Lead exposure in passerines inhabiting lead-contaminated floodplains in the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA
G.D. Johnson, D. J. Audet, John W. Kern, L. J. LeCaptain, M.D. Strickland, D. J. Hoffman, L.L. McDonald
1999, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (18) 1190-1194
Blood collected from song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) and American robins (Turdus migratorius) captured with mist nets in a lead-contaminated (assessment) area and nearby uncontaminated (reference) areas within the Coeur d'Alene Basin in northern Idaho was analyzed for δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (ALAD) and hematocrit levels,...
Birds and the Animal Welfare Act
Glenn H. Olsen
1999, Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery (13) 79-80
Identification and distribution of cotton rats, genus Sigmodon (Muridae: Sigmodontinae), of Nayarit, M?xico
M.D. Carleton, R.D. Fisher, A. L. Gardner
1999, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (112) 813-856
Morphological, chromosomal, distributional, and ecological data are presented for three species of Sigmodon (S. alleni, S. arizonae, and S. mascotensis) from the state of Nayarit, Mexico. The species were collected in all possible pairwise combinations of sympatry, including the first record of such documented for S. arizonae and S....
Sex determination of the Acadian Flycatcher using discriminant analysis
R.R. Wilson
1999, Journal of Field Ornithology (70) 514-519
I used five morphometric variables from 114 individuals captured in Arkansas to develop a discriminant model to predict the sex of Acadian Flycatchers (Empidonax virescens). Stepwise discriminant function analyses selected wing chord and tail length as the most parsimonious subset of variables for discriminating sex. This two-variable model...
Effects of landscape composition and wetland fragmentation on frog and toad abundance and species richness in Iowa and Wisconsin, USA
M. G. Knutson, J.R. Sauer, D.A. Olsen, M.J. Mossman, L.M. Hemesath, M.J. Lannoo
1999, Conservation Biology (13) 1437-1446
Management of amphibian populations to reverse recent declines will require defining high-quality habitat for individual species or groups of species, followed by efforts to retain or restore these habitats on the landscape. We examined landscape-level habitat relationships for frogs and toads by measuring associations between relative abundance and species richness...
Quantitative studies of bird movement: A methodological review
J.D. Nichols, A. Kaiser
1999, Bird Study (46) S289-S298
The past several years have seen development of a number of statistical models and methods for drawing inferences about bird movement using data from marked individuals. It can be difficult to keep up with this rapid development of new methods, so our purpose here is to categorize and review...
Contribution of research to management and recovery of the roseate tern: review of a twelve-year project
I.C.T. Nisbet, J. A. Spendelow
1999, Waterbirds (22) 239-252
The Northwest Atlantic population of the Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii) is largely confined to a small breeding area along the northeast coast of the USA between 40? and 42?N. This population was listed as endangered in the USA in 1987 because it was dangerously concentrated into a few breeding...
COMDYN: Software to study the dynamics of animal communities using a capture-recapture approach
J.E. Hines, T. Boulinier, J.D. Nichols, J.R. Sauer, K. H. Pollock
1999, Bird Study (46) S209-S217
COMDYN is a set of programs developed for estimation of parameters associated with community dynamics using count data from two locations or time periods. It is Internet-based, allowing remote users either to input their own data, or to use data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey for analysis....
Does nonrandom nest placement imply nonrandom nest predation?: A reply
R.J. Cooper, R.R. Wilson, G.D. Zenitsky, S.J. Mullin, J.D. Dececco, M.R. Marshall, D.J. Wolf, Lars Y. Pomara
1999, Condor (101) 920-923
In response to the critique by Schmidt and Whelan (Condor 101(4):916-920, 1999), we find that the relationship between nest success and tree selectivity is dependent upon inclusion or exclusion of particular tree species, whether or not years are pooled, and the selectivity index used. We question their use of...
