Hydrogeologic processes in saline systems: Playas, sabkhas, and saline lakes
Y. Yechieli, W.W. Wood
2002, Earth-Science Reviews (58) 343-365
Pans, playas, sabkhas, salinas, saline lakes, and salt flats are hydrologically similar, varying only in their boundary conditions. Thus, in evaluating geochemical processes in these systems, a generic water and solute mass-balance approach can be utilized. A conceptual model of a coastal sabkha near the Arabian Gulf is used as...
Antimicrobial residues in animal waste and water resources proximal to large-scale swine and poultry feeding operations
E.R. Campagnolo, K.R. Johnson, A. Karpati, C.S. Rubin, D.W. Kolpin, M. T. Meyer, J. Emilio Esteban, R.W. Currier, K. Smith, K.M. Thu, M. McGeehin
2002, Science of the Total Environment (299) 89-95
Expansion and intensification of large-scale animal feeding operations (AFOs) in the United States has resulted in concern about environmental contamination and its potential public health impacts. The objective of this investigation was to obtain background data on a broad profile of antimicrobial residues in animal wastes and surface water and...
Use of ICP/MS with ultrasonic nebulizer for routine determination of uranium activity ratios in natural water
T. F. Kraemer, M. W. Doughten, T.D. Bullen
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 4899-4904
A method is described that allows precise determination of 234U/238U activity ratios (UAR) in most natural waters using commonly available inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) instrumentation and accessories. The precision achieved by this technique (±0.5% RSD, 1 sigma) is intermediate between thermal ionization mass spectrometry (±0.25% RSD, 1...
Movement of atrazine and deethylatrazine through a midwestern reservoir
J. D. Fallon, D.P. Tierney, E.M. Thurman
2002, Journal - American Water Works Association (94) 54-66
The three-dimensional visualization of atrazine and deethylatrazine in a reservoir was determined by five "snapshots" over a one-year period using immunoassay analyses, confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and visualized with a three-dimensional computer program. The surveys were conducted in Perry Lake in Kansas and showed that spring runoff laden with...
Deep arid system hydrodynamics 2. Application to paleohydrologic reconstruction using vadose zone profiles from the northern Mojave Desert
Michelle Ann Walvoord, Fred M. Phillips, Scott W. Tyler, Peter C. Hartsough
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 27-1-27-12
Site‐specific numerical modeling of four sites in two arid alluvial basins within the Nevada Test Site employs a conceptual model of deep arid system hydrodynamics that includes vapor transport, the role of xeric vegetation, and long‐term surface boundary transients. Surface boundary sequences, spanning 110 kyr, that best reproduce measured chloride...
Mexican native trouts: A review of their history and current systematic and conservation status
D.A. Hendrickson, H.E. Perez, L.T. Findley, W. Forbes, J.R. Tomelleri, Richard L. Mayden, J.L. Nielsen, B. Jensen, G.R. Campos, A.V. Romero, A. van der Heiden, F. Camarena, F.J. Garcia de Leon
2002, Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries (12) 273-316
While biologists have been aware of the existence of native Mexican trouts for over a century, they have received little study. The few early studies that did much more than mention their existence began in the 1930s and continued into the early 1960s, focusing primarily on distributional surveys and taxonomic...
Deep arid system hydrodynamics 1. Equilibrium states and response times in thick desert vadose zones
Michelle Ann Walvoord, Mitchell A. Plummer, Fred M. Phillips, Andrew V. Wolfsberg
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 44-1-44-15
Quantifying moisture fluxes through deep desert soils remains difficult because of the small magnitude of the fluxes and the lack of a comprehensive model to describe flow and transport through such dry material. A particular challenge for such a model is reproducing both observed matric potential and chloride profiles. We...
