Interlaboratory study of a method for determining nonvolatile organic carbon in aquifer materials
M.E. Caughey, M.J. Barcelona, R.M. Powell, R.A. Cahill, C. Gron, D. Lawrenz, P.L. Meschi
1995, Environmental Geology (26) 211-219
The organic carbon fraction in aquifer materials exerts a major influence on the subsurface mobilities of organic and organic-associated contaminants. The spatial distribution of total organic carbon (TOC) in aquifer materials must be determined before the transport of hydrophobic organic pollutants in aquifers can be modeled accurately. Previous interlaboratory studies...
Simulation models for conservative and nonconservative solute transport in streams
R.L. Runkel
1995, Effects of scale on interpretation and management of sediment and water quality. Proc. symposium, Boulder, 1995 (226) 153-159
Solute transport in streams is governed by a suite of hydrologic and chemical processes. Interactions between hydrologic processes and chemical reactions may be quantified through a combination of field-scale experimentation and simulation modeling. Two mathematical models that simulate conservative and nonconservative solute transport in streams are presented. A model for...
Radiocarbon ages of pre-bomb clams and the hard-water effect in Lakes Michigan and Huron
David K. Rea, Steven M. Colman
1995, Journal of Paleolimnology (14) 89-91
Five radiocarbon ages, all determined by accelerator mass spectrometry, have been obtained for two pre-bomb bivalves from Lake Michigan and one from Lake Huron. After correcting those ages for the fractionation of14C in calcite and for the radioactively inert CO2 in the atmosphere, we find residual ages, caused by...
Lake trout rehabilitation in Lake Huron
Randy L. Eshenroder, N. Robert Payne, James E. Johnson, Charles Bowen II, Mark P. Ebener
1995, Journal of Great Lakes Research (21) 108-127
Efforts to restore lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Huron after their collapse in the 1940s were underway in the early 1970s with completion of the first round oflampricide applications in tributary streams and the stocking of several genotypes. We assess...
National Research Program of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Fiscal Year 1993
Martha L. Nichols (compiler), Linda C. Friedman
1995, Open-File Report 95-125
INTRODUCTION This report, one in a series of annual reports, provides current information about the National Research Program (NRP) of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Water Resources Division (WRD) during fiscal year 1993. Organized by NRP's six research disciplines, the volume contains a summary of the problem, objective, approach, and progress...
Comparative ecology of prickly sculpin, Cottus asper, and coastrange sculpin, C. aleuticus, in the Eel River, California
Larry R. Brown, Scott A. Matern, Peter B. Moyle
1995, Environmental Biology of Fishes (42) 329-343
We documented species' distributions, size structure of populations, abundance in mainstem and tributary streams, habitat use, and diets of prickly sculpin, Cottus asper, and coastrange sculpin, C. aleuticus, in the Eel River drainage of California, to determine the processes allowing coexistence of these very similar fishes. We observed...
Strontium
J.A. Ober
1994, Mining Engineering (46) 547-548
Production figures are not published for stronium carbonate because there is only one company producing strontium carbonate domestically. Strontium carbonate is produced in the U.S. from imported celestite. Consumption can be estimated from trade data published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Consumption is estimated at approximately 24.5 kt...
Decline in a population of spectacled eiders nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Craig R. Ely, Christian Dau, Christopher Babcock
1994, Northwestern Naturalist (75) 81-87
The number of spectacled eiders nesting on two study areas near the Kashunuk River, on the central Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, Alaska, declined by over 75% in the last 20 years. Nesting densities have remained low, but have not significantly declined since 1985. There has been no decrease in the reproductive...
Hepatic cadmium, metal-binding proteins and bioaccumulation in bluegills exposed to aqueous cadmium
W.G. Cope, G.J. Atchison, J.G. Wiener
1994, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (13) 553-562
We examined sublethal responses of juvenile bluegills Lepomis macrochirus to aqueous cadmium in two 28-d tests (test I, 0.0-8.4 μg Cd per liter; test II, 0.0-32.3 μg Cd per liter) in an intermittent-flow diluter. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two replicates in each of eight treatments (seven Cd...
