Rosenfield, Thomas Todd, Roger Greil
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 670-679
Among Pacific salmon collected in the St. Marys River, five natural hybrids of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and one suspected backcross have been detected using morphologic, meristic, and color evidence. One allozyme (LDH, l-lactate dehydrogenase from muscle) and one nuclear DNA locus (growth hormone)...
Declines of greater and lesser scaup populations: issues, hypotheses, and research needs
J. E. Austin, A. D. Afton, M.G. Anderson, R. G. Clark, Christine M. Custer, J. Lawrence, J.B. Pollard, J.K. Ringelman
2000, Wildlife Society Bulletin (28) 254-263
The population estimate for greater (Aythya marila) and lesser (Aythya affinis) scaup (combined) has declined dramatically since the early 1980s to record lows in 1998. The 1998 estimate of 3.47 million scaup is far below the goal of 6.3 million set in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP), causing...
A new approach toward evaluation of fish bioenergetics models
Charles P. Madenjian, Daniel V. O’Connor, David A. Nortrup
2000, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (57) 1025-1032
A new approach was used to evaluate the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Lake trout in laboratory tanks were fed alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), prey typical of lake trout in Lake Michigan. Food consumption and growth by lake trout during the...
Seasonal changes in ruffe abundance in two Lake Superior tributaries: Implications for control
William H. Horns, William P. Brown, Scott R. Hulse, Charles R. Bronte
2000, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (20) 822-826
Since the discovery of ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus in the St. Louis River in 1987, state, federal, and tribal management agencies have sought to slow its spread to areas outside the western end of Lake Superior. A debate over control strategies highlighted uncertainties about seasonal movements of this species between Lake Superior and...
Optimum temperature for growth and preferred temperatures of age-0 lake trout
Thomas A. Edsall, Joshua Cleland
2000, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (20) 804-809
This study was performed to determine the thermal preferences and optimum temperature for growth of age-0 lake trout Salvelinus namaycush to help predict the thermal habitat they select when they leave the spawning grounds and to assess the risk posed to them in the Great Lakes by piscivorus, nonnative fishes whose thermal...
Effects of neck bands on survival of greater snow geese
S. Menu, J.B. Hestbeck, G. Gauthier, A. Reed
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 544-552
Neck bands are a widely used marker in goose research. However, few studies have investigated a possible negative effect of this marker on survival. We tested the effect of neck bands on the survival of adult female greater snow geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica) by marking birds with either a neck...
Age and growth of pike (Esox lucius) in Chivyrkui Bay, Lake Baikal
Randall W. Owens, Nikolai M. Pronin
2000, Journal of Great Lakes Research (26) 164-173
The purpose of this study was to describe age and growth of pike (Esox lucius) in Lake Baikal. Pike were collected with gill nets and by angling in Chivyrkui Bay in late July-early August 1993 and by gill nets in June 1995. Total length (mm), weight (g), and...