Choosing appropriate techniques for quantifying groundwater recharge
Bridget R. Scanlon, Richard W. Healy, Peter G. Cook
2002, Hydrogeology Journal (10) 18-39
Various techniques are available to quantify recharge; however, choosing appropriate techniques is often difficult. Important considerations in choosing a technique include space/time scales, range, and reliability of recharge estimates based on different techniques; other factors may limit the application of particular techniques. The goal of the recharge study is important...
Leisingera methylohalidivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine methylotroph that grows on methyl bromide
J.K. Schaefer, K.D. Goodwin, I.R. McDonald, J.C. Murrell, Ronald S. Oremland
2002, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (52) 851-859
A marine methylotroph, designated strain MB2T, was isolated for its ability to grow on methyl bromide as a sole carbon and energy source. Methyl chloride and methyl iodide also supported growth, as did methionine and glycine betaine. A limited amount of growth was observed with dimethyl sulfide. Growth was also...
A hydrogen-based subsurface microbial community dominated by methanogens
F. H. Chapelle, Kyle O'Neil, P. M. Bradley, B.A. Methe, S.A. Ciufo, L.L. Knobel, Derek R. Lovley
2002, Nature (415) 312-315
The search for extraterrestrial life may be facilitated if ecosystems can be found on Earth that exist under conditions analogous to those present on other planets or moons. It has been proposed, on the basis of geochemical and thermodynamic considerations, that geologically derived hydrogen might support subsurface microbial communities on...
Energy budget above a high-elevation subalpine forest in complex topography
A.A. Turnipseed, P.D. Blanken, D.E. Anderson, Russell K. Monson
2002, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (110) 177-201
Components of the energy budget were measured above a subalpine coniferous forest over two complete annual cycles. Sensible and latent heat fluxes were measured by eddy covariance. Bowen ratios ranged from 0.7 to 2.5 in the summer (June–September) depending upon the availability of soil...
Mechanisms of uranium interactions with hydroxyapatite: Implications for groundwater remediation
C. C. Fuller, J.R. Bargar, J.A. Davis, M.J. Piana
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 158-165
The speciation of U(VI) sorbed to synthetic hydroxyapatite was investigated using a combination of U LIII-edge XAS, synchrotron XRD, batch uptake measurements, and SEM-EDS. The mechanisms of U(VI) removal by apatite were determined in order to evaluate the feasibility of apatite-based in-situ permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). In batch U(VI) uptake...
Measuring streamflow in Virginia (2002 revision)
Roger M. Moberg, Karen C. Rice, Eugene D. Powell
2002, Open-File Report 95-713
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Department of the Interior, is the Nation's largest Earth-science information agency. Among its many responsibilities, such as map making and providing information on earthquakes and other natural hazards, the USGS provides information on the Nation's water resources. The USGS has collected and analyzed hydrologic...
Hydrology and water quality of Geneva Lake, Walworth County, Wisconsin
Dale M. Robertson, Gerald L. Goddard, Elizabeth A. Mergener, William J. Rose, Paul J. Garrision
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4039
As part of continuing efforts to improve the water quality of Geneva Lake, a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and the Geneva Lake Environmental Agency was initiated in 1997 to document the present quality of the lake and its sediments, compute detailed...
Hydrology and Water Quality of the Grand Portage Reservation, Northeastern Minnesota, 1991-2000
Thomas A. Winterstein
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4156
The Grand Portage Reservation is located in northeastern Cook County, Minnesota at the boundary between Minnesota, USA, and Ontario, Canada. Between 1991 and 2000 the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a series of studies, with the cooperation with Grand Portage Band of Chippewa, to describe the water resources of the Grand...
Environmental Characteristics and Geographic Information System Applications for the Development of Nutrient Thresholds in Oklahoma Streams
Jason R. Masoner, Brian E. Haggard, Alan Rea
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4191
The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency has developed nutrient criteria using ecoregions to manage and protect rivers and streams in the United States. Individual states and tribes are encouraged by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to modify or improve upon the ecoregion approach. The Oklahoma Water Resources Board uses a dichotomous process...