Cadmium, metal-binding proteins, and growth in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus
W. Gregory Cope, James G. Wiener, Mark T. Steingraeber, Gary J. Atchison
1994, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (51) 1356-1367
We exposed juvenile bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) to ~1000 mg∙L−1 of continuously suspended river sediment in a 28-d test with six treatments (randomized block with one sediment-free control and five sediments ranging from 1.3 to 21.4 μg Cd∙g dry weight−1). Each treatment had three replicates, each with 25 fish. Growth was reduced by...
Harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) nesting in manipulated forests
E. Alvarez, D. H. Ellis
1994, Journal of Raptor Research (28) 51 (abs)
Continental records point to shooting, removal of young and destruction of nests as the primary conservation problems for harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja); bird-observer visits are a new source of concern. Nesting events are roughly 3 yr apart. Nests are used during and after intensive manipulation of the surrounding habitat, and...
Distribution and abundance of birds wintering in Maryland, 1988-1993
Jeff S. Hatfield, S.A. Ricciardi, G.A. Gough, D. Bystrak, Sam Droege, C.S. Robbins
1994, Maryland Birdlife (50) 3-83
A winter bird survey was conducted throughout Maryland, primarily by volunteers, during the 6 winters of 1988 to 1993 between the dates of 10 Jan and 10 Feb. The state of Maryland is covered by 1231 blocks (9.5 sq. miles each), each comprising one-sixth of the standard U.S.G.S. 7.5...
Use of geoelectrical methods in groundwater pollution surveys in a coastal environment
R.K. Frohlich, D.W. Urish, J. Fuller, M. O’Reilly
1994, Journal of Applied Geophysics (32) 139-154
The pollution of coastal aquifers by old landfills can contaminate valuable and scarce water resources in the freshwater lens utilized seasonably by overcrowded communities. The pollutants will ultimately flow into the sea where they may also cause a coastal water pollution problem. We have detected pollution in the freshwater lens...
Two hybrid common x roseate terns fledge at Falkner Island, Connecticut
James M. Zingo, Christopher A. Church, Jeffrey A. Spendelow
1994, The Connecticut Warbler (14) 50-55
Although these two similarly-sized species are sympatric throughout much of their breeding range, there are few published records of hybridization between Roseate (Sterna dougallii) and Common (S. hirundo) Terns. Records include at least five from Europe (Witherby and Ticehurst 1908, Perry 1972, Robbins 1974, Burggraeve 1977, van den Berg 1980)...
Sources of variation in loss rates of color bands applied to adult roseate terns (Sterna dougallii) in the western North Atlantic
J. A. Spendelow, J. Burger, I.C.T. Nisbet, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines, H. Hays, G.D. Cormons, M. Gochfeld
1994, The Auk (111) 881-887
A model-based analysis was done to test several hypotheses concerning the rates of loss of butt-ended color bands placed on adult Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) in the western North Atlantic. These birds were captured and color banded from 1987-1991 at four colony sites, and recaptured from 1989-1992 as part of...
Puerto Rican parrots and potential limitations of the metapopulation approach to species conservation
Marcia H. Wilson, Cameron B. Kepler, Noel F.R. Snyder, Scott R. Derrickson, F. Josh Dein, James W. Wiley, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr., Ariel E. Lugo, David L. Graham, William D. Toone
1994, Conservation Biology (8) 114-123
Population viability analyses for a number of endangered species have incorporated a metapopulation approach. The risk assessments of these viability analyses have indicated that some extant populations should be subdivided into numerous subgroups with exchange of individuals among them in order to reduce the chance of catastrophic loss of the...