Low abundance of microsatellite repeats in the genome of the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater)
Jonathan L. Longmire, D.C. Hahn, J.L. Roach
1999, Journal of Heredity (90) 574-578
A cosmid library made from brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) DNA was examined for representation of 17 distinct microsatellite motifs including all possible mono-, di-, and trinucleotide microsatellites, and the tetranucleotide repeat (GATA)n. The overall density of microsatellites within cowbird DNA was found to be one repeat per 89 kb and...
Program RDSURVIV: An estimation tool for capture-recapture data collected under Pollock's robust design
W. L. Kendall, J.E. Hines
1999, Bird Study (46) S32-S38
Several papers have demonstrated the advantages of collecting capture- recapture data using subsamples (i.e. Pollock's robust design). Compared with a standard design (i.e. one sample per period), this approach (1) permits the estimation of more demographic parameters and (2) in many cases produces more efficient estimators. Program SURVIV is a...
Organochlorine contaminants and reproductive success of double-crested cormorants from Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
T. W. Custer, Christine M. Custer, R. K. Hines, S. Gutreuter, K. L. Stromborg, P. David Allen, M. J. Melancon
1999, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (18) 1209-1217
In 1994 and 1995, nesting success of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) was measured at Cat Island, in southern Green Bay, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, USA. Sample eggs at pipping and unhatched eggs were collected and analyzed for organochlorines (including total polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] and DDE), hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (EROD) activity in...
May the forethought (and studies) be with your campsite-protection planning!
J. L. Marion, R. D. Proudman
1999, Register (23) 12-15
Visitation has reached record levels along the Appalachian Trail, a 2000+ mile footpath extending from Maine to Georgia along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. Camping impacts associated with this use have also expanded rapidly in recent years, particularly in popular National Parks and at attraction features such as...
Scrub-successional bird community dynamics in young and mature longleaf pine-wiregrass savannahs
D.G. Krementz, J.S. Christie
1999, Journal of Wildlife Management (63) 803-814
Public agencies are required to manage for threatened and endangered species and for biodiversity. However, at times, management for threatened and endangered species precludes consideration of other species. We investigated how managing for red-cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) and biodiversity at the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, affected...
Siblicide, splayed-toes-flight display, and grappling in the Saker Falcon
D. H. Ellis, P.L. Whitlock, Pu Tsengeg, R.W. Nelson
1999, Journal of Raptor Research (33) 164-167
We observed two incidents of novel social behavior in the saker falcon (Falco cherrug) in Mongolia. First, we provide an account of a two-week-old saker falcon chick killing its nest mate, the first direct observation of siblicide in the genus Falco. We also report aerial combat between three...
Preliminary survey for entomopathogenic fungi associated with Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern New York and New England, USA
Elyes Zhioua, Howard S. Ginsberg, Richard A. Humber, Roger A. LeBrun
1999, Journal of Medical Entomology (36) 635-637
Free-living larval, nymphal, and adult Ixodes scapularis Say were collected from scattered locales in southern New England and New York to determine infection rates with entomopathogenic fungi. Infection rates of larvae, nymphs, males, and females were 0% (571), 0% (272), 0% (57), and 4.3% (47), respectively. Two entomopathogenic...
Density and habitat of breeding Swallow-tailed Kites in the lower Suwannee ecosystem, Florida
P.W. Sykes Jr., C. B. Kepler, K.L. Litzenberger, H.R. Sansing, E.T.R. Lewis, Jeff S. Hatfield
1999, Journal of Field Ornithology (70) 321-336
Historically the Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus) bred in the United States in at least 16 eastern states. Currently it is restricted to seven southeastern states, with most of its breeding range in Florida. Breeding Bird Surveys indicate a declining trend for this Neotropical migrant in most of Florida....
Metal and sediment ingestion by dabbling ducks
W. N. Beyer, J. Spann, D. Day
1999, Science of the Total Environment (231) 235-239
The chemical analysis of intestinal digesta from hunter-killed carcasses or of wildlife scat is a promising means of estimating the exposure of wildlife to those environmental contaminants that, like lead, are poorly absorbed in the digestive tract. When evaluating contaminants at a site, biologists may find the results of this non-destructive approach more...