Simulation of flow and effects of best-management practices in the upper Seco Creek basin, south-central Texas, 1991-98
David S. Brown, Timothy H. Raines
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4249
The Hydrological Simulation Program— FORTRAN model was used to assess the effects of two best-management practices—brush management (removal of woody species locally known as cedar) and weather modification (rainfall enhancement)—on selected hydrologic processes in six subbasins that compose the upper Seco Creek Basin in south-central Texas. A parameter set for...
Lake belt study area: High-resolution seismic-reflection survey, Miami-Dade County Florida
Jack L. Kindinger
2002, Open-File Report 2002-325
Executive Summary The Northwest Dade County Freshwater Lake Plan Area (commonly referred to as the Lake Belt Area) is vital to the future planning and development of southeastern Florida. This area is located within one of the most environmentally sensitive parts of the state – the eastern borders of the...
Supporting data for hydrologic studies in San Francisco Bay, California: Meteorological measurements at the Port of Redwood City during 1998-2001
Laurence E. Schemel
2002, Open-File Report 2002-231
Meteorological data were collected during 1998-2001 at the Port of Redwood City, California, to support hydrologic studies in South San Francisco Bay. The measured meteorological variables were air temperature, atmospheric pressure, quantum flux (insolation), and four parameters of wind speed and direction: scalar mean horizontal wind speed, (vector) resultant horizontal...
User's guide to Model Viewer, a program for three-dimensional visualization of ground-water model results
Paul A. Hsieh, Richard B. Winston
2002, Open-File Report 2002-106
Model Viewer is a computer program that displays the results of three-dimensional groundwater models. Scalar data (such as hydraulic head or solute concentration) may be displayed as a solid or a set of isosurfaces, using a red-to-blue color spectrum to represent a range of scalar values. Vector data (such as...
Ground water near Pella and in selected parts of Jasper, Mahaska and Marion Counties, Iowa
James P. Caldwell, Eric M. Sadorf
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4118
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Pella, Iowa, conducted a study of the ground-water resources in selected parts of Jasper, Mahaska, and Marion Counties near Pella, Iowa, during 2000–01. The purpose of the study was to describe the ground-water resources in the Pella, Iowa, area. Following a...
Environmental setting and water-quality issues of the Mobile River Basin, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee
Gregory C. Johnson, Robert E. Kidd, Celeste A. Journey, Humbert Zappia, J. Brian Atkins
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4162
The Mobile River Basin is one of over 50 river basins and aquifer systems being investigated as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. This basin is the sixth largest river basin in the United States, and fourth largest in terms of streamflow, encompassing parts of...
Relation of Environmental characteristics to the composition of aquatic assemblages along a gradient of urban land use in New Jersey, 1996-98
Jonathan G. Kennen, Mark A. Ayers
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4069
Community data from 36 watersheds were used to evaluate the response of fish, invertebrate, and algal assemblages in New Jersey streams to environmental characteristics along a gradient of urban land use that ranged from 3 to 96 percent. Aquatic assemblages were sampled at 36 sites during 1996-98, and more than...
Design of a real-time ground-water level monitoring network and portrayal of hydrologic data in southern Florida
Scott T. Prinos, A.C. Lietz, R.B. Irvin
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4275
Ground-water resources in southern Florida are under increasing stress caused a rapid growth in population. As a result of increased demands on aquifers, water managers need more timely and accurate assessments of ground-water conditions in order to avoid or reduce adverse effects such as saltwater intrusion, loss of pumpage...
Estimating ground-water inflow to lakes in central Florida using the isotope mass-balance approach
Laura A. Sacks
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4192
The isotope mass-balance approach was used to estimate ground-water inflow to 81 lakes in the central highlands and coastal lowlands of central Florida. The study area is characterized by a subtropical climate and numerous lakes in a mantled karst terrain. Ground-water inflow was computed using both steady-state and transient formulations...