Estimating breeding proportions and testing hypotheses about costs of reproduction with capture-recapture data
James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Kenneth H. Pollock, Robert L. Hinz, William A. Link
1994, Ecology (75) 2052-2065
The proportion of animals in a population that breeds is an important determinant of population growth rate. Usual estimates of this quantity from field sampling data assume that the probability of appearing in the capture or count statistic is the same for animals that do and do not breed. A...
Tuffaceous ephemeral lake deposits on an alluvial plain, Middle Tertiary of central California
J. Alan Bartow
1994, Sedimentology (41) 215-232
The Oligocene and Miocene Valley Springs Formation is one element in the middle to late Cenozoic alluvial fill of the Central Valley of California and represents a large fluvial depositional system that extended westward from sediment-filled palaeovalleys in the high Sierra Nevada to a piedmont alluvial plain under the present...
Black bears in Arkansas: Characteristics of a successful translocation
Kimberly G. Smith, Joseph D. Clark
1994, Journal of Mammalogy (75) 309-320
In 1958, the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission began translocating black bears (Ursus americanus) from Minnesota to the Interior Highlands (Ozark and Ouachita mountains) of Arkansas where bears had been extirpated early in this century. This project continued for 11 years with little public imput, during which time an estimated...
Quality of water and chemistry of bottom sediment in the Rillito Creek basin, Tucson, Arizona, 1986-92
Saeid Tadayon, C.F. Smith
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4114
Data were collected on physical properties and chemistry of 4 surface water, l4 ground water, and 4 bottom sediment sites in the Rillito Creek basin where artificial recharge of surface runoff is being considered. Concentrations of suspended sediment in streams generally increased with increases in streamflow and were higher during...
Potential for, and possible effects of, artificial recharge in Carson Valley, Douglas County, Nevada
Douglas K. Maurer, Lorri A. Peltz
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4126
Rapid population growth in Carson Valley, west- central Nevada, requires a dependable municipal water source. Artificial recharge of aquifers using available flow of the Carson River is one way to increase the amount of water in underground storage and maintain a dependable ground-water supply. Ground water can be artificially recharged...
Humic and fulvic acids: sink or source in the availability of metals to the marine bivalves Macoma balthica and Potamocorbula amurensis?
Alan W. Decho, Samuel N. Luoma
1994, Marine Ecology Progress Series (108) 133-145
Humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) are common forms of organic matter in marine sediments, and are routinely ingested by deposit- and suspension-feeding animals. These compounds may be a sink for metals, implying that once metals are bound to humic substances they are no longer available to food webs....
Landsat TM image maps of the Shirase and Siple Coast ice streams, West Antarctica
Jane G. Ferrigno, Jerry L. Mullins, Jo Anne Stapleton, Robert Bindschadler, Ted A. Scambos, Lynda B. Bellisime, Jo-Ann Bowell, Alex V. Acosta
1994, Annals of Glaciology (20) 407-412
Fifteen 1: 250000 and one 1: 1000 000 scale Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image mosaic maps are currently being produced of the West Antarctic ice streams on the Shirase and Siple Coasts. Landsat TM images were acquired between 1984 and 1990 in an area bounded approximately by 78°-82.5°S and 120°-...
The south pole region of the moon as seen by Clementine
E.M. Shoemaker, M.S. Robinson, E. M. Eliason
1994, Science (266) 1851-1854
The Clementine mission has provided the first comprehensive set of high-resolution images of the south pole region of the moon. Within 5° of latitude of the pole, an area of an estimated 30,000 square kilometers remained in shadow during a full lunar rotation and is a promising target...
Laboratory simulation of hydrothermal petroleum formation from sediment in Escanaba Trough, offshore from northern California
Keith A. Kvenvolden, John B. Rapp, Frances D. Hostettler, Robert J. Rosenbauer
1994, Organic Geochemistry (22) 935-945
Petroleum associated with sulfide-rich sediment is present in Escanaba Trough at the southern end of the Gorda Ridge spreading axis offshore from northern California within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the U.S. This location and occurrence are important for evaluation of the mineral and energy resource potential of the...