A model to predict breeding-season productivity for multibrooded songbirds
L.A. Powell, M.J. Conroy, D.G. Krementz, J. D. Lang
1999, The Auk (116) 1001-1008
Breeding-season productivity (the per capita number of offspring surviving to the end of the breeding season) is seldom estimated for multibrooded songbirds because of cost and logistical constraints. However, this parameter is critical for predictions of population growth rates and comparisons of seasonal productivity across geographic or temporal scales. We...
Impact of forest type and management strategy on avian densities in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA
D.J. Twedt, R.R. Wilson, J. L. Henne-Kerr, R.B. Hamilton
1999, Forest Ecology and Management (123) 261-274
Avian territory densities were determined from 20 Breeding Bird Censuses in mature (>30 years) bottomland hardwood stand: and 18 Breeding Bird Censuses in young (6-9 years old) cottonwood (Populas deltoides) plantations in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Avian species richness, diversity, and territory density were greater (p < 0.01) in...
Golden Eagle predation on experimental Sandhill and Whooping Cranes
D. H. Ellis, Kent R. Clegg, J. C. Lewis, E. Spaulding
1999, Condor (101) 664-666
There are very few published records of Golden Eagles preying upon cranes, especially in North America. During our experiments to lead cranes on migration behind motorized craft in the western United States, we experienced 15 attacks (four fatal) and believe many more attacks would have occurred (and more would...
Aspects of chick growth in Gull-billed Terns in coastal Virginia
R.M. Erwin, T.B. Eyler, Daniel B. Stotts, Jeff S. Hatfield
1999, Waterbirds (22) 47-53
Because of concerns about apparent population declines and low productivity of Gull-billed Terns (Sterna nilotica) along the coast of Virginia, we investigated whether food limitations may result in retarded growth rates of young. Several colonies of Gull-billed Terns were monitored from May to July each year from 1994 to...
Aspects of hatching success and chick survival in Gull-billed Terns in coastal Virginia
T.B. Eyler, R.M. Erwin, Daniel B. Stotts, Jeff S. Hatfield
1999, Waterbirds (22) 54-59
Because of a long-term population decline in Gull-billed Terns (Sterna nilotica) nesting along the coast of Virginia, we began a three year study in 1994 to monitor hatching success and survival of Gull-billed Tern chicks at several Virginia colony sites. Colonies were located on either small, storm-deposited shellpiles along...
Case 3058. Arctocephalus F. Cuvier, 1826 and Callorhinus Gray, 1859 (Mammalia, Pinnipedia): Proposed conservation by the designation of Phoca pusilla Schreber, [1775] as the type species of Arctocephalus; and Otaria Peron, 1816 and Eumetopias Gill, 1866: proposed conservation by the designation of Phoca leonina Molina, 1782 as the type species of Otaria
A. L. Gardner, C. Brian Robbins
1999, Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature (56) 136-141
The purpose of this application is to conserve the accustomed understanding and usage of the fur seal name Arctocephalus F. Cuvier, 1826 by the designation of Phoca pusilia Schreber, [1775] as the type species, thus conserving also the name Callorhinus Gray, 1859. At present Phoca ursina Linnaeus, 1758 is...
On the decline of the Rusty Blackbird and the use of ornithological literature to document long-term population trends
R. Greenberg, Sam Droege
1999, Conservation Biology (13) 553-559
Unlike most North American blackbirds, Rusty Blackbirds (Euphagus carolensis) have shown steep population declines. Declines of approximately 90% are indicated for three recent decades from the Breeding Bird Survey, Christmas Bird Counts, and Quebec Checklist Program. Analyses of abundance classifications in bird distribution books and annotated checklists reveal an overlooked...
